Man Lā Yaḥḍuruh al-Faqīh

5561 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ اَلْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ أَبِي اَلْخَطَّابِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ حَبِيبٍ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ كَانَتْ لَهُ عِنْدِي دَنَانِيرُ وَ كَانَ مَرِيضاً فَقَالَ لِي إِنْ حَدَثَ بِي حَدَثٌ فَأَعْطِ فُلاَناً عِشْرِينَ دِينَاراً وَ أَعْطِ أُخْتِي بَقِيَّةَ اَلدَّنَانِيرِ فَمَاتَ وَ لَمْ أَشْهَدْ مَوْتَهُ فَأَتَى رَجُلٌ مُسْلِمٌ صَادِقٌ فَقَالَ لِي إِنَّهُ أَمَرَنِي أَنْ أَقُولَ لَكَ اُنْظُرْ إِلَى اَلدَّنَانِيرِ اَلَّتِي أَمَرْتُكَ أَنْ تَدْفَعَهَا إِلَى أُخْتِي فَتَصَدَّقْ مِنْهَا بِعَشَرَةِ دَنَانِيرَ اِقْسِمْهَا فِي اَلْمُسْلِمِينَ وَ لَمْ تَعْلَمْ أُخْتُهُ أَنَّ عِنْدِي شَيْئاً فَقَالَ "أَرَى أَنْ تَصَدَّقَ مِنْهَا بِعَشَرَةِ دَنَانِيرَ كَمَا قَالَ".

Hadith.5561 - Muhammad ibn Al-Husayn ibn Abi Al-Khattab narrated from Abdullah ibn Habib from Ishaq ibn Ammar from Abu Abdullah (as), who said: I asked Imam (as) about a man who had dinars with me and was ill. He said to me, "If something happens to me, give so-and-so twenty dinars and give the remainder of the dinars to my sister." The man passed away, and I was not present at his death. Then, a truthful Muslim man came to me and said: "He instructed me to tell you: Look at the dinars I told you to give to my sister and give ten of them in charity, distributing them among the Muslims." His sister was unaware that I had anything of his. Imam (as) said: "I see that you should give ten dinars in charity as he instructed."

5562 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ عَمَّارِ بْنِ مَرْوَانَ عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ بْنِ مِهْرَانَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي قَوْلِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ ۝ اَلْوَصِيَّةُ لِلْوٰالِدَيْنِ وَ اَلْأَقْرَبِينَ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ حَقًّا عَلَى اَلْمُتَّقِينَ ۝ قَالَ "هُوَ شَيْءٌ جَعَلَهُ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لِصَاحِبِ هَذَا اَلْأَمْرِ " قُلْتُ فَهَلْ لِذَلِكَ حَدٌّ قَالَ "نَعَمْ" قَالَ قُلْتُ وَ مَا هُوَ قَالَ "أَدْنَى مَا يَكُونُ ثُلُثُ اَلثُّلُثِ".

Hadith.5562 - Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Yahya narrated from Muhammad ibn Isa from Muhammad ibn Sinan from Ammar ibn Marwan from Sama'ah ibn Mehran from Abu Abdullah (as), regarding the saying of Allah (swt), the Almighty and Glorious: "The will is for the parents and close relatives in a fair manner; it is an obligation upon the righteous" (Surah Al-Baqarah 2:180). Imam (as) said: "This is something that Allah (swt), the Almighty and Glorious, has designated for the one who holds this matter (referring to the rightful authority)." I asked: "Is there a set limit for this?" Imam (as) replied: "Yes." I asked: "What is it?" Imam (as) said: "The minimum is one-third of one-third."

5563 - وَ رَوَى يُونُسُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اَلرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ اَلنُّعْمَانِ عَنِ اَلْفُضَيْلِ مَوْلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "أَشْهَدَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ عَلَى وَصِيَّتِهِ إِلَى عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَرْبَعَةً مِنْ عُظَمَاءِ اَلْمَلاَئِكَةِ، جَبْرَئِيلَ وَ مِيكَائِيلَ وَ إِسْرَافِيلَ وَ آخَرَ لَمْ أَحْفَظِ اِسْمَهُ".

Hadith.5563 - Yunus ibn Abd Al-Rahman narrated from Dawud ibn Al-Nu'man from Al-Fudayl, the servant of Abu Abdullah (as), from Abu Abdullah (as), who said: "The Messenger of Allah (swt), peace and blessings be upon him and his family, had four of the great angels witness his will to Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as), peace be upon him: Jibril, Mika'il, Israfil, and another whose name I do not remember."

5564 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ اَلْكُلَيْنِيُّ رَضِيَ اَللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَنْ حُمَيْدِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنِ اِبْنِ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ دَاوُدَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِي اَلْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لَهُ إِنَّ رَجُلاً مِنْ مَوَالِيكَ مَاتَ وَ تَرَكَ وُلْداً صِغَاراً وَ تَرَكَ شَيْئاً وَ عَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ وَ لَيْسَ يَعْلَمُ بِهِ اَلْغُرَمَاءُ فَإِنْ قُضِيَ لِغُرَمَائِهِ بَقِيَ وُلْدُهُ لَيْسَ لَهُمْ شَيْءٌ فَقَالَ "أَنْفِقْهُ عَلَى وُلْدِهِ".

Hadith.5564 - Muhammad ibn Ya'qub Al-Kulayni, may Allah (swt) be pleased with him, narrated from Humayd ibn Ziyad from Ibn Sama'ah from Sulayman ibn Dawud from Ali ibn Abi Hamzah from Abu Al-Hasan (as), peace be upon him, who said: I said to Imam (as): "One of your followers passed away, leaving behind young children and some wealth, but he also had a debt that his creditors are unaware of. If the debt is paid, nothing will remain for his children." Imam (as) said: "Spend it on his children."

5565 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ اَلْحَكَمِ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يُدَبِّرُ مَمْلُوكَهُ أَ لَهُ أَنْ يَرْجِعَ فِيهِ فَقَالَ "نَعَمْ هُوَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ اَلْوَصِيَّةِ".

Hadith.5565 - Muhammad ibn Abi Umayr narrated from Hisham ibn Al-Hakam, who said: I asked Imam (as) about a man who designates his slave for emancipation after his death (mudabbar). Can he revoke this decision? Imam (as) said: "Yes, it is like a will."

5566 - وَ رَوَى عَلِيُّ بْنُ اَلْحَكَمِ عَنْ زِيَادِ بْنِ أَبِي اَلْحَلاَّلِ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ هَلْ أَوْصَى إِلَى اَلْحَسَنِ وَ اَلْحُسَيْنِ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ مَعَ أَمِيرِ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ "نَعَمْ" قُلْتُ وَ هُمَا فِي ذَلِكَ اَلسِّنِّ قَالَ "نَعَمْ وَ لاَ يَكُونُ لِسِوَاهُمَا فِي أَقَلَّ مِنْ خَمْسِ سِنِينَ".

Hadith.5566 - Ali ibn Al-Hakam narrated from Ziyad ibn Abi Al-Hallal, who said: I asked Abu Abdullah (as), whether the Messenger of Allah (swt), peace and blessings be upon him and his family, had appointed Al-Hasan (as) and Al-Hussain (as), peace be upon them both, along with the Commander of the Faithful (as), peace be upon him, in his will. Imam (as) replied: "Yes." I asked: "Even though they were at that young age?" Imam (as) said: "Yes, and this would not be for anyone else under the age of five."

5567 - كَتَبَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ اَلْحَسَنِ اَلصَّفَّارُ رَضِيَ اَللَّهُ عَنْهُ إِلَى أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ اَلْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي اَلْوُقُوفِ وَ مَا رُوِيَ فِيهَا عَنْ آبَائِهِ عَلَيْهِمُ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَوَقَّعَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "اَلْوُقُوفُ تَكُونُ عَلَى حَسَبِ مَا يُوقِفُهَا أَهْلُهَا إِنْ شَاءَ اَللَّهُ تَعَالَى".

Hadith.5567 - Muhammad ibn Al-Hasan Al-Saffar, may Allah (swt) be pleased with him, wrote to Abu Muhammad Imam Hasan ibn Ali Al-Askari (as), peace be upon him, regarding endowments (awqaf) and what has been narrated about them from his forefathers (as), peace be upon them. Imam (as) replied: "Endowments are to be managed according to how their owners have designated them, if Allah (swt), the Exalted, wills."

5568 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى اَلْيَقْطِينِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ عَنْ أَبِي اَلْحُسَيْنِ قَالَ كَتَبْتُ إِلَى أَبِي اَلْحَسَنِ اَلثَّالِثِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : أَنِّي وَقَفْتُ أَرْضاً عَلَى وُلْدِي وَ فِي حِجٍّ وَ وُجُوهِ بِرٍّ وَ لَكَ فِيهِ حَقٌّ بَعْدِي وَ لِمَنْ بَعْدَكَ وَ قَدْ أَزَلْتُهَا عَنْ ذَلِكَ اَلْمَجْرَى فَقَالَ "أَنْتَ فِي حِلٍّ وَ مُوَسَّعٌ لَكَ".

Hadith.5568 - Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Yahya narrated from Muhammad ibn Isa Al-Yaqtini from Ali ibn Mahziyar from Abu Al-Husayn, who said: "I wrote to Abu Al-Hasan Al-Thalith (the third), peace be upon him, saying: "I have endowed a piece of land for my children, for Hajj, and for acts of charity, and I also designated a right in it for you after me and for those who come after you. However, I have now revoked that arrangement." Imam (as) replied: "You are absolved, and it has been made permissible and expanded for you."

5569 - وَ رَوَى عَلِيُّ بْنُ مَهْزِيَارَ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لَهُ رَوَى بَعْضُ مَوَالِيكَ عَنْ آبَائِكَ عَلَيْهِمُ اَلسَّلاَمُ "أَنَّ كُلَّ وَقْفٍ إِلَى وَقْتٍ مَعْلُومٍ فَهُوَ وَاجِبٌ عَلَى اَلْوَرَثَةِ وَ كُلَّ وَقْفٍ إِلَى غَيْرِ وَقْتٍ جَهْلٌ مَجْهُولٌ بَاطِلٌ مَرْدُودٌ عَلَى اَلْوَرَثَةِ" وَ أَنْتَ أَعْلَمُ بِقَوْلِ آبَائِكَ عَلَيْكَ وَ عَلَيْهِمُ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَكَتَبَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "هُوَ هَكَذَا عِنْدِي".

Hadith.5569 - Ali ibn Mahziyar narrated that he said: I asked Imam (as): "Some of your followers have narrated from your forefathers, peace be upon them, that every endowment (waqf) specified for a known period is binding upon the heirs, but any endowment without a specified period is unclear, invalid, and rejected by the heirs. You (as) are more knowledgeable about the sayings of your forefathers, peace be upon them." Imam (as) wrote in response: "It is as you have mentioned according to my understanding."

5570 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنِ اَلْعُبَيْدِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ رُشَيْدٍ قَالَ : كَتَبْتُ إِلَيْهِ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ لَيْسَ لِي وَلَدٌ وَ لِي ضِيَاعٌ وَرِثْتُهَا عَنْ أَبِي وَ بَعْضُهَا اِسْتَفَدْتُهَا وَ لاَ آمَنُ مِنَ اَلْحَدَثَانِ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لِي وَلَدٌ وَ حَدَثَ بِي حَدَثٌ فَمَا تَرَى جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ أَنْ أَقِفَ بَعْضَهَا عَلَى فُقَرَاءِ إِخْوَانِي وَ اَلْمُسْتَضْعَفِينَ أَوْ أَبِيعَهَا وَ أَتَصَدَّقَ بِثَمَنِهَا فِي حَيَاتِي عَلَيْهِمْ فَإِنِّي أَتَخَوَّفُ أَنْ لاَ يُنْفَذَ اَلْوَقْفُ بَعْدَ مَوْتِي فَإِنْ وَقَفْتُهَا فِي حَيَاتِي فَلِي أَنْ آكُلَ مِنْهَا أَيَّامَ حَيَاتِي أَمْ لاَ فَكَتَبَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "فَهِمْتُ كِتَابَكَ فِي أَمْرِ ضِيَاعِكَ وَ لَيْسَ لَكَ أَنْ تَأْكُلَ مِنْهَا وَ لاَ مِنَ اَلصَّدَقَةِ فَإِنْ أَنْتَ أَكَلْتَ مِنْهَا لَمْ يُنْفَذْ إِنْ كَانَ لَكَ وَرَثَةٌ فَبِعْ وَ تَصَدَّقْ بِبَعْضِ ثَمَنِهَا فِي حَيَاتِكَ فَإِنْ تَصَدَّقْتَ أَمْسَكْتَ لِنَفْسِكَ مَا يَقُوتُكَ مِثْلَ مَا صَنَعَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ ".

Hadith.5570 - Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Yahya narrated from Al-Ubaydi from Ali ibn Sulayman ibn Rushayd, who said: I wrote to Imam (as) - may I be your sacrifice - saying, "I have no children, and I possess estates that I inherited from my father and some that I acquired myself. I do not feel secure from unforeseen events. If I remain childless and something happens to me, what do you advise - may I be your sacrifice - should I dedicate some of these properties as endowments for my poor brothers and the weak, or should I sell them and give the proceeds in charity to them during my lifetime? I fear that the endowment might not be carried out after my death. If I establish the endowment during my lifetime, am I allowed to benefit from it for my living expenses or not?" Imam (as) replied: "I have understood your letter concerning your estates. You are not permitted to consume from them or from the charity. If you consume from them, the endowment will not be executed, especially if you have heirs. Therefore, sell and give some of its proceeds in charity during your lifetime. If you choose to give in charity, keep for yourself what suffices for your needs, just as the Commander of the Faithful (as), peace be upon him, did."