Man Lā Yaḥḍuruh al-Faqīh

5739 - وَ رَوَى عَلِيُّ بْنُ مَهْزِيَارَ عَنْ فَضَالَةَ عَنْ أَبَانٍ عَنِ اَلْفَضْلِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اَلْمَلِكِ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلْمَمْلُوكِ وَ اَلْمَمْلُوكَةِ هَلْ يَحْجُبَانِ إِذَا لَمْ يَرِثَا قَالَ "لاَ".

Hadith.5739 - Ali ibn Mahziyar narrated from Fadalah from Aban from Al-Fadl ibn Abd Al-Malik who said: I asked Abu Abdullah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) about a male and female slave - do they prevent others from inheriting if they themselves do not inherit? Imam (as) replied: "No."

5740 - رَوَى يُونُسُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اَلرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لَهُ مُكَاتَبٌ اِشْتَرَى نَفْسَهُ وَ خَلَّفَ مَالاً قِيمَتُهُ مِائَةُ أَلْفِ دِرْهَمٍ وَ لاَ وَارِثَ لَهُ مَنْ يَرِثُهُ فَقَالَ "يَرِثُهُ مَنْ يَلِي جَرِيرَتَهُ" قُلْتُ وَ مَنِ اَلضَّامِنُ لِجَرِيرَتِهِ قَالَ "اَلضَّامِنُ لِجَرَائِرِ اَلْمُسْلِمِينَ ".

Hadith.5740 - Yunus ibn Abd Al-Rahman narrated from Abdullah ibn Sinan who said: I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a mukatab (a slave who had entered into a contract for his freedom) who purchased his freedom and left behind wealth valued at one hundred thousand dirhams, with no heir to inherit from him. Imam (as) said: "The one who is responsible for his liability (jarirah) inherits from him." I asked: "And who is responsible for his liability?" Imam (as) replied: "The one responsible for the liabilities of the Muslims."

5741 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "أَنَّ رَجُلاً كَاتَبَ مَمْلُوكَهُ وَ اِشْتَرَطَ عَلَيْهِ أَنَّ مِيرَاثَهُ لَهُ فَرَفَعَ ذَلِكَ إِلَى أَمِيرِ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَأَبْطَلَ شَرْطَهُ وَ قَالَ "شَرْطُ اَللَّهُ قَبْلَ شَرْطِكَ" ".

Hadith.5741 - In the narration of Muhammad ibn Abi Umayr from some of our companions from Abu Abdullah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as): "A man entered into a kitabah (contract of manumission) with his slave and stipulated that the slave's inheritance would belong to him. This matter was presented to the Commander of the Faithful (as), who invalidated the condition and said: 'The condition of Allah (swt) takes precedence over your condition.'"

5742 - وَ رَوَى عَاصِمُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "قَضَى أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فِي مُكَاتَبٍ مَاتَ وَ لَهُ مَالٌ فَقَالَ "يُحْسَبُ مَالُهُ بِقَدْرِ مَا أُعْتِقَ مِنْهُ لِوَرَثَتِهِ وَ بِقَدْرِ مَا لَمْ يُعْتَقْ يُحْسَبُ لِأَرْبَابِهِ اَلَّذِينَ كَاتَبُوهُ مِنْ مَالِهِ" ".

Hadith.5742 - Asim ibn Humaid narrated from Muhammad ibn Qays from Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) who said: "The Commander of the Faithful (as) ruled regarding a mukatab (a slave under a contract for freedom) who died and had wealth. Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: 'His wealth should be divided in proportion to what part of him had been freed for his heirs, and the portion that was not yet freed should be calculated for his masters who had entered into the contract with him from his wealth.'"

5743 - وَ رَوَى صَفْوَانُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مَنْصُورِ بْنِ حَازِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "اَلْمُكَاتَبُ يَرِثُ وَ يُورَثُ عَلَى قَدْرِ مَا أَدَّى".

Hadith.5743 - Safwan ibn Yahya narrated from Mansur ibn Hazim from Abu Abdullah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) who said: "A mukatab (a slave under a contract for freedom) inherits and is inherited from according to the proportion of what he has paid off."

5744 - وَ رَوَى أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ اَلْبَزَنْطِيُّ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَلْحَمِيدِ بْنِ عَوَّاضٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : فِي اَلْمُكَاتَبِ يُكَاتَبُ فَيُؤَدِّي بَعْضَ مُكَاتَبَتِهِ ثُمَّ يَمُوتُ وَ يَتْرُكُ اِبْناً وَ يَتْرُكُ مَالاً أَكْثَرَ مِمَّا عَلَيْهِ مِنَ اَلْمُكَاتَبَةِ قَالَ "يُوفَى مَوَالِيهِ مَا بَقِيَ مِنْ مُكَاتَبَتِهِ وَ مَا بَقِيَ فَلِوَلَدِهِ".

Hadith.5744 - Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Nasr Al-Bazanti narrated that Muhammad ibn Samaah reported from Abd Al-Hamid ibn Awad from Muhammad ibn Muslim from Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) who said regarding a mukatab (a slave under a contract for freedom) who had entered into a contract, paid part of it, and then died, leaving behind a son and wealth greater than what remained of his owed payment. Imam (as) said: "His masters should be paid the remaining amount of his contract, and whatever remains after that belongs to his son."

الْمَجُوسُ يَرِثُونَ بِالنَّسَبِ وَ لَا يَرِثُونَ بِالنِّكَاحِ الْفَاسِدِ فَإِنْ مَاتَ مَجُوسِيٌّ وَ تَرَكَ أُمَّهُ وَ هِيَ أُخْتُهُ وَ هِيَ امْرَأَتُهُ فَالْمَالُ لَهَا مِنْ قِبَلِ أَنَّهَا أُمٌّ وَ لَيْسَ لَهَا مِنْ قِبَلِ أَنَّهَا أُخْتٌ وَ أَنَّهَا زَوْجَةٌ شَيْ‌ءٌ.

The Magians (Zoroastrians) inherit through blood relations but not through invalid marriage. So, if a Magian man dies and leaves behind his mother, who is also his sister and his wife, the inheritance goes to her because she is his mother. However, she does not inherit anything by virtue of being his sister or his wife.

5758 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ اَلْكُوفِيُّ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ عِمْرَانَ اَلنَّخَعِيِّ عَنْ عَمِّهِ اَلْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ كَيْفَ صَارَ اَلْمِيرَاثُ "لِلذَّكَرِ مِثْلُ حَظِّ اَلْأُنْثَيَيْنِ" فَقَالَ "لِأَنَّ اَلْحَبَّاتِ اَلَّتِي أَكَلَهَا آدَمُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ وَ حَوَّاءُ فِي اَلْجَنَّةِ كَانَتْ ثَمَانِيَ عَشْرَةَ حَبَّةً أَكَلَ آدَمُ مِنْهَا اِثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَةَ حَبَّةً وَ أَكَلَتْ حَوَّاءُ سِتّاً فَلِذَلِكَ صَارَ اَلْمِيرَاثُ "لِلذَّكَرِ مِثْلُ حَظِّ اَلْأُنْثَيَيْنِ" ".

Hadith.5758 - Muhammad ibn Abi Abdullah Al-Kufi narrated from Musa ibn ʿImran Al-Nakhaʿi from his uncle Al-Husayn ibn Yazid from Ali ibn Salim from his father, who said: "I asked Abu Abdullah (as), 'Why is the inheritance for the male equal to the share of two females?' Imam (as) replied: 'Because the grains that Adam (as) and Hawwaʾ ate in Paradise were eighteen grains. Adam ate twelve of them, and Hawwaʾ ate six. For this reason, the inheritance is for the male equal to the share of two females.'"

5745 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ اَلسَّكُونِيِّ : "أَنَّ عَلِيّاً عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ كَانَ يُوَرِّثُ اَلْمَجُوسِيَّ إِذَا تَزَوَّجَ بِأُمِّهِ وَ بِأُخْتِهِ وَ بِابْنَتِهِ مِنْ وَجْهَيْنِ مِنْ وَجْهِ أَنَّهَا أُمُّهُ وَ مِنْ وَجْهِ أَنَّهَا زَوْجَتُهُ".

Hadith.5745 - In the narration of Al-Sakuni: " Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) used to grant inheritance to a Magian who married his mother, sister, or daughter from two aspects - one being that she was his mother, and the other that she was his wife."

5746 - رَوَى حَمَّادُ بْنُ عِيسَى عَنْ رِبْعِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "إِذَا مَاتَ اَلرَّجُلُ فَسَيْفُهُ وَ مُصْحَفُهُ وَ خَاتَمُهُ وَ كُتُبُهُ وَ رَحْلُهُ وَ كِسْوَتُهُ لِأَكْبَرِ وُلْدِهِ فَإِنْ كَانَ اَلْأَكْبَرُ اِبْنَةً فَلِلْأَكْبَرِ مِنَ اَلذُّكُورِ ".

Hadith.5746 - Hammad ibn Isa narrated from Rabiʿ ibn Abdullah from Abu Abdullah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) who said: "When a man dies, his sword, his Qur'an, his ring, his books, his saddle, and his clothing belong to his eldest child. If the eldest is a daughter, then they belong to the eldest of the sons."