Man Lā Yaḥḍuruh al-Faqīh

3254 - وَ رَوَى عَمْرُو بْنُ ثَابِتٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ طَرِيفٍ عَنِ اَلْأَصْبَغِ بْنِ نُبَاتَةَ قَالَ : أُتِيَ عُمَرُ بْنُ اَلْخَطَّابِ بِامْرَأَةٍ تَزَوَّجَهَا شَيْخٌ فَلَمَّا أَنْ وَاقَعَهَا مَاتَ عَلَى بَطْنِهَا فَجَاءَتْ بِوَلَدٍ فَادَّعَى بَنُوهُ أَنَّهَا فَجَرَتْ وَ تَشَاهَدُوا عَلَيْهَا فَأَمَرَ بِهَا عُمَرُ أَنْ تُرْجَمَ فَمَرُّوا بِهَا عَلَى عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَقَالَتْ يَا اِبْنَ عَمِّ رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ إِنِّي مَظْلُومَةٌ وَ هَذِهِ حُجَّتِي فَقَالَ "هَاتِي حُجَّتَكِ" فَدَفَعَتْ إِلَيْهِ كِتَاباً فَقَرَأَهُ فَقَالَ "هَذِهِ اَلْمَرْأَةُ تُعْلِمُكُمْ بِيَوْمَ تَزَوَّجَهَا وَ يَوْمَ وَاقَعَهَا وَ كَيْفَ كَانَ جِمَاعُهُ لَهَا رُدُّوا اَلْمَرْأَةَ" فَلَمَّا كَانَ مِنَ اَلْغَدِ دَعَا عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ بِصِبْيَانٍ يَلْعَبُونَ أَتْرَابٍ وَ فِيهِمُ اِبْنُهَا فَقَالَ لَهُمُ "اِلْعَبُوا" فَلَعِبُوا حَتَّى إِذَا أَلْهَاهُمُ اَللَّعِبُ فَصَاحَ بِهِمْ فَقَامُوا وَ قَامَ اَلْغُلاَمُ اَلَّذِي هُوَ اِبْنُ اَلْمَرْأَةِ مُتَّكِئاً عَلَى رَاحَتَيْهِ فَدَعَا بِهِ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَوَرَّثَهُ مِنْ أَبِيهِ وَ جَلَدَ إِخْوَتَهُ اَلْمُفْتَرِينَ حَدّاً حَدّاً فَقَالَ لَهُ عُمَرُ كَيْفَ صَنَعْتَ قَالَ "عَرَفْتُ ضَعْفَ اَلشَّيْخِ فِي تُكَأَةِ اَلْغُلاَمِ عَلَى رَاحَتَيْهِ".

Hadith.3254 - Amr ibn Thabit narrated from his father, from Sad ibn Tarif, from Al-Asbagh ibn Nubatah, who said: A woman was brought before Umar ibn al-Khattab. She had married an old man who died while lying on top of her after consummating the marriage. Later, she gave birth to a child. The old man's sons accused her of adultery and testified against her. Umar ordered that she be stoned. As they were leading her away, they passed by Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as). She called out: "O cousin of the Messenger of Allah (swt)! I am wronged, and this is my evidence." Imam (as) said: "Present your evidence." She handed him a letter, and Imam (as) read it. Then Imam (as) said: "This woman is informing you of the date of her marriage, the date of consummation, and how it occurred. Return the woman." The next day, Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) summoned some children who were of the same age as the woman's child and told them to play. They played until they became distracted. Then Imam (as) called out to them suddenly, and they all stood up, including the woman's child, who stood leaning on both his palms for support. Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) called the child forward, confirmed his paternity, and ruled that he inherit from his father. He then ordered the brothers, who had falsely accused the woman, to be lashed one by one as the punishment for false accusation. Umar asked Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as): "How did you reach this judgment?" Imam (as) replied: "I recognized the frailty of the old man from the way the child leaned on his palms to stand up."

3255 - وَ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "دَخَلَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ اَلْمَسْجِدَ فَاسْتَقْبَلَهُ شَابٌّ وَ هُوَ يَبْكِي وَ حَوْلَهُ قَوْمٌ يُسْكِتُونَهُ، فَقَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "مَا أَبْكَاكَ" فَقَالَ يَا أَمِيرَ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِنَّ شُرَيْحاً قَضَى عَلَيَّ بِقَضِيَّةٍ مَا أَدْرِي مَا هِيَ إِنَّ هَؤُلاَءِ اَلنَّفَرَ خَرَجُوا بِأَبِي مَعَهُمْ فِي سَفَرِهِمْ فَرَجَعُوا وَ لَمْ يَرْجِعْ أَبِي فَسَأَلْتُهُمْ عَنْهُ فَقَالُوا مَاتَ فَسَأَلْتُهُمْ عَنْ مَالِهِ فَقَالُوا مَا تَرَكَ مَالاً فَقَدَّمْتُهُمْ إِلَى شُرَيْحٍ فَاسْتَحْلَفَهُمْ وَ قَدْ عَلِمْتُ يَا أَمِيرَ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَنَّ أَبِي خَرَجَ وَ مَعَهُ مَالٌ كَثِيرٌ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "اِرْجِعُوا" فَرَدُّوهُمْ جَمِيعاً وَ اَلْفَتَى مَعَهُمْ إِلَى شُرَيْحٍ فَقَالَ لَهُ "يَا شُرَيْحُ كَيْفَ قَضَيْتَ بَيْنَ هَؤُلاَءِ" فَقَالَ يَا أَمِيرَ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ اِدَّعَى هَذَا اَلْغُلاَمُ عَلَى هَؤُلاَءِ اَلنَّفَرِ أَنَّهُمْ خَرَجُوا فِي سَفَرٍ وَ أَبُوهُ مَعَهُمْ فَرَجَعُوا وَ لَمْ يَرْجِعْ أَبُوهُ فَسَأَلْتُهُمْ عَنْهُ فَقَالُوا مَاتَ فَسَأَلْتُهُمْ عَنْ مَالِهِ فَقَالُوا مَا خَلَّفَ شَيْئاً فَقُلْتُ لِلْفَتَى هَلْ لَكَ بَيِّنَةٌ عَلَى مَا تَدَّعِي فَقَالَ لاَ فَاسْتَحْلَفْتُهُمْ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "يَا شُرَيْحُ هَيْهَاتَ هَكَذَا تَحْكُمُ فِي مِثْلِ هَذَا" فَقَالَ كَيْفَ هَذَا يَا أَمِيرَ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "يَا شُرَيْحُ وَ اَللَّهِ لَأَحْكُمَنَّ فِيهِمْ بِحُكْمٍ مَا حَكَمَ بِهِ خَلْقٌ قَبْلِي إِلاَّ دَاوُدُ اَلنَّبِيُّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَا قَنْبَرُ اُدْعُ لِي شُرْطَةَ اَلْخَمِيسِ " فَدَعَاهُمْ فَوَكَّلَ بِهِمْ بِكُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ رَجُلاً مِنَ اَلشُّرْطَةِ ثُمَّ نَظَرَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ إِلَى وُجُوهِهِمْ فَقَالَ "مَا ذَا تَقُولُونَ أَ تَقُولُونَ إِنِّي لاَ أَعْلَمُ مَا صَنَعْتُمْ بِأَبِ هَذَا اَلْفَتَى إِنِّي إِذاً لَجَاهِلٌ" ثُمَّ قَالَ "فَرِّقُوهُمْ وَ غَطُّوا رُءُوسَهُمْ" فَفُرِّقَ بَيْنَهُمْ وَ أُقِيمَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ إِلَى أُسْطُوَانَةٍ مِنْ أَسَاطِينِ اَلْمَسْجِدِ وَ رُءُوسُهُمْ مُغَطَّاةٌ بِثِيَابِهِمْ ثُمَّ دَعَا بِعُبَيْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي رَافِعٍ كَاتِبِهِ فَقَالَ "هَاتِ صَحِيفَةً وَ دَوَاةً" وَ جَلَسَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فِي مَجْلِسِ اَلْقَضَاءِ وَ اِجْتَمَعَ اَلنَّاسُ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ "إِذَا أَنَا كَبَّرْتُ فَكَبِّرُوا" ثُمَّ قَالَ لِلنَّاسِ "أَفْرِجُوا" ثُمَّ دَعَا بِوَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ فَأَجْلَسَهُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ فَكَشَفَ عَنْ وَجْهِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ لِعُبَيْدِ اَللَّهِ "اُكْتُبْ إِقْرَارَهُ وَ مَا يَقُولُ" ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ عَلَيْهِ بِالسُّؤَالِ ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُ "فِي أَيِّ يَوْمٍ خَرَجْتُمْ مِنْ مَنَازِلِكُمْ وَ أَبُو هَذَا اَلْفَتَى مَعَكُمْ" فَقَالَ اَلرَّجُلُ فِي يَوْمِ كَذَا وَ كَذَا فَقَالَ "وَ فِي أَيِّ شَهْرٍ" فَقَالَ فِي شَهْرِ كَذَا وَ كَذَا قَالَ "وَ إِلَى أَيْنَ بَلَغْتُمْ مِنْ سَفَرِكُمْ حِينَ مَاتَ أَبُو هَذَا اَلْفَتَى" قَالَ إِلَى مَوْضِعِ كَذَا وَ كَذَا قَالَ "وَ فِي أَيِّ مَنْزِلٍ" قَالَ فِي مَنْزِلِ فُلاَنِ بْنِ فُلاَنٍ قَالَ "وَ مَا كَانَ مِنْ مَرَضِهِ" قَالَ كَذَا وَ كَذَا قَالَ "وَ كَمْ يَوْماً مَرِضَ" قَالَ كَذَا وَ كَذَا يَوْماً قَالَ "فَمَنْ كَانَ يُمَرِّضُهُ وَ فِي أَيِّ يَوْمٍ مَاتَ وَ مَنْ غَسَّلَهُ وَ أَيْنَ غَسَّلَهُ وَ مَنْ كَفَّنَهُ وَ بِمَا كَفَّنْتُمُوهُ وَ مَنْ صَلَّى عَلَيْهِ وَ مَنْ نَزَلَ قَبْرَهُ" فَلَمَّا سَأَلَهُ عَنْ جَمِيعِ مَا يُرِيدُ كَبَّرَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ وَ كَبَّرَ اَلنَّاسُ مَعَهُ فَارْتَابَ أُولَئِكَ اَلْبَاقُونَ وَ لَمْ يَشُكُّوا أَنَّ صَاحِبَهُمْ قَدْ أَقَرَّ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ فَأَمَرَ أَنْ يُغَطَّى رَأْسُهُ وَ أَنْ يَنْطَلِقُوا بِهِ إِلَى اَلْحَبْسِ ثُمَّ دَعَا بِآخَرَ فَأَجْلَسَهُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ وَ كَشَفَ عَنْ وَجْهِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ "كَلاَّ زَعَمْتَ أَنِّي لاَ أَعْلَمُ مَا صَنَعْتُمْ" فَقَالَ يَا أَمِيرَ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ مَا أَنَا إِلاَّ وَاحِدٌ مِنَ اَلْقَوْمِ وَ لَقَدْ كُنْتُ كَارِهاً لِقَتْلِهِ فَأَقَرَّ ثُمَّ دَعَا بِوَاحِدٍ بَعْدَ وَاحِدٍ فَكُلُّهُمْ يُقِرُّ بِالْقَتْلِ وَ أَخْذِ اَلْمَالِ ثُمَّ رَدَّ اَلَّذِي كَانَ أَمَرَ بِهِ إِلَى اَلسِّجْنِ فَأَقَرَّ أَيْضاً فَأَلْزَمَهُمُ اَلْمَالَ وَ اَلدَّمَ فَقَالَ شُرَيْحٌ يَا أَمِيرَ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ كَيْفَ كَانَ حُكْمُ دَاوُدَ فَقَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "إِنَّ دَاوُدَ اَلنَّبِيَّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ مَرَّ بِغِلْمَةٍ يَلْعَبُونَ وَ يُنَادُونَ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضاً مَاتَ اَلدِّينُ فَدَعَا مِنْهُمْ غُلاَماً فَقَالَ لَهُ يَا غُلاَمُ مَا اِسْمُكَ قَالَ اِسْمِي مَاتَ اَلدِّينُ فَقَالَ لَهُ دَاوُدُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ مَنْ سَمَّاكَ بِهَذَا اَلاِسْمِ قَالَ أُمِّي فَانْطَلَقَ إِلَى أُمِّهِ فَقَالَ يَا اِمْرَأَةُ مَا اِسْمُ اِبْنِكِ هَذَا قَالَتْ مَاتَ اَلدِّينُ فَقَالَ لَهَا وَ مَنْ سَمَّاهُ بِهَذَا اَلاِسْمِ قَالَتْ أَبُوهُ قَالَ وَ كَيْفَ كَانَ ذَلِكَ قَالَتْ إِنَّ أَبَاهُ خَرَجَ فِي سَفَرٍ لَهُ وَ مَعَهُ قَوْمٌ وَ هَذَا اَلصَّبِيُّ حَمْلٌ فِي بَطْنِي فَانْصَرَفَ اَلْقَوْمُ وَ لَمْ يَنْصَرِفْ زَوْجِي فَسَأَلْتُهُمْ عَنْهُ فَقَالُوا مَاتَ قُلْتُ أَيْنَ مَا تَرَكَ قَالُوا لَمْ يُخَلِّفْ مَالاً فَقُلْتُ أَوْصَاكُمْ بِوَصِيَّةٍ قَالُوا نَعَمْ زَعَمَ أَنَّكِ حُبْلَى فَمَا وَلَدْتِ مِنْ وَلَدٍ ذَكَرٍ أَوْ أُنْثَى فَسَمِّيهِ مَاتَ اَلدِّينُ فَسَمَّيْتُهُ فَقَالَ أَ تَعْرِفِينَ اَلْقَوْمَ اَلَّذِينَ كَانُوا خَرَجُوا مَعَ زَوْجِكِ قَالَتْ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَأَحْيَاءٌ هُمْ أَمْ أَمْوَاتٌ قَالَتْ بَلْ أَحْيَاءٌ قَالَ فَانْطَلِقِي بِنَا إِلَيْهِمْ ثُمَّ مَضَى مَعَهَا فَاسْتَخْرَجَهُمْ مِنْ مَنَازِلِهِمْ فَحَكَمَ بَيْنَهُمْ بِهَذَا اَلْحُكْمِ فَثَبَّتَ عَلَيْهِمُ اَلْمَالَ وَ اَلدَّمَ ثُمَّ قَالَ لِلْمَرْأَةِ سَمِّي اِبْنَكِ هَذَا عَاشَ اَلدِّينُ " ثُمَّ إِنَّ اَلْفَتَى وَ اَلْقَوْمَ اِخْتَلَفُوا فِي مَالِ أَبِ اَلْفَتَى كَمْ كَانَ فَأَخَذَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ خَاتَمَهُ وَ جَمَعَ خَوَاتِيمَ عِدَّةٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ "أَجِيلُوا هَذِهِ اَلسِّهَامَ فَأَيُّكُمْ أَخْرَجَ خَاتَمِي فَهُوَ اَلصَّادِقُ فِي دَعْوَاهُ لِأَنَّهُ سَهْمُ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ هُوَ سَهْمٌ لاَ يَخِيبُ" ".

Hadith.3255 - Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) said: Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) entered the mosque, and a young man approached him, crying, while a group of people around him tried to silence him. Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) asked: "What makes you cry?" The young man said: "O Commander of the Faithful, Shurayh judged against me in a case, and I do not understand it. These men went on a journey with my father, but they returned without him. When I asked them about him, they said he had died. Then I asked them about his wealth, and they said he left no wealth. I brought them before Shurayh, and he made them swear an oath. But I know, O Commander of the Faithful, that my father left with a great amount of wealth." So Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said to them: "Return." Imam (as) gathered all of them, including the young man, and took them back to Shurayh. Then Imam (as) said to him: "O Shurayh, how did you judge between these people?" Shurayh said: "O Commander of the Faithful, this young man claimed that these men went on a journey with his father, but they returned while his father did not. He asked them about his father, and they said he had died. Then he asked them about his father's wealth, and they said he left nothing. I asked the young man if he had any evidence for his claim, but he said no. So, I made them swear an oath, and then I ruled in their favor." Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "O Shurayh, how could you judge in such a case like this?" Shurayh asked: "How should it be judged, O Commander of the Faithful?" Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "O Shurayh, by Allah (swt), I will issue a ruling in this matter that no one before me has ruled except Prophet Dawud (as)." Imam (as) then said: "O Qanbar, call for the guards of the Thursday patrol." Then Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) summoned the guards, assigning one guard to each of the accused men. Imam (as) looked at their faces and said: "What do you say? Do you think that I do not know what you have done to the father of this young man? If so, then I would indeed be ignorant." Imam (as) then said: "Separate them and cover their heads." They were separated and each was placed by one of the pillars of the mosque with their heads covered by their garments. Then Imam (as) called for Ubaydullah ibn Abi Rafi, his scribe, and said: "Bring me a scroll and an inkwell." Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) sat in the seat of judgment, and the people gathered around him. Imam (as) said: "When I say 'Allahu Akbar,' then you all say 'Allahu Akbar.'" Then Commander of the Faithful (as) said to the people: "Make space." Imam (as) called one of the accused, seated him in front of him, uncovered his face, and said to Ubaydullah: "Write down his confession and what he says." Imam (as) then began questioning him, saying: "On what day did you leave your homes, with the father of this young man accompanying you?" The man replied: "On such-and-such a day." He (as) asked: "In which month?" The man replied: "In such-and-such a month." He (as) asked: "To what point in your journey had you reached when the father of this young man died?" The man replied: "To such-and-such a place." He (as) asked: "In which dwelling?" The man replied: "In the dwelling of so-and-so, the son of so-and-so." He (as) asked: "What illness did he suffer from?" The man replied: "Such-and-such illness." He (as) asked: "For how many days was he ill?" The man replied: "For such-and-such days." He (as) asked: "Who was taking care of him? On what day did he die? Who washed his body? Where was he washed? Who shrouded him? In what was he shrouded? Who prayed over him? And who lowered him into his grave?" When Commander of the Faithful (as) finished questioning the first man about all the details he wanted, Imam (as) said "Allahu Akbar," and the people echoed "Allahu Akbar" with him. This caused the remaining men to become anxious, as they were certain that their companion had confessed and implicated them. Then Commander of the Faithful (as) ordered that the first man's head be covered and that he be taken to prison. He then called for the second man, seated him before him, uncovered his face, and said: "You thought that I would not know what you have done?" The man replied: "O Commander of the Faithful, I am just one of the group, and I was unwilling to kill him." Thus, he confessed. One by one, Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) called the others, and each of them confessed to the killing and taking of the wealth. Then Imam (as) summoned the first man, who had been sent to prison, and he too confessed. Commander of the Faithful (as) obligated them to pay the blood money and return the stolen wealth. Shurayh then asked: "O Commander of the Faithful (as), what was the judgment of Prophet Dawud (as)?" Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "Prophet Dawud (as) once passed by a group of children who were playing and calling each other by names. One of them called out, 'Mat ad-Din' (Religion has died). Prophet Dawud (as) summoned the child and asked: 'What is your name?' The child replied: 'My name is Mat ad-Din.' Dawud (as) asked: 'Who gave you this name?' The child replied: 'My mother.' So Prophet Dawud (as) went to the child's mother and asked: "O woman, what is the name of this son of yours?" She replied: "His name is Mat ad-Din (Religion has died)." He asked: "Who named him with this name?" She said: "His father." He asked: "How did that happen?" She said: "His father went on a journey with a group of people while I was pregnant with this child. The group returned, but my husband did not. I asked them about him, and they said he had died. I asked: 'What wealth did he leave behind?' They said: 'He left no wealth.' I asked: 'Did he leave any will?' They said: 'Yes. He said that you are pregnant, and whatever child you bear, whether male or female, name it Mat ad-Din.'" So I named him as instructed." Dawud (as) then asked her, "Do you know the people who went on the journey with your husband?" She said: "Yes." He asked: "Are they alive or dead?" She replied: "They are alive." He said: "Take me to them." He went with her, brought the group from their homes, and judged between them with the same ruling as Commander of the Faithful (as). He held them accountable for the wealth and the blood. Then he said to the woman, "Name this son of yours Ash ad-Din (Religion has lived).'" Later, the young man and the group disputed over the exact amount of wealth the father had left. So Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) took his ring, gathered several other rings, and said: "Draw lots with these rings. Whichever of you draws my ring is truthful in his claim, for it is the lot of Allah (swt), the Mighty and Majestic, and it never fails."

3256 - وَ - قَضَى عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فِي اِمْرَأَةٍ أَتَتْهُ فَقَالَتْ إِنَّ زَوْجِي وَقَعَ عَلَى جَارِيَتِي بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِي فَقَالَ لِلرَّجُلِ "مَا تَقُولُ" فَقَالَ مَا وَقَعْتُ عَلَيْهَا إِلاَّ بِإِذْنِهَا فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "إِنْ كُنْتِ صَادِقَةً رَجَمْنَاهُ وَ إِنْ كُنْتِ كَاذِبَةً ضَرَبْنَاكِ حَدّاً" وَ أُقِيمَتِ اَلصَّلاَةُ فَقَامَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يُصَلِّي فَفَكَّرَتِ اَلْمَرْأَةُ فِي نَفْسِهَا فَلَمْ تَرَ لَهَا فِي رَجْمِ زَوْجِهَا فَرَجاً وَ لاَ فِي ضَرْبِهَا اَلْحَدَّ فَخَرَجَتْ وَ لَمْ تَعُدْ وَ لَمْ يَسْأَلْ عَنْهَا أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ.

Hadith.3256 - Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) judged in the case of a woman who came to him and said: "My husband has had relations with my bondwoman without my permission." Imam (as) said to the man: "What do you say?" The man replied: "I did not approach her except with her permission." Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "If you are truthful, we will stone him. But if you are lying, we will administer the prescribed punishment (lashes) on you." At that moment, the call for prayer was made, and Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) stood up to pray. While Imam (as) prayed, the woman reflected and saw no benefit in having her husband stoned, nor in facing the punishment herself. She left and did not return, and Commander of the Faithful (as) did not inquire about her afterward.

3257 - وَ - قَضَى عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فِي رَجُلٍ جَاءَ بِهِ رَجُلاَنِ فَقَالاَ إِنَّ هَذَا سَرَقَ دِرْعاً فَجَعَلَ اَلرَّجُلُ يُنَاشِدُهُ لَمَّا نَظَرَ فِي اَلْبَيِّنَةِ وَ جَعَلَ يَقُولُ وَ اَللَّهِ لَوْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ مَا قَطَعَ يَدِي أَبَداً قَالَ "وَ لِمَ" قَالَ كَانَ يُخْبِرُهُ رَبِّي عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنِّي بَرِيءٌ فَيُبَرِّئُنِي بِبَرَاءَتِي فَلَمَّا رَأَى عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ مُنَاشَدَتَهُ إِيَّاهُ دَعَا اَلشَّاهِدَيْنِ وَ قَالَ لَهُمَا "اِتَّقِيَا اَللَّهَ وَ لاَ تَقْطَعَا يَدَ اَلرَّجُلِ ظُلْماً" وَ نَاشَدَهُمَا ثُمَّ قَالَ "لِيَقْطَعْ أَحَدُكُمَا يَدَهُ وَ يُمْسِكَ اَلْآخَرُ يَدَهُ" فَلَمَّا تَقَدَّمَا إِلَى اَلْمِصْطَبَّةِ لِيَقْطَعَا يَدَهُ ضَرَبَا اَلنَّاسَ حَتَّى اِخْتَلَطُوا فَلَمَّا اِخْتَلَطُوا أَرْسَلاَ اَلرَّجُلَ فِي غُمَارِ اَلنَّاسِ وَ فَرَّا حَتَّى اِخْتَلَطَا بِالنَّاسِ فَجَاءَ اَلَّذِي شَهِدَا عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ يَا أَمِيرَ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ شَهِدَ عَلَيَّ اَلرَّجُلاَنِ ظُلْماً فَلَمَّا ضَرَبَا اَلنَّاسَ وَ اِخْتَلَطُوا أَرْسَلاَنِي وَ فَرَّا وَ لَوْ كَانَا صَادِقَيْنِ لَمَا فَرَّا وَ لَمْ يُرْسِلاَنِي فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "مَنْ يَدُلُّنِي عَلَى هَذَيْنِ اَلشَّاهِدَيْنِ أُنَكِّلْهُمَا".

Hadith.3257 - Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) judged in the case of a man who was brought by two others who said: "This man has stolen a coat of armor." The accused pleaded with Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) to examine the evidence carefully and said: "By Allah (swt), if the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) were here, he would never cut off my hand." Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) asked: "Why?" The man replied: "Because my Lord (azj), the Almighty, would have informed him of my innocence, and He (sw) would have declared me innocent based on that knowledge." When Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) saw how the man pleaded, Imam (as) called the two witnesses and said to them: "Fear Allah (swt), and do not have this man's hand cut off unjustly." Imam (as) continued to appeal to them and then said: "Let one of you cut off his hand while the other holds it." As they prepared to execute the sentence, they stirred the people, causing a commotion in the crowd. In the chaos, they released the accused man and fled, blending into the crowd. The accused man then returned and said: "O Commander of the Faithful, these two men testified against me falsely. When the crowd was stirred, they released me and fled. If they were truthful, they would neither have fled nor let me go." Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "Who can lead me to these two witnesses so that I may punish them?"

3258 - رَوَى اَلْأَصْبَغُ بْنُ نُبَاتَةَ عَنْ أَمِيرِ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : أَنَّهُ قَضَى "أَنْ يُحْجَرَ عَلَى اَلْغُلاَمِ اَلْمُفْسِدِ حَتَّى يَعْقِلَ" وَ قَضَى عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فِي اَلدَّيْنِ "أَنَّهُ يُحْبَسُ صَاحِبُهُ فَإِذَا تَبَيَّنَ إِفْلاَسُهُ وَ اَلْحَاجَةُ فَيُخَلَّى سَبِيلُهُ حَتَّى يَسْتَفِيدَ مَالاً" وَ قَضَى عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فِي اَلرَّجُلِ يَلْتَوِي عَلَى غُرَمَائِهِ "أَنَّهُ يُحْبَسُ ثُمَّ يُؤْمَرُ بِهِ فَيَقْسِمُ مَالَهُ بَيْنَ غُرَمَائِهِ بِالْحِصَصِ فَإِنْ أَبَى بَاعَهُ فَقَسَمَهُ بَيْنَهُمْ".

Hadith.3258 - Al-Asbagh ibn Nubatah narrated from Commander of the Faithful (as) that he ruled: "A corrupt young man should be placed under guardianship until he matures and becomes rational." Imam (as) also ruled regarding debt: "The debtor should be imprisoned. If his insolvency and need are proven, he is released until he acquires wealth." Imam (as) further ruled in the case of a man who evades his creditors: "He should be imprisoned, and then ordered to divide his wealth among his creditors proportionally. If he refuses, his property is sold, and the proceeds are distributed among them."

3259 - وَ سَأَلَ أَبُو أَيُّوبَ اَلْخَزَّازُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يُحِيلُ اَلرَّجُلَ بِالْمَالِ أَ يَرْجِعُ عَلَيْهِ قَالَ "لاَ يَرْجِعُ عَلَيْهِ أَبَداً إِلاَّ أَنْ يَكُونَ قَدْ أَفْلَسَ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ".

Hadith.3259 - Abu Ayyub al-Khazzaz asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a man who transfers his debt to another man. Imam (as) said: "He cannot revert the debt back to the original debtor under any circumstances, except if the transferee had already declared bankruptcy before the transfer."

3260 - رَوَى اَلسَّكُونِيُّ بِإِسْنَادِهِ قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "لاَ يَشْفَعَنَّ أَحَدُكُمْ فِي حَدٍّ إِذَا بَلَغَ اَلْإِمَامَ فَإِنَّهُ لاَ يَمْلِكُهُ فِيمَا يُشْفَعُ فِيهِ وَ مَا لَمْ يَبْلُغِ اَلْإِمَامَ فَإِنَّهُ يَمْلِكُهُ فَاشْفَعْ فِيمَا لَمْ يَبْلُغِ اَلْإِمَامَ إِذَا رَأَيْتَ اَلنَّدَمَ وَ اِشْفَعْ فِيمَا لَمْ يَبْلُغِ اَلْإِمَامَ فِي غَيْرِ اَلْحَدِّ مَعَ رُجُوعِ اَلْمَشْفُوعِ لَهُ وَ لاَ تَشْفَعْ فِي حَقِّ اِمْرِئٍ مُسْلِمٍ أَوْ غَيْرِهِ إِلاَّ بِإِذْنِهِ".

Hadith.3260 - Al-Sakuni narrated through his chain of transmission that Commander of the Faithful (as) said: "None of you should intercede in the enforcement of a legal punishment (hadd) once it has reached the Imam, for the Imam has no authority to waive it through intercession. However, before it reaches the Imam, it is still under the control of those involved, so intercede in cases that have not yet reached the Imam, if you see signs of remorse. Intercede in matters that have not reached the Imam, as long as they do not involve a legal punishment, and if the one being interceded for shows repentance. Do not intercede in the right of any Muslim-or anyone else-except with their permission."

3261 - رَوَى صَفْوَانُ بْنُ مِهْرَانَ عَنْ عَامِرِ بْنِ اَلسِّمْطِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ اَلْحُسَيْنِ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي اَلرَّجُلِ يَقَعُ عَلَى أُخْتِهِ قَالَ "يُضْرَبُ ضَرْبَةً بِالسَّيْفِ بَلَغَتْ مِنْهُ مَا بَلَغَتْ فَإِنْ عَاشَ خُلِّدَ فِي اَلْحَبْسِ حَتَّى يَمُوتَ".

Hadith.3261 - Safwan ibn Mihran narrated from Amir ibn al-Simt, from Imam Ali ibn Al-Hussain (as) regarding a man who commits intercourse with his sister. Imam (as) said: "He is struck with a sword, and whatever injury it causes will be his fate. If he survives, he is to be imprisoned for life until he dies."

3262 - وَ رَوَى اَلسَّكُونِيُّ بِإِسْنَادِهِ أَنَّ أَمِيرَ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : فِي رَجُلٍ أَمَرَ عَبْدَهُ أَنْ يَقْتُلَ رَجُلاً فَقَتَلَهُ قَالَ "هَلْ عَبْدُ اَلرَّجُلِ إِلاَّ كَسَوْطِهِ وَ سَيْفِهِ فَقُتِلَ اَلسَّيِّدُ وَ اُسْتُودِعَ اَلْعَبْدُ اَلسِّجْنَ ".

Hadith.3262 - Al-Sakuni narrated through his chain of transmission that Commander of the Faithful (as) said regarding a man who ordered his slave to kill another man, and the slave carried out the order: (Imam (as) said) "Is not the slave like his master's whip or sword?" Therefore, the master was executed, and the slave was imprisoned.

3263 - وَ رُفِعَ ثَلاَثَةُ نَفَرٍ إِلَى عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَمَّا وَاحِدٌ مِنْهُمْ أَمْسَكَ رَجُلاً وَ أَقْبَلَ اَلْآخَرُ فَقَتَلَهُ وَ اَلثَّالِثُ فِي اَلرُّؤْيَةِ يَرَاهُمْ فَقَضَى عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فِي اَلَّذِي فِي اَلرُّؤْيَةِ أَنْ تُسْمَلَ عَيْنَاهُ وَ قَضَى فِي اَلَّذِي أَمْسَكَ أَنْ يُحْبَسَ حَتَّى يَمُوتَ كَمَا أَمْسَكَهُ وَ قَضَى فِي اَلَّذِي قَتَلَ أَنْ يُقْتَلَ.

Hadith.3263 - Three men were brought before Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as). One of them had restrained a man, the second came and killed him, and the third stood watching the act. Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) ruled: "The one who stood watching should have his eyes gouged out, The one who restrained the victim should be imprisoned until he dies, just as he had restrained the victim, and the one who committed the murder should be executed."