Man Lā Yaḥḍuruh al-Faqīh

4576 - وَ رَوَى جَمِيلٌ عَنْ فُضَيْلٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ إِنَّ بَعْضَ أَصْحَابِنَا رَوَى عَنْكَ أَنَّكَ قُلْتَ إِذَا أَحَلَّ اَلرَّجُلُ لِأَخِيهِ اَلْمُؤْمِنِ فَرْجَ جَارِيَتِهِ فَهُوَ لَهُ حَلاَلٌ فَقَالَ لَهُ "نَعَمْ يَا فُضَيْلُ " قُلْتُ فَمَا تَقُولُ فِي رَجُلٍ عِنْدَهُ جَارِيَةٌ لَهُ نَفِيسَةٌ وَ هِيَ بِكْرٌ أَحَلَّ لِأَخٍ لَهُ مَا دُونَ اَلْفَرْجِ أَ لَهُ أَنْ يَفْتَضَّهَا قَالَ "لاَ لَيْسَ لَهُ إِلاَّ مَا أَحَلَّ لَهُ مِنْهَا وَ لَوْ أَحَلَّ لَهُ قُبْلَةً مِنْهَا لَمْ يَحِلَّ لَهُ مَا سِوَى ذَلِكَ" قُلْتُ أَ رَأَيْتَ إِنْ هُوَ أَحَلَّ لَهُ مَا دُونَ اَلْفَرْجِ فَغَلَبَتْهُ اَلشَّهْوَةُ فَاقْتَضَّهَا قَالَ "لاَ يَنْبَغِي لَهُ ذَلِكَ" قُلْتُ فَإِنْ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ أَ يَكُونُ زَانِياً قَالَ "لاَ وَ لَكِنْ يَكُونُ خَائِناً وَ يَغْرَمُ لِصَاحِبِهَا عُشْرَ قِيمَتِهَا".

Hadith.4576 - Jamil narrated from Fudayl, who said: I said to Abu Abdillah (as): "May I be your ransom! Some of our companions have narrated from you that you said if a man permits his believing brother to have relations with his bondwoman, then she is lawful for him." Imam (as) said: "Yes, O Fudayl." I asked: "What do you say about a man who has a precious bondwoman who is a virgin, and he permits his brother to enjoy her, but only in ways other than intercourse? Is it permissible for him to deflower her?" Imam (as) said: "No, he is only allowed what has been made lawful for him. Even if he permitted him only to kiss her, nothing beyond that would be lawful for him." I asked: "What if he permitted him everything except intercourse, but his desire overcame him, and he deflowered her?" Imam (as) said: "He should not do that." I asked: "If he did, would he be considered a fornicator?" Imam (as) said: "No, but he would be a betrayer and must compensate the owner of the bondwoman with one-tenth of her value."

4577 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ دَرَّاجٍ عَنْ ضُرَيْسِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اَلْمَلِكِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي اَلرَّجُلِ يُحِلُّ لِأَخِيهِ جَارِيَتَهُ وَ هِيَ تَخْرُجُ فِي حَوَائِجِهِ قَالَ "هِيَ لَهُ حَلاَلٌ" قُلْتُ أَ رَأَيْتَ إِنْ جَاءَتْ بِوَلَدٍ مَا يَصْنَعُ بِهِ قَالَ "هُوَ لِمَوْلَى اَلْجَارِيَةِ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَكُونَ قَدِ اِشْتَرَطَ عَلَيْهِ حِينَ أَحَلَّهَا لَهُ أَنَّهَا إِنْ جَاءَتْ بِوَلَدٍ مِنِّي فَهُوَ حُرٌّ فَإِنْ كَانَ فَعَلَ فَهُوَ حُرٌّ" قُلْتُ فَيَمْلِكُ وَلَدَهُ قَالَ "إِنْ كَانَ لَهُ مَالٌ اِشْتَرَاهُ بِالْقِيمَةِ".

Hadith.4577 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Jamil ibn Darraj, from Durays ibn Abdul-Malik, from Abu Abdillah (as) regarding a man who permits his brother to have relations with his bondwoman, and she goes out to fulfill his needs. Imam (as) said: "She is lawful for him." I asked: "What if she gives birth to a child? What should be done with the child?" Imam (as) said: "The child belongs to the owner of the bondwoman unless he stipulated at the time he permitted her that if she gives birth to a child from him, then the child is free. If he made such a condition, then the child is free." I asked: "Can he own his child?" Imam (as) said: "If he has wealth, he can purchase the child at its value."

4578 - وَ رَوَى سُلَيْمَانُ اَلْفَرَّاءُ عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ اَلرَّجُلُ يُحِلُّ لِأَخِيهِ جَارِيَتَهُ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ" قُلْتُ فَإِنْ جَاءَتْ بِوَلَدٍ فَقَالَ "لِيَضُمَّ إِلَيْهِ وَلَدَهُ وَ لْيَرُدَّ عَلَى اَلرَّجُلِ جَارِيَتَهُ" قُلْتُ لَهُ لَمْ يَأْذَنْ لَهُ فِي ذَلِكَ قَالَ "إِنَّهُ قَدْ أَذِنَ لَهُ وَ لاَ يَأْمَنُ أَنْ يَكُونَ ذَلِكَ".

Hadith.4578 - Sulayman al-Farra' narrated from Hariz, from Zurara, who said: I asked Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) about a man who permits his brother to have relations with his bondwoman. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it." I asked: "What if she gives birth to a child?" Imam (as) said: "Let him take his child and return the bondwoman to her owner." I said: "But what if he did not permit him to do that?" Imam (as) said: "By granting permission, he has implicitly allowed it, and he cannot guarantee that such an outcome would not occur."

4579 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ رِئَابٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ جَارِيَةٍ بَيْنَ رَجُلَيْنِ دَبَّرَاهَا جَمِيعاً ثُمَّ أَحَلَّ أَحَدُهُمَا فَرْجَهَا لِشَرِيكِهِ قَالَ "هِيَ حَلاَلٌ لَهُ وَ أَيُّهُمَا مَاتَ قَبْلَ صَاحِبِهِ فَقَدْ صَارَ نِصْفُهَا حُرّاً مِنْ قِبَلِ اَلَّذِي مَاتَ وَ نِصْفُهَا مُدَبَّراً" قُلْتُ أَ رَأَيْتَ إِنْ أَرَادَ اَلْبَاقِي مِنْهُمَا أَنْ يَمَسَّهَا أَ لَهُ ذَلِكَ قَالَ "لاَ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَثْبُتَ عِتْقُهَا وَ يَتَزَوَّجَهَا بِرِضاً مِنْهَا مَتَى مَا أَرَادَ" قُلْتُ لَهُ أَ لَيْسَ قَدْ صَارَ نِصْفُهَا حُرّاً وَ قَدْ مَلَكَتْ نِصْفَ رَقَبَتِهَا وَ اَلنِّصْفُ اَلْآخَرُ لِلْبَاقِي مِنْهُمَا قَالَ "بَلَى" قُلْتُ فَإِنْ هِيَ جَعَلَتْ مَوْلاَهَا فِي حِلٍّ مِنْ فَرْجِهَا قَالَ "لاَ يَجُوزُ ذَلِكَ لَهُ" قُلْتُ لَهُ لِمَ لاَ يَجُوزُ لَهَا ذَلِكَ وَ كَيْفَ أَجَزْتَ لِلَّذِي كَانَ لَهُ نِصْفُهَا حِينَ أَحَلَّ فَرْجَهَا لِشَرِيكِهِ فِيهَا قَالَ "لِأَنَّ اَلْمَرْأَةَ لاَ تَهَبُ فَرْجَهَا وَ لاَ تُعِيرُهُ وَ لاَ تُحِلُّهُ وَ لَكِنْ لَهَا مِنْ نَفْسِهَا يَوْمٌ وَ لِلَّذِي دَبَّرَهَا يَوْمٌ فَإِنْ أَحَبَّ أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَهَا مُتْعَةً بِشَيْءٍ فِي ذَلِكَ اَلْيَوْمِ اَلَّذِي تَمْلِكُ فِيهِ نَفْسَهَا فَلْيَتَمَتَّعْ مِنْهَا بِشَيْءٍ قَلَّ أَوْ كَثُرَ".

Hadith.4579 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Ali ibn Ri'ab, from Muhammad ibn Muslim, who said: I asked Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) about a bondwoman jointly owned by two men, who both designated her as mudabbar (set to be freed after their death). Then, one of them permitted his partner to have relations with her. Imam (as) said: "She is lawful for him. If either of them dies before the other, then half of her becomes free from the one who died, and the other half remains mudabbar." I asked: "What if the surviving partner wishes to have relations with her? Is that permissible?" Imam (as) said: "No, unless her freedom is fully established, and then he marries her with her consent whenever he wishes." I asked: "Hasn't half of her already become free, making her the owner of half of herself, while the other half belongs to the surviving partner?" Imam (as) said: "Yes." I asked: "What if she permits her master to have relations with her?" Imam (as) said: "That is not permissible for him." I asked: "Why is it not permissible for her to do that, while you allowed the first owner to permit his partner to have relations with her?" Imam (as) said: "Because a woman cannot gift, lend, or permit her private parts. However, she has authority over herself for the day that she owns her freedom, and the one who designated her as mudabbar has authority over her for his day. If he wishes to marry her temporarily (mutah) for something, whether small or large, on the day that she owns her freedom, he may do so."

4580 - : وَ سُئِلَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ اَلْحُرِّ يَتَزَوَّجُ بِأَمَةِ قَوْمٍ اَلْوُلْدُ مَمَالِيكُ أَوْ أَحْرَارٌ قَالَ "اَلْوُلْدُ أَحْرَارٌ" ثُمَّ قَالَ "إِذَا كَانَ أَحَدُ وَالِدَيْهِ حُرّاً فَالْوَلَدُ حُرٌّ".

Hadith.4580 - Abu Abdillah (as) was asked about a free man who marries a bondwoman belonging to a people. Are the children considered slaves or free? Imam (as) said: "The children are free." Then Imam (as) added: "If one of the parents is free, the child is free."

4581 - وَ رَوَى جَمِيلُ بْنُ دَرَّاجٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ تَزَوَّجَ بِأَمَةٍ فَجَاءَتْ بِوَلَدٍ قَالَ "يَلْحَقُ اَلْوَلَدُ بِأَبِيهِ" قُلْتُ فَعَبْدٌ تَزَوَّجَ حُرَّةً قَالَ "يَلْحَقُ اَلْوَلَدُ بِأُمِّهِ".

Hadith.4581 - Jamil ibn Darraj narrated that he asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a man who married a bondwoman, and she gave birth to a child. Imam (as) said: "The child is attributed to his father." I asked: "What about a slave who marries a free woman?" Imam (as) said: "The child is attributed to his mother."

4582 - رُوِيَ عَنْ رُومِيِّ بْنِ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ اَلنَّصْرَانِيُّ يَتَزَوَّجُ اَلنَّصْرَانِيَّةَ عَلَى ثَلاَثِينَ دَنّاً خَمْراً وَ ثَلاَثِينَ خِنْزِيراً ثُمَّ أَسْلَمَا بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ دَخَلَ بِهَا قَالَ "يَنْظُرُ كَمْ قِيمَةُ اَلْخِنْزِيرِ وَ كَمْ قِيمَةُ اَلْخَمْرِ فَيُرْسِلُ بِهِ إِلَيْهَا ثُمَّ يَدْخُلُ عَلَيْهَا وَ هُمَا عَلَى نِكَاحِهِمَا اَلْأَوَّلِ ".

Hadith.4582 - It is narrated from Rumi ibn Zurarah, from Ubayd ibn Zurarah, who said: I asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a Christian man who married a Christian woman with a dowry of thirty jars of wine and thirty pigs. Later, they both embraced Islam, and he had not yet consummated the marriage with her. Imam (as) said: "He should assess the value of the pigs and the wine, and send that value to her. After that, he may consummate the marriage with her, and they remain upon their original marriage contract."

4583 - قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "لَيْسَ مِنَّا مَنْ لَمْ يُؤْمِنْ بِكَرَّتِنَا وَ يَسْتَحِلَّ مُتْعَتَنَا".

Hadith.4583 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "He is not from us who does not believe in our return (Rajah) and does not consider the temporary marriage (Mutah) lawful."

4584 - وَ قَالَ اَلرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "اَلْمُتْعَةُ لاَ تَحِلُّ إِلاَّ لِمَنْ عَرَفَهَا وَ هِيَ حَرَامٌ عَلَى مَنْ جَهِلَهَا".

Hadith.4584 - Imam Ali ibn Musa Ar-Ridha (as) said: "Temporary marriage (Mutah) is not lawful except for one who understands it, and it is forbidden for one who is ignorant of it."

4585 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي مَرْيَمَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: إِنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنِ اَلْمُتْعَةِ فَقَالَ "إِنَّ اَلْمُتْعَةَ اَلْيَوْمَ لَيْسَتْ كَمَا كَانَتْ قَبْلَ اَلْيَوْمِ إِنَّهُنَّ كُنَّ يُؤْمَنَّ يَوْمَئِذٍ فَالْيَوْمَ لاَ يُؤْمَنَّ فَاسْأَلُوا عَنْهُنَّ".

Hadith.4585 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Aban, from Abu Maryam, from Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) who was asked about Mutah (temporary marriage). Imam (as) said: "Mutah today is not as it was before. In those days, women were trustworthy, but today they are not trustworthy, so inquire about them."