Man Lā Yaḥḍuruh al-Faqīh

4030 - وَ سُئِلَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ لَهُ عَلَى الرَّجُلِ الدَّرَاهِمُ وَ الْمَالُ فَيَدْعُوهُ إِلَى طَعَامِهِ أَوْ يُهْدِي لَهُ الْهَدِيَّةَ قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ‌.

Hadith.4030 - Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) was asked about a man who has dirhams or wealth owed to him by another man, and he invites him to his meal or gives him a gift. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm."

4031 - وَ- سَأَلَ يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ شُعَيْبٍ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يُقْرِضُ الرَّجُلَ الدَّرَاهِمَ الْغِلَّةَ فَيَأْخُذُ مِنْهُ الدَّرَاهِمَ الطَّازَجِيَّةَ طَيِّبَةً بِهَا نَفْسُهُ فَقَالَ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ‌ وَ ذُكِرَ ذَلِكَ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ.

Hadith.4031 - Ya'qub ibn Shu'ayb asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who lends dirhams of lower quality and then receives better-quality dirhams in return, with the borrower's consent. He (as) said: "There is no harm in it." And this was also narrated from Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as).

3934 - رَوَى حَمَّادٌ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَسْلَفْتُهُ دَرَاهِمَ فِي طَعَامٍ فَلَمَّا حَلَّ طَعَامِي عَلَيْهِ بَعَثَ إِلَيَّ بِدَرَاهِمَ وَ قَالَ اِشْتَرِ لِنَفْسِكَ طَعَاماً وَ اِسْتَوْفِ حَقَّكَ فَقَالَ "أَرَى أَنْ تُوَلِّيَ ذَلِكَ غَيْرَكَ وَ تَقُومَ مَعَهُ حَتَّى تَقْبِضَ اَلَّذِي لَكَ وَ لاَ تَوَلَّ أَنْتَ شِرَاءَهُ".

Hadith.3934 - Hammad narrated from Al-Halabi, from Abu Abdillah (as): Imam (as) was asked about a man to whom I had lent dirhams in advance for food. When the time came for me to receive the food, he sent me dirhams and said: "Buy food for yourself and settle your due." Imam (as) said: "I think you should appoint someone else to handle the purchase on your behalf and accompany him until you receive what is owed to you. Do not handle the purchase yourself."

3935 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يُسْلِمُ فِي اَلْحِنْطَةِ أَوِ اَلتَّمْرِ مِائَةَ دِرْهَمٍ فَيَأْتِي صَاحِبُهُ، حِينَ يَحِلُّ لَهُ اَلدَّيْنُ فَيَقُولُ وَ اَللَّهِ مَا عِنْدِي إِلاَّ نِصْفُ اَلَّذِي لَكَ فَخُذْ مِنِّي إِنْ شِئْتَ بِنِصْفِ اَلَّذِي لَكَ حِنْطَةً وَ نِصْفاً وَرِقاً فَقَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ إِذَا أَخَذَ مِنْهُ اَلْوَرِقَ كَمَا أَعْطَاهُ، " قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ لِي عَلَيْهِ جُلَّةٌ مِنْ بُسْرٍ فَآخُذُ مِنْهُ جُلَّةً مِنْ رُطَبٍ مَكَانَهَا وَ هِيَ أَقَلُّ مِنْهَا قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ" قُلْتُ فَيَكُونُ لِي عَلَيْهِ جُلَّةٌ مِنْ بُسْرٍ فَآخُذُ مَكَانَهَا جُلَّةً مِنْ تَمْرٍ وَ هِيَ أَكْثَرُ مِنْهَا قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ إِذَا كَانَ مَعْرُوفاً بَيْنَكُمَا" قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ يَكُونُ لَهُ عَلَى اَلْآخَرِ مِائَةُ كُرٍّ مِنْ تَمْرٍ وَ لَهُ نَخْلٌ فَيَأْتِيهِ فَيَقُولُ أَعْطِنِي نَخْلَكَ هَذَا بِمَا عَلَيْكَ فَكَأَنَّهُ كَرِهَهُ قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ لَهُ عَلَى اَلْآخَرِ أَحْمَالٌ مِنْ رُطَبٍ أَوْ تَمْرٍ فَيَبْعَثُ إِلَيْهِ بِدَنَانِيرَ فَيَقُولُ اِشْتَرِ بِهَذِهِ وَ اِسْتَوْفِ مِنْهُ اَلَّذِي لَكَ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ إِذَا اِئْتَمَنَهُ".

Hadith.3935 - Safwan bin Yahya narrated from Ya'qub bin Shu'ayb, who said: I asked Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) about a man who makes an advance payment of 100 dirhams for wheat or dates. When the debt becomes due, the seller says, "By Allah (swt), I only have half of what is owed to you. Take half in wheat and the other half in cash if you wish." Imam (as) said: "There is no harm if he takes the cash just as he had given it." He continued: I asked Imam (as) about a man who owes me a basket of ripe dates, and I take instead a basket of fresh dates, which is less in quantity. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in that." I then asked: "What if I take instead a basket of dried dates, which is more in quantity?" Imam (as) said: "There is no harm as long as it is mutually agreed upon." I also asked Imam (as) about a man who owes another 100 measures of dates, and the creditor offers to take the debtor's palm trees as payment. Imam (as) seemed to dislike this. I then asked Imam (as) about a man who is owed loads of fresh or dried dates and sends dinars to the debtor, saying, "Buy with these and settle my debt." Imam (as) said: "There is no harm if he trusts him."

3936 - وَ رَوَى صَفْوَانُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فِي اَلرَّجُلِ يُسْلِمُ فِي غَيْرِ زَرْعٍ وَ لاَ نَخْلٍ قَالَ "يُسَمِّي كَيْلاً مَعْلُوماً إِلَى أَجَلٍ مَعْلُومٍ" قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلسَّلَمِ فِي اَلْحَيَوَانِ وَ اَلطَّعَامِ وَ يَرْتَهِنَ اَلرَّجُلُ بِمَالِهِ رَهْناً قَالَ "نَعَمْ اِسْتَوْثِقْ مِنْ مَالِكَ".

Hadith.3936 - Safwan bin Yahya narrated from Abdullah bin Sinan, who said: I asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a man who makes a forward contract (salam) for something other than crops or dates. Imam (as) said: "He should specify a known measure and set a fixed time for delivery." I also asked Imam (as) about making a forward contract for livestock or food and whether the creditor can take collateral for his money. Imam (as) said: "Yes, secure your wealth properly."

3937 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ مَنْصُورِ بْنِ حَازِمٍ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ رَجُلٌ كَانَ لَهُ عَلَى رَجُلٍ دَرَاهِمُ مِنْ ثَمَنِ غَنَمٍ اِشْتَرَاهَا مِنْهُ فَأَتَى اَلطَّالِبُ اَلْمَطْلُوبَ يَتَقَاضَاهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ اَلْمَطْلُوبُ أَبِيعُكَ هَذِهِ اَلْغَنَمَ بِدَرَاهِمِكَ اَلَّتِي لَكَ عِنْدِي فَرَضِيَ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ".

Hadith.3937 - It is narrated from Mansur bin Hazim, who said: I said to Abu Abdillah (as): "A man owed another man dirhams for the price of sheep he had bought from him. The creditor came to demand payment, and the debtor said: 'I will sell you these sheep for the dirhams I owe you.' The creditor agreed." Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in that."

3938 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ بُكَيْرٍ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَسْلَفَ فِي شَيْءٍ يُسْلِفُ اَلنَّاسُ فِيهِ مِنَ اَلثِّمَارِ فَذَهَبَ ثِمَارُهَا وَ لَمْ يَسْتَوْفِ سَلَفَهُ قَالَ "فَلْيَأْخُذْ رَأْسَ مَالِهِ أَوْ لِيُنْظِرْهُ".

Hadith.3938 - It is narrated from Abdullah bin Bukayr, who said: I asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a man who made an advance payment (salam) for something that people typically make advance payments for, such as fruits, but the fruits were destroyed, and he did not receive what was due. Imam (as) said: "Let him take back his principal amount, or he may grant the debtor more time."

3939 - وَ رَوَى صَفْوَانُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنِ اَلْعِيصِ بْنِ اَلْقَاسِمِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَسْلَفَ رَجُلاً دَرَاهِمَ بِحِنْطَةٍ حَتَّى إِذَا حَضَرَ اَلْأَجَلُ لَمْ يَكُنْ عِنْدَهُ طَعَامٌ وَ وَجَدَ عِنْدَهُ دَوَابّاً [دَوَابَّ] وَ رَقِيقاً وَ مَتَاعاً أَ يَحِلُّ لَهُ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ مِنْ عُرُوضِهِ تِلْكَ بِطَعَامِهِ قَالَ "نَعَمْ يُسَمِّي كَذَا وَ كَذَا بِكَذَا وَ كَذَا صَاعاً".

Hadith.3939 - Safwan bin Yahya narrated from Al-Ays bin Al-Qasim, who said: I asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a man who had advanced dirhams to another man for wheat. When the due date arrived, the debtor did not have any food but had animals, slaves, and goods. I asked: "Is it permissible for him to take these items in place of the wheat owed to him?" Imam (as) said: "Yes, he may specify such and such items for such and such a measure."

3940 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ حَدِيدِ بْنِ حَكِيمٍ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ اَلرَّجُلُ يَشْتَرِي اَلْجُلُودَ مِنَ اَلْقَصَّابِ فَيُعْطِيهِ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ شَيْئاً مَعْلُوماً فَقَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ".

Hadith.3940 - It is narrated from Hadid bin Hakim, who said: I said to Abu Abdillah (as): "A man buys hides from a butcher and pays him a fixed amount every day." Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in that."

3941 - وَ رَوَى أَبَانٌ أَنَّهُ قَالَ : فِي اَلرَّجُلِ يُسْلِفُ اَلرَّجُلَ اَلدَّرَاهِمَ يَنْقُدُهَا إِيَّاهُ بِأَرْضٍ أُخْرَى قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ".

Hadith.3941 - It is narrated from Aban that Imam (as) said regarding a man who advances dirhams to another man and pays him in another land. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in that."