Book of Pilgrimage and Its Virtues
Chapter on the Hajj of Children
وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ إِنَّ مَعِي صِبْيَةً صِغَاراً وَ أَنَا أَخَافُ عَلَيْهِمُ اَلْبَرْدَ فَمِنْ أَيْنَ يُحْرِمُونَ فَقَالَ «اِئْتِ بِهِمُ اَلْعَرْجَ فَلْيُحْرِمُوا مِنْهَا فَإِنَّكَ إِذَا أَتَيْتَ اَلْعَرْجَ وَقَعْتَ فِي تِهَامَةَ » ثُمَّ قَالَ «فَإِنْ خِفْتَ عَلَيْهِمْ فَائْتِ بِهِمُ اَلْجُحْفَةَ ».
It was narrated from Yunus ibn Ya'qub, from his father, who said: I said to Abu Abdullah (a.s): "I have young children with me, and I fear the cold for them. From where should they enter the state of Ihram?" Imam (a.s) said: "Take them to Al-‘Arj, and let them enter Ihram from there, for when you reach Al-‘Arj, you will have entered Tihamah." Then Imam (a.s) added: "If you still fear for them, take them to Al-Juhfah."
وَ رَوَى مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «اُنْظُرُوا مَنْ كَانَ مَعَكُمْ مِنَ اَلصِّبْيَانِ فَقَدِّمُوهُ إِلَى اَلْجُحْفَةِ أَوْ إِلَى بَطْنِ مَرٍّ وَ يُصْنَعُ بِهِمْ مَا يُصْنَعُ بِالْمُحْرِمِ وَ يُطَافُ بِهِمْ وَ يُرْمَى عَنْهُمْ وَ مَنْ لاَ يَجِدُ اَلْهَدْيَ مِنْهُمْ فَلْيَصُمْ عَنْهُ وَلِيُّهُ وَ كَانَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ اَلْحُسَيْنِ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ يَضَعُ اَلسِّكِّينَ فِي يَدِ اَلصَّبِيِّ ثُمَّ يَقْبِضُ عَلَى يَدِهِ اَلرَّجُلُ فَيَذْبَحُ.
Mu'awiyah ibn Ammar narrated from Abu Abdullah (a.s), who said: "Look at the children who are with you. Take them to Al-Juhfah or Batn Marr, and treat them as you would treat those in the state of Ihram. Perform Tawaf for them, throw (the pebbles) on their behalf, and if they cannot offer the sacrifice, their guardian should fast on their behalf. Imam Ali ibn Al-Husayn (a.s) used to place the knife in the child's hand, then an adult would hold the child's hand to perform the slaughter."
وَ سَأَلَهُ سَمَاعَةُ: عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَمَرَ غِلْمَانَهُ أَنْ يَتَمَتَّعُوا قَالَ «عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يُضَحِّيَ عَنْهُمْ» قُلْتُ فَإِنَّهُ أَعْطَاهُمْ دَرَاهِمَ فَبَعْضُهُمْ ضَحَّى وَ بَعْضُهُمْ أَمْسَكَ اَلدَّرَاهِمَ وَ صَامَ قَالَ «قَدْ أَجْزَأَ عَنْهُمْ وَ هُوَ بِالْخِيَارِ إِنْ شَاءَ تَرَكَهَا » قَالَ قَالَ «وَ لَوْ أَنَّهُ أَمَرَهُمْ فَصَامُوا كَانَ قَدْ أَجْزَأَ عَنْهُمْ ».
It was narrated that Sama'ah asked Imam (a.s) about a man who instructed his servants to perform Tamattu‘ (Umrah and Hajj combined). Imam (a.s) said: "It is incumbent upon him to offer the sacrifice on their behalf." I said: "What if he gave them dirhams, and some of them offered the sacrifice while others kept the dirhams and chose to fast?" Imam (a.s) said: "It is sufficient for them, and he has the choice to leave it as is if he wishes." Imam (a.s) further said: "If he had commanded them to fast instead, it would have sufficed for them."
وَ رَوَى صَفْوَانُ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا اَلْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اِبْنِ عَشْرِ سِنِينَ يَحُجُّ قَالَ «عَلَيْهِ حَجَّةُ اَلْإِسْلاَمِ إِذَا اِحْتَلَمَ وَ كَذَلِكَ اَلْجَارِيَةُ عَلَيْهَا اَلْحَجُّ إِذَا طَمِثَتْ».
Safwan narrated from Ishaq ibn Ammar, who said: I asked Abu al-Hasan (a.s) about a ten-year-old boy performing Hajj. Imam (a.s) said: "The Hajj of Islam becomes obligatory upon him if he reaches puberty, and likewise for a girl—it becomes obligatory upon her when she begins menstruating."
وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ اَلْفُضَيْلِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ اَلثَّانِيَ عَنِ اَلصَّبِيِّ مَتَى يُحْرَمُ بِهِ قَالَ «إِذَا اِثَّغَرَ».
It was narrated from Ali ibn Mahziyar, from Muhammad ibn al-Fudhayl, who said: I asked Abu Ja'far al-Thani, Imam Muhammad al-Jawad (a.s) about when a child should be entered into the state of Ihram. Imam (a.s) said: "When they begin to grow teeth."
وَ رَوَى أَبَانٌ عَنِ اَلْحَكَمِ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَقُولُ: «اَلصَّبِيُّ إِذَا حُجَّ بِهِ فَقَدْ قَضَى حَجَّةَ اَلْإِسْلاَمِ حَتَّى يَكْبَرَ وَ اَلْعَبْدُ إِذَا حُجَّ بِهِ فَقَدْ قَضَى حَجَّةَ اَلْإِسْلاَمِ حَتَّى يُعْتَقَ.
Aban narrated from Al-Hakam, who said: I heard Abu Abdullah (a.s) say: "If a child is taken for Hajj, it does not fulfill the Hajj of Islam when they grow up. Similarly, if a servant is taken for Hajj, it does not fulfill the Hajj of Islam until they are freed."
Book of Pilgrimage and Its Virtues
Chapter on a Man Borrowing to Perform Hajj and the Obligation of Hajj on Someone in Debt
رُوِيَ عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ يَحُجُّ بِدَيْنٍ وَ قَدْ حَجَّ حَجَّةَ اَلْإِسْلاَمِ قَالَ «نَعَمْ إِنَّ اَللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ سَيَقْضِي عَنْهُ إِنْ شَاءَ اَللَّهُ تَعَالَى».
It was narrated from Ya'qub ibn Shu'ayb, who said: I asked Abu Abdullah (a.s) about a man who performs Hajj with borrowed money and has already performed the Hajj of Islam. Imam (a.s) said: "Yes, and Allah (swt), the Exalted, will settle his debt, God willing."
وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَلْمَلِكِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا اَلْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ عَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ يَسْتَقْرِضُ وَ يَحُجُّ قَالَ «إِنْ كَانَ لَهُ وَجْهٌ فِي مَالٍ فَلاَ بَأْسَ.
It was narrated from Abdul-Malik ibn Utbah, who said: I asked Abu al-Hasan (a.s) about a man who has debt but borrows money to perform Hajj. Imam (a.s) said: "If he has a means to repay the debt, there is no harm in it."
وَ رَوَى مُوسَى بْنُ بَكْرٍ عَنْهُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ هَلْ يَسْتَقْرِضُ اَلرَّجُلُ وَ يَحُجُّ إِذَا كَانَ خَلْفَ ظَهْرِهِ مَا يُؤَدَّى بِهِ عَنْهُ إِذَا حَدَثَ بِهِ حَدَثٌ قَالَ «نَعَمْ».
Musa ibn Bakr narrated from Imam (a.s), who said: I asked him: "Can a man borrow money to perform Hajj if he has resources left behind to settle the debt in case something happens to him?" Imam (a.s) said: "Yes."
وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ أَبِي هَمَّامٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِلرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ اَلرَّجُلُ يَكُونُ عَلَيْهِ اَلدَّيْنُ وَ يَحْضُرُهُ اَلشَّيْءُ أَ يَقْضِي دَيْنَهُ أَوْ يَحُجُّ قَالَ «يَقْضِي بِبَعْضٍ وَ يَحُجُّ بِبَعْضٍ» قُلْتُ فَإِنَّهُ لاَ يَكُونُ إِلاَّ بِقَدْرِ نَفَقَةِ اَلْحَجِّ قَالَ «يَقْضِي سَنَةً وَ يَحُجُّ سَنَةً» قُلْتُ أُعْطِيَ اَلْمَالَ مِنْ نَاحِيَةِ اَلسُّلْطَانِ قَالَ «لاَ بَأْسَ عَلَيْكُمْ.
It was narrated from Abu Hammam, who said: I said to Al-Ridha (a.s): "A man has debt, and some wealth comes to him. Should he pay his debt or perform Hajj?" Imam (a.s) said: "He should pay part of it toward his debt and use part for Hajj." I said: "What if the amount is only sufficient for the expenses of Hajj?" Imam (a.s) said: "Let him pay his debt one year and perform Hajj the next year." I asked: "What if the money comes from the government?" Imam (a.s) said: "There is no harm for you in that."
