Man Lā Yaḥḍuruh al-Faqīh

3393 - وَ رَوَى زُرْعَةُ عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "إِنَّ رَجُلَيْنِ اِخْتَصَمَا إِلَى عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فِي دَابَّةٍ فَزَعَمَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا أَنَّهَا نُتِجَتْ عَلَى مِذْوَدِهِ وَ أَقَامَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا بَيِّنَةً سَوَاءً فِي اَلْعَدَدِ فَأَقْرَعَ بَيْنَهُمَا سَهْمَيْنِ فَعَلَّمَ اَلسَّهْمَيْنِ عَلَى كُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا بِعَلاَمَةٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ " اَللَّهُمَّ رَبَّ اَلسَّمَاوَاتِ اَلسَّبْعِ وَ رَبَّ اَلْأَرَضِينَ اَلسَّبْعِ وَ رَبَّ اَلْعَرْشِ اَلْعَظِيمِ عَالِمَ اَلْغَيْبِ وَ اَلشَّهَادَةِ اَلرَّحْمَنَ اَلرَّحِيمَ أَيُّهُمَا كَانَ صَاحِبَ اَلدَّابَّةِ وَ هُوَ أَوْلَى بِهَا فَأَسْأَلُكَ أَنْ تُخْرِجَ سَهْمَهُ " فَخَرَجَ سَهْمُ أَحَدِهِمَا فَقَضَى لَهُ بِهَا".

Hadith.3393 - Zur'ah narrated from Sama'ah, who said that Abu Abdillah (as) said: "Two men disputed before Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) over a beast, each claiming that it was born in his stable. Both presented equal evidence in number. So, Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) drew lots between them. He marked the two lots with distinct signs for each claimant, and then said: 'O Allah (swt), Lord (azj) of the seven heavens and the seven earths, and Lord (azj) of the Great Throne, Knower of the unseen and the seen, the Most Merciful, the Most Compassionate-whichever of these two is the rightful owner of the beast and has the stronger claim to it, I ask You to bring forth his lot.' Then the lot of one of them was drawn, and Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) ruled in his favor."

3394 - وَ رَوَى اَلْبَزَنْطِيُّ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ سِرْحَانَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي رَجُلَيْنِ شَهِدَا عَلَى رَجُلٍ فِي أَمْرٍ وَ جَاءَ آخَرَانِ فَشَهِدَا عَلَى غَيْرِ اَلَّذِي شَهِدَ عَلَيْهِ اَلْأَوَّلاَنِ قَالَ "يُقْرَعُ بَيْنَهُمْ فَأَيُّهُمْ قَرَعَ فَعَلَيْهِ اَلْيَمِينُ وَ هُوَ أَوْلَى بِالْقَضَاءِ".

Hadith.3394 - Al-Bazanti narrated from Dawood ibn Sirhan, who said that Abu Abdillah (as) said: "In the case of two men who testified against another man regarding a matter, and then two others came and testified to something different from what the first two had testified-lots are drawn between them. Whichever group's lot is drawn, they shall take an oath, and their testimony will have precedence in judgment."

3395 - وَ رَوَى حَمَّادُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي رَجُلٍ قَالَ أَوَّلُ مَمْلُوكٍ أَمْلِكُهُ فَهُوَ حُرٌّ فَوَرِثَ سَبْعَةً جَمِيعاً قَالَ "يُقْرِعُ بَيْنَهُمْ وَ يُعْتِقُ اَلَّذِي خَرَجَ سَهْمُهُ".

Hadith.3395 - Hammad ibn Uthman narrated from Ubaydullah ibn Ali al-Halabi, who said that Abu Abdillah (as) said: "If a man says, 'The first slave I acquire shall be free,' and then he inherits seven slaves altogether, lots are drawn among them, and the one whose lot is drawn shall be freed."

3396 - وَ رَوَى حَرِيزٌ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ يَكُونُ لَهُ اَلْمَمْلُوكُونَ فَيُوصِي بِعِتْقِ ثُلُثِهِمْ قَالَ "كَانَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يُسْهِمُ بَيْنَهُمْ".

Hadith.3396 - Hariz narrated from Muhammad ibn Muslim, who said: "I asked Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) about a man who has slaves and wills to free one-third of them. Imam (as) said: 'Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) used to draw lots among them.'"

3397 - وَ رَوَى مُوسَى بْنُ اَلْقَاسِمِ اَلْبَجَلِيُّ وَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ اَلْحَكَمِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَلرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "كَانَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ إِذَا أَتَاهُ رَجُلاَنِ يَخْتَصِمَانِ بِشُهُودٍ عِدَّتُهُمْ سَوَاءٌ وَ عَدَالَتُهُمْ سَوَاءٌ أَقْرَعَ بَيْنَهُمَا عَلَى أَيِّهِمَا تَصِيرُ اَلْيَمِينُ وَ كَانَ يَقُولُ " اَللَّهُمَّ رَبَّ اَلسَّمَاوَاتِ اَلسَّبْعِ وَ رَبَّ اَلْأَرَضِينَ اَلسَّبْعِ مَنْ كَانَ اَلْحَقُّ لَهُ فَأَدِّهِ إِلَيْهِ " ثُمَّ يَجْعَلُ اَلْحَقَّ لِلَّذِي تَصِيرُ اَلْيَمِينُ عَلَيْهِ إِذَا حَلَفَ".

Hadith.3397 - Musa ibn al-Qasim al-Bajali and Ali ibn al-Hakam narrated from Abd al-Rahman ibn Abi Abdillah, who said: Abu Abdillah (as) said: "'Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as), whenever two men came to him disputing with an equal number of witnesses of equal integrity, would draw lots between them to determine upon whom the oath would fall. Then Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) would say: O Allah (swt), Lord (azj) of the seven heavens and Lord (azj) of the seven earths, grant the right to the one it belongs to. After that, he would assign the right to the one upon whom the oath was placed if he took the oath.'"

3398 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ جَمِيلٍ عَنْ فُضَيْلِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ مَوْلُودٍ لَيْسَ لَهُ مَا لِلرِّجَالِ وَ لَيْسَ لَهُ مَا لِلنِّسَاءِ قَالَ "هَذَا يُقْرِعُ عَلَيْهِ اَلْإِمَامُ يَكْتُبُ عَلَى سَهْمٍ عَبْدُ اَللَّهِ وَ عَلَى سَهْمٍ آخَرَ أَمَةُ اَللَّهِ ثُمَّ يَقُولُ اَلْإِمَامُ أَوِ اَلْمُقْرِعُ اَللَّهُمَّ أَنْتَ اَللَّهُ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ أَنْتَ "عٰالِمَ اَلْغَيْبِ وَ اَلشَّهٰادَةِ أَنْتَ تَحْكُمُ بَيْنَ عِبٰادِكَ فِي مٰا كٰانُوا فِيهِ يَخْتَلِفُونَ" بَيِّنْ لَنَا أَمْرَ هَذَا اَلْمَوْلُودِ حَتَّى يُوَرَّثَ مَا فَرَضْتَ لَهُ فِي كِتَابِكَ ثُمَّ يَطْرَحُ اَلسَّهْمَيْنِ فِي سِهَامٍ مُبْهَمَةٍ ثُمَّ تُجَالُ فَأَيُّهُمَا خَرَجَ وُرِّثَ عَلَيْهِ".

Hadith.3398 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Jamil, from Fudhayl ibn Yasar, who said: "I asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a newborn who has neither the features of males nor the features of females. Imam (as) said: 'The Imam draws lots for this case. He writes on one lot "Abdullah" (servant of Allah (swt)) and on another lot "Amatullah" (maidservant of Allah (swt)). Then the Imam or the one drawing the lot says: 'O Allah (swt), You are Allah (swt), there is no god but You, Knower of the unseen and the seen. You judge among Your servants concerning that in which they differ. Make clear to us the matter of this newborn so that he may inherit what You have ordained for him in Your Book.' Then he (the Imam) places the two lots into other unspecified lots, and they are mixed. Whichever lot is drawn, the inheritance is based on it."

3399 - وَ رَوَى عَاصِمُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ عَلِيّاً عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ إِلَى اَلْيَمَنِ فَقَالَ لَهُ حِينَ قَدِمَ "حَدِّثْنِي بِأَعْجَبِ مَا وَرَدَ عَلَيْكَ" قَالَ "يَا رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ أَتَانِي قَوْمٌ قَدْ تَبَايَعُوا جَارِيَةً فَوَطِئُوهَا جَمِيعاً فِي طُهْرٍ وَاحِدٍ فَوَلَدَتْ غُلاَماً فَاخْتَلَفُوا فِيهِ كُلُّهُمْ يَدَّعِي فِيهِ فَأَسْهَمْتُ بَيْنَهُمْ ثَلاَثَةً فَجَعَلْتُهُ لِلَّذِي خَرَجَ سَهْمُهُ وَ ضَمَّنْتُهُ نَصِيبَهُمْ" فَقَالَ اَلنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ "لَيْسَ مِنْ قَوْمٍ تَقَارَعُوا وَ فَوَّضُوا أَمْرَهُمْ إِلَى اَللَّهِ إِلاَّ خَرَجَ سَهْمُ اَلْمُحِقِّ" ".

Hadith.3399 - Asim ibn Humayd narrated from Abu Basir, from Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as): "The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) sent Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) to Yemen. When he returned, the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) said to him, 'Tell me about the most astonishing case that came to you.' Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: 'O Messenger of Allah (swt), a group of people came to me who had jointly purchased a bondwoman. They all had relations with her during the same period of purity, and she gave birth to a boy. They disputed over him, with each claiming him. I drew lots among them, assigning the child to the one whose lot was drawn, and I made him liable for the shares of the others.' The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) said: 'Whenever a group draws lots and entrusts their matter to Allah (swt), the rightful one's lot will come forth.'"

3400 - رَوَى سَعْدُ بْنُ طَرِيفٍ عَنِ اَلْأَصْبَغِ بْنِ نُبَاتَةَ قَالَ : قَضَى أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فِي رَجُلٍ تَكَفَّلَ بِنَفْسِ رَجُلٍ أَنْ يُحْبَسَ وَ قَالَ لَهُ "اُطْلُبْ صَاحِبَكَ" وَ قَضَى عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "أَنَّهُ لاَ كَفَالَةَ فِي حَدٍّ".

Hadith.3400 - Sa'd ibn Tarif narrated from Al-Asbagh ibn Nubatah: "Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) ruled in the case of a man who guaranteed the presence of another man that he should be detained, and Imam (as) said to him, "Seek your companion." And Imam (as) ruled: 'There is no guarantee (kafalah) in matters involving prescribed punishments (hudud).'"

3406 - رَوَى غِيَاثُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي رَجُلَيْنِ بَيْنَهُمَا مَالٌ مِنْهُ بِأَيْدِيهِمَا وَ مِنْهُ غَائِبٌ عَنْهُمَا فَاقْتَسَمَا اَلَّذِي بِأَيْدِيهِمَا وَ أَحَالَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا بِنَصِيبِهِ فَقَبَضَ أَحَدُهُمَا وَ لَمْ يَقْبِضِ اَلْآخَرُ فَقَالَ "مَا قَبَضَ أَحَدُهُمَا فَهُوَ بَيْنَهُمَا وَ مَا ذَهَبَ فَهُوَ بَيْنَهُمَا".

Hadith.3406 - Ghiyath ibn Ibrahim narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) from his father, Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), from his forefathers, from Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as): Regarding two men who share property-some of it is in their possession, and some is absent-so they divide what is in their possession, and each one assigns his share. One of them collects his share, but the other does not collect his share. Imam Ali (as) said: "Whatever is collected by one of them is shared between them, and whatever is lost is also shared between them."

3407 - وَ رُوِيَ : "أَنَّهُ اُحْتُضِرَ عَبْدُ اَللَّهِ بْنُ اَلْحَسَنِ فَاجْتَمَعَ إِلَيْهِ غُرَمَاؤُهُ فَطَالَبُوهُ بِدَيْنٍ لَهُمْ فَقَالَ مَا عِنْدِي مَا أُعْطِيكُمْ وَ لَكِنِ اِرْضَوْا بِمَنْ شِئْتُمْ مِنْ أَخِي وَ بَنِي عَمِّي عَلِيِّ بْنِ اَلْحُسَيْنِ أَوْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ فَقَالَ اَلْغُرَمَاءُ أَمَّا عَبْدُ اَللَّهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ فَمَلِيٌّ مَطُولٌ وَ أَمَّا عَلِيُّ بْنُ اَلْحُسَيْنِ فَرَجُلٌ لاَ مَالَ لَهُ صَدُوقٌ وَ هُوَ أَحَبُّهُمَا إِلَيْنَا فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِ فَأَخْبَرَهُ اَلْخَبَرَ فَقَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "أَضْمَنُ لَكُمُ اَلْمَالَ إِلَى غَلَّةٍ" وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ غَلَّةٌ فَقَالَ اَلْقَوْمُ قَدْ رَضِينَا فَضَمِنَهُ فَلَمَّا أَتَتِ اَلْغَلَّةُ أَتَاحَ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لَهُ اَلْمَالَ فَأَدَّاهُ".

Hadith.3407 - It is narrated: When Abdullah ibn al-Hasan was on his deathbed, his creditors gathered around him and demanded repayment of their debts. He replied: "I do not have anything to give you, but accept as your guarantor whomever you wish from my brother and my cousins- Imam Ali ibn al-Husayn (as) or Abdullah ibn Ja'far." The creditors said: "As for Abdullah ibn Ja'far, he is wealthy but delays payments, and as for Imam Ali ibn al-Husayn (as), he has no wealth, but he is truthful, and he is the most beloved of the two to us." So, they sent for Imam Ali ibn al-Husayn (as) and informed him of the situation. Imam (as) said: "I will guarantee your payment until the harvest comes," though he did not have any harvest. The creditors agreed, and he guaranteed the payment. When the harvest came, Allah (swt) Almighty provided him with the means, and he repaid the debts.