Man Lā Yaḥḍuruh al-Faqīh

3264 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ حَرِيزٍ أَنَّ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "لاَ يُخَلَّدُ فِي اَلسِّجْنِ إِلاَّ ثَلاَثَةٌ اَلَّذِي يُمْسِكُ عَلَى اَلْمَوْتِ يَحْفَظُهُ حَتَّى يُقْتَلَ وَ اَلْمَرْأَةُ اَلْمُرْتَدَّةُ عَنِ اَلْإِسْلاَمِ وَ اَلسَّارِقُ بَعْدَ قَطْعِ اَلْيَدِ وَ اَلرِّجْلِ ".

Hadith.3264 - In the narration of Hammad from Hariz, Abu Abdillah (as) said: "No one is sentenced to life imprisonment except for three: the one who is held for murder and is kept until he is executed, the woman who apostasizes from Islam, and the thief after his hand and foot have been amputated."

3265 - وَ رَوَى عَبْدُ اَللَّهِ بْنُ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ : "عَلَى اَلْإِمَامِ أَنْ يُخْرِجَ اَلْمَحْبُوسِينَ فِي اَلدَّيْنِ، يَوْمَ اَلْجُمُعَةِ إِلَى اَلْجُمُعَةِ وَ يَوْمَ اَلْعِيدِ إِلَى اَلْعِيدِ فَيُرْسِلَ مَعَهُمْ فَإِذَا قَضَوُا اَلصَّلاَةَ وَ اَلْعِيدَ رَدَّهُمْ إِلَى اَلسِّجْنِ".

Hadith.3265 - Abdullah ibn Sinan narrated from Abu Abdillah (as) that he said: "It is the duty of the Imam to bring out those imprisoned for debt on Fridays and for Eid prayers. He should send someone to accompany them, and once they have completed the prayer and the Eid rituals, they should be returned to prison."

3266 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ اَلْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ : "يَجِبُ عَلَى اَلْإِمَامِ أَنْ يَحْبِسَ اَلْفُسَّاقَ مِنَ اَلْعُلَمَاءِ وَ اَلْجُهَّالَ مِنَ اَلْأَطِبَّاءِ وَ اَلْمَفَالِيسَ مِنَ اَلْأَكْرِيَاءِ" وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "حَبْسُ اَلْإِمَامِ بَعْدَ اَلْحَدِّ ظُلْمٌ".

Hadith.3266 - In the narration of Ahmad ibn Abi Abdillah al-Barqi, Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "It is obligatory upon the Imam to imprison the corrupt among the scholars, the ignorant among the physicians, and the bankrupt among those who rent out property." And Imam (as) also said: "Imprisonment by the Imam after the implementation of the legal punishment is oppression."

3267 - قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : "اَلْبَيِّنَةُ عَلَى اَلْمُدَّعِي وَ اَلْيَمَيِنُ عَلَى اَلْمُدَّعَى عَلَيْهِ وَ اَلصُّلْحُ جَائِزٌ بَيْنَ اَلْمُسْلِمِينَ إِلاَّ صُلْحاً أَحَلَّ حَرَاماً أَوْ حَرَّمَ حَلاَلاً ".

Hadith.3267 - The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) said: "The burden of proof is upon the claimant, and the oath is upon the one who denies the claim. Reconciliation is permissible among Muslims, except for a reconciliation that makes something unlawful (to be) lawful, or makes something lawful (to be) unlawful."

3268 - وَ رَوَى اَلْعَلاَءُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : فِي رَجُلَيْنِ كَانَ لِكُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا طَعَامٌ عِنْدَ صَاحِبِهِ وَ لاَ يَدْرِي كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا كَمْ لَهُ عِنْدَ صَاحِبِهِ فَقَالَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا لِصَاحِبِهِ لَكَ مَا عِنْدَكَ وَ لِي مَا عِنْدِي فَقَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ إِذَا تَرَاضَيَا وَ طَابَتْ أَنْفُسُهُمَا".

Hadith.3268 - Al-Ala' narrated from Muhammad ibn Muslim, who reported from Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) regarding two men, each of whom had some food stored with the other, but neither knew exactly how much he had with his companion. They said to each other, "You keep what is with you, and I will keep what is with me." Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in that if they both agree and are content with the arrangement."

3269 - وَ رَوَى عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي اَلْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ رَجُلٌ يَهُودِيٌّ أَوْ نَصْرَانِيٌّ كَانَتْ لَهُ عِنْدِي أَرْبَعَةُ آلاَفِ دِرْهَمٍ فَمَاتَ أَ لِي أَنْ أُصَالِحَ وَرَثَتَهُ وَ لاَ أُعْلِمَهُمْ كَمْ كَانَ قَالَ "لاَ يَجُوزُ حَتَّى تُخْبِرَهُمْ".

Hadith.3269 - Ali ibn Abi Hamzah said: I asked Abu al-Hasan (as) about a Jewish or Christian man who had a debt of four thousand dirhams with me, and he died. I asked: "Is it lawful for me to settle with his heirs without informing them of the exact amount?" Imam (as) said: "It is not permissible until you inform them."

3270 - وَ رَوَى أَبَانٌ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي اَلرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ عَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ إِلَى أَجَلٍ مُسَمًّى فَيَأْتِيهِ غَرِيمُهُ وَ يَقُولُ لَهُ اُنْقُدْ لِي مِنَ اَلَّذِي لِي كَذَا وَ كَذَا وَ أَضَعُ لَكَ بَقِيَّتَهُ أَوْ يَقُولُ اُنْقُدْ لِي بَعْضاً وَ أَمُدُّ لَكَ فِي اَلْأَجَلِ فِيمَا بَقِيَ فَقَالَ "لاَ أَرَى بِهِ بَأْساً مَا لَمْ يَزِدْ عَلَى رَأْسِ مَالِهِ شَيْئاً يَقُولُ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: ۝ فَلَكُمْ رُؤُسُ أَمْوٰالِكُمْ لاٰ تَظْلِمُونَ وَ لاٰ تُظْلَمُونَ ۝ ".

Hadith.3270 - Aban narrated from Muhammad ibn Muslim, who reported from Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) regarding a man who owes a debt with a specified due date. The creditor comes to him and says, "Pay me such-and-such amount from what you owe, and I will waive the rest," or says, "Pay me a part now, and I will extend the deadline for the remainder." Imam (as) said: "I see no harm in it, as long as nothing is added to the principal amount." Allah (swt), the Almighty, says: 'Then you shall have your principal; you shall not wrong, nor shall you be wronged.' (Surah Al-Baqarah, 2:279)"

3271 - وَ رَوَى حَمَّادٌ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي اَلرَّجُلِ يُعْطِي أَقْفِزَةً مِنْ حِنْطَةٍ مَعْلُومَةٍ يَطْحَنُونَ بِالدَّرَاهِمِ فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ اَلطَّحَّانُ مِنْ طَحْنِهِ نَقَدَهُ اَلدَّرَاهِمَ وَ قَفِيزاً مِنْهُ وَ هُوَ شَيْءٌ قَدِ اِصْطَلَحُوا عَلَيْهِ فِيمَا بَيْنَهُمْ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ سَاعَرَهُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ".

Hadith.3271 - Hammad narrated from al-Halabi, who reported from Abu Abdillah (as) regarding a man who gives a specific amount of wheat to a miller to grind for a fee in dirhams. After the milling is completed, the man pays the miller the agreed dirhams along with a portion of the ground wheat, as this is a customary practice among them. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it, even if they did not previously agree on this arrangement."

3272 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنِ اَلْعَلاَءِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَقُولُ : "إِنِّي كُنْتُ عِنْدَ قَاضٍ مِنْ قُضَاةِ اَلْمَدِينَةِ فَأَتَاهُ رَجُلاَنِ فَقَالَ أَحَدُهُمَا إِنِّي اِكْتَرَيْتُ مِنْ هَذَا دَابَّةً لِيُبَلِّغَنِي عَلَيْهَا مِنْ كَذَا وَ كَذَا إِلَى كَذَا وَ كَذَا فَلَمْ يُبَلِّغْنِي اَلْمَوْضِعَ فَقَالَ اَلْقَاضِي لِصَاحِبِ اَلدَّابَّةِ بَلَّغْتَهُ إِلَى اَلْمَوْضِعِ قَالَ لاَ قَدْ أَعْيَتْ دَابَّتِي فَلَمْ تَبْلُغْ فَقَالَ لَهُ اَلْقَاضِي لَيْسَ لَكَ كِرَاءٌ إِذْ لَمْ تُبَلِّغْهُ إِلَى اَلْمَوْضِعِ اَلَّذِي اِكْتَرَى دَابَّتَكَ إِلَيْهِ" قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "فَدَعَوْتُهُمَا إِلَيَّ فَقُلْتُ لِلَّذِي اِكْتَرَى لَيْسَ لَكَ يَا عَبْدَ اَللَّهِ أَنْ تَذْهَبَ بِكِرَاءِ دَابَّةِ اَلرَّجُلِ كُلِّهِ وَ قُلْتُ لِلْآخَرِ يَا عَبْدَ اَللَّهِ لَيْسَ لَكَ أَنْ تَأْخُذَ كِرَاءَ دَابَّتِكَ كُلَّهُ وَ لَكِنِ اُنْظُرْ قَدْرَ مَا بَقِيَ مِنَ اَلْمَوْضِعِ وَ قَدْرَ مَا رَكِبْتَهُ فَاصْطَلِحَا عَلَيْهِ " فَفَعَلاَ.

Hadith.3272 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from al-Ala', who reported from Muhammad ibn Muslim: I heard Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) say: "I was once with a judge in Medina when two men approached him. One of them said: 'I hired this man's animal to take me from such-and-such place to such-and-such place, but it did not reach the destination.' The judge asked the owner of the animal, 'Did you take him to the place he hired you for?' He replied: 'No, my animal became exhausted and could not complete the journey.' The judge then said to the owner of the animal, 'You are not entitled to any fare since you did not deliver him to the destination he hired your animal for.'" Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) said: "I called both of them to me and said to the hirer, 'You are not entitled to take back all the fare you paid for the animal.' And I said to the owner, 'You are not entitled to take the full fare for your animal.' Instead, I told them, 'Consider how much of the journey remains and how much of it has been completed. Then come to a mutual agreement about the fare based on that.' So they did as I instructed and settled the matter."

3273 - وَ رَوَى مَنْصُورُ بْنُ يُونُسَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ قَالَ : كُنْتُ قَاعِداً عِنْدَ قَاضٍ وَ عِنْدَهُ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ جَالِسٌ فَأَتَاهُ رَجُلاَنِ فَقَالَ أَحَدُهُمَا إِنِّي تَكَارَيْتُ إِبِلَ هَذَا اَلرَّجُلِ لِيَحْمِلَ لِي مَتَاعاً إِلَى بَعْضِ اَلْمَعَادِنِ فَاشْتَرَطْتُ أَنْ يُدْخِلَنِي اَلْمَعْدِنَ يَوْمَ كَذَا وَ كَذَا لِأَنَّ بِهَا سُوقاً أَتَخَوَّفُ أَنْ يَفُوتَنِي فَإِنِ اُحْتُبِسْتُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ حَطَطْتُ مِنَ اَلْكِرَاءِ عَنْ كُلِّ يَوْمٍ اِحْتَبَسْتُهُ كَذَا وَ كَذَا وَ إِنَّهُ حَبَسَنِي عَنْ ذَلِكَ اَلْوَقْتِ كَذَا وَ كَذَا يَوْماً فَقَالَ اَلْقَاضِي هَذَا شَرْطٌ فَاسِدٌ وَفِّهِ كِرَاهُ فَلَمَّا قَامَ اَلرَّجُلُ أَقْبَلَ إِلَيَّ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ وَ قَالَ "شَرْطُهُ هَذَا جَائِزٌ مَا لَمْ يَحُطَّ بِجَمِيعِ كِرَاهُ".

Hadith.3273 - Mansur ibn Yunus narrated from Muhammad al-Halabi: I was sitting with a judge, and Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) was also present. Two men approached the judge. One of them said: "I hired this man's camels to transport my goods to a certain mine. I stipulated that he must get me there on a specific day because there is a market there, and I feared missing it. I also stipulated that if I was delayed, I would deduct a specific amount from the fare for each day of the delay. However, he delayed me for several days beyond the agreed time." The judge said: "This condition is invalid. Pay him his full fare." When the man left, Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) turned to me and said: "His condition is valid as long as he does not deduct the entire fare."