Q&A
Al-Khiṣāl borítója

Al-Khiṣāl

The Book of Characteristics

Part 3: On Three-Numbered Characteristics

It Is Not Proper to Beg Unless under One of Three Conditions

3-149 حدثنا أبي رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله، عن إبراهيم بن هاشم، وسهل بن زياد الرازي، عن إسماعيل بن مرار، وعبدالجبار بن المبارك، عن يونس بن عبدالرحمن، عمن حدثه من أصحابه، عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلام قال: إن رجلا مر بعثمان بن عفان وهو قاعد على باب المسجد فسأله فأمر له بخمسة دراهم، فقال له الرجل: أرشدني فقال له عثمان: دونك الفتية التي ترى وأومأبيده إلى ناحية من المسجد فهيا الحسن والحسين وعبد الله بن جعفرفمضى الرجل نحوهم حتى سلم عليهم وسألهم فقال له الحسن والحسين عليهما السلام: يا هذا إن المسألة لا تحل إلا في إحدى ثلاث دم مفجع، أو دين مقرح، أو فقر مدقع، ففي أيها تسأل؟ فقال: واحدة من هذه الثلاث، فأمر له الحسن عليه السلام بخمسين دينارا، وأمر له الحسين عليهما السلام بتسعة وأربعين دينارا، وأمر له عبد الله بن جعفر بثمانية وأربعين دينارا، فانصرف الرجل فمر بعثمان فقال له: ما صنعت؟ فقال: مررت بك فسألتك فأمرت لي بما أمرت ولم تسألني فيما اسأل وإن صاحب الوفرة لما سألته قال لي: يا هذا فيما تسأل فان المسألة لا تحل إلا في إحدى ثلاث فأخبرته بالوجه الذي أسأله من الثلاثة فأعطاني خمسين دينارا، وأعطاني الثاني تسعة وأربعين دينارا، وأعطاني الثالث ثمانية وأربعين دينارا، فقال عثمان: ومن لك بمثل هؤلاء الفتية اولئك فطموا العلم فطما، وحازوا الخير والحكمةقال مصنف هذا الكتاب رضي الله عنه: معنى قوله " فطموا العلم فطما " أي قطعوه عن غيرهم قطعا، وجمعوه لانفسهم جمعا

3-149 (The compiler of the book narrated) that his father - may God be pleased with him - narrated that Sa’ed ibn Abdullah quoted Ibrahim ibn Hashim and Sahl ibn Zyad al-Razi, on the authority of Isma’il ibn Marar and Abdul Jab’bar ibn al-Mobarak, on the authority of Yunus ibn Abdul-Rahman, on the authority of some of his friends that Aba Abdullah as-Sadiq (MGB) said, “A man went to Uthman ibn Affan while he was sitting at the door of the mosque and begged for five Dirhams . He also asked Uthman to guide him towards benevolent people. Uthman pointed to a corner of the mosque where Al-Hassan (MGB), Al-Hussein (MGB) and Abdullah ibn Ja’far were sitting. The man went to them, greeted them and begged of them. Then Al-Hassan (MGB) and Al-Hussein (MGB) told him, ‘O so and so! It is not permitted to beg unless for one of three reasons: for a large amount of blood-money, heavy debt or extreme poverty. Why are you begging?’ The man said, ‘It is for one of these reasons.’ Then Al-Hassan (MGB) donated fifty Dinars . Al-Hussein (MGB) granted him forty-nine Dinars and Abdullah ibn Ja’far donated him forty-eight Dinars. Then the man left them and went back to Uthman. Uthman asked him, ‘Well! What did you do?’ The man said, ‘I begged of you but you gave me only a little bit, but did not ask me what I needed that for. However, when I begged of one of those long-haired people, he asked me what I was asking them for. He told me that it is not permitted for me to ask unless it was for one of three reasons. I told him my reason and he granted me fifty Dinars. The second man gave me forty-nine Dinars and the third man gave me forty-eight Dinars.’ Then Uthman said, ‘Where else could you find people like them. They have cut off all knowledge and have gathered all good and wisdom for themselves (‘Fatamul Ilm Fatman’).’”The compiler of the book - may God increase his honor - said, “What is meant by ‘Fatamul Ilm Fatman’ here is that they have cut off all knowledge from others and have gathered all of it for themselves.”

Part 3: On Three-Numbered Characteristics

Three Things with Which God Has Honored the Children of Adam

3-150 حدثنا محمد بن الحسن بن أحمد بن الوليد رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا محمد بن الحسن الصفار، عن محمد بن عيسى العبيدي، عن زكريا المؤمن، عن علي بن أبي نعيم، عن أبي حمزة، عن أبي جعفر عليه السلام قال: إن الله تبارك وتعالى يقول: [يا] ابن آدم تطولت عليك بثلاث: سترت عليك ما لو يعلم به أهلك ما واروك وأوسعت عليك فاستقرضت منك فلم تقدم خيرا، وجعلت لك نظرة عند موتك في ثلثك فلم تقدم خيرا

3-150 Muhammad ibn al-Hassan ibn Ahmad ibn al-Walid - may God be pleased with him - narrated that Muhammad ibn al-Hassan al-Saffar quoted Muhammad ibn Isa al-Ubaydi, on the authority of Zakariya (ibn Muhammad) al-Mumin, on the authority of Ali ibn Abi Na’eem, on the authority of Abi Hamzih that Abi Ja’far al-Baqir (MGB) that the Blessed the Sublime God said, “O Children of Adam! I have honored you with three characteristics: I have covered up some of your ugliness. Had your family known about them, they would not have buried you in the ground. I granted you an extension of sustenance. Then I asked you for a loan. You did not rush to do good. I granted you a choice to make a will as to how one third of your property should be spent after your death. But, you did not rush to do good.”

Part 3: On Three-Numbered Characteristics

One Would Not Be a Polytheist until He Does One of Three Things

3-151 حدثنا محمد بن الحسن بن أحمد بن الوليد رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا محمد بن الحسن الصفار، عن الحسن بن موسى الخشاب، عن يزيد بن إسحاق شعر، عن عباس بن يزيد، عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلام قال: قلت: إن هؤلاء العوام يزعمون أن الشرك أخفى من دبيب النمل في الليلة الظلماء على المسح الاسود فقال: لا يكون العبد مشركا حتى يصلي لغير الله، أو يذبح لغير الله، أو يدعو لغير الله عز وجل

3-151 Muhammad ibn al-Hassan ibn Ahmad ibn al-Walid - may God be pleased with him - narrated that Muhammad ibn al-Hassan al-Saffar quoted Al-Hassan ibn Musa al-Khishab, on the authority of Al-Yazid ibn Ishaq She’r, on the authority of Ab’bas ibn Yazid, “I told Aba Abdullah as-Sadiq (MGB), ‘The common people think that polytheism is harder to see than the footstep of an ant on a black cloak at night.’ The Imam (MGB) replied, ‘One would not become a polytheist unless he prays to other than God; makes an offering for other than God; or prays to anyone other than the Honorable the Exalted God.’”

Part 3: On Three-Numbered Characteristics

This Nation Has Not Been Given Any Less Than Three

3-152 حدثنا أبي رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا محمد بن يحيى العطار عن محمد بن أحمد عن إبراهيم بن هاشم، عن عبد الله بن القاسم، عن عبد الله بن سنان، عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلام قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله:لم تعط امتي أقل من ثلاثة الجمال والصوت الحسن والحفظ

3-152 (The compiler of the book narrated) that his father - may God be pleased with him - narrated that Muhammad ibn Yahya al-Attar quoted Muhammad ibn Ahmad, on the authority of Ibrahim ibn Hashim, on the authority of Abdullah ibn al-Qasim, on the authority of Abdullah ibn Sin’an, on the authority of Aba Abdullah as-Sadiq (MGB) that God’s Prophet (MGB) said, “My nation has not been given any less than the following three: beauty, a good voice and a good memory.”

Part 3: On Three-Numbered Characteristics

The Three Worst Afflictions

3-153 حدثنا أبي رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا علي بن إبراهيم بن هاشم، عن أبيه، عن النوفلي، عن السكوني، عن جعفر بن محمد، عن ابائه، عن علي عليهم السلام قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله: جهد البلاء أن يقدم الرجل فيضرب عنقه صبرا والاسير مادام في وثاق العدو، والرجل يجد على بطن امرأته رجلا

3-153 (The compiler of the book narrated) that his father - may God be pleased with him - narrated that Ali ibn Ibrahim ibn Hashim quoted his father, on the authority of Al-Nawfaly, on the authority of Al-Sakoony, on the authority of Ja’far ibn Muhammad as-Sadiq (MGB), on the authority of his forefathers (MGB) that God’s Prophet (MGB) said, “The worst three afflictions are: being bent for your head to be chopped off; being a captive in chains; and seeing another man sleeping with your wife.”

Part 3: On Three-Numbered Characteristics

Three Things Not in My Nation

3-154 حدثنا محمد بن الحسن بن أحمد بن الوليد رضي الله عنه قال: حدثني محمد بن الحسن الصفار، عن أبي الجوزاء المنبه بن عبد الله، عن الحسين بن علوان، عن عمرو بن خالد، عن زيد بن علي عن آبائه، عن علي عليهم السلام قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله:"ليس في امتي رهبانية، ولا سياحة، ولازم" يعني سكوت

3-154 Muhammad ibn al-Hassan ibn Ahmad ibn al-Walid - may God be pleased with him - narrated that Muhammad ibn al-Hassan al-Saffar quoted Abil Jo’aza al-Monabat ibn Abdullah, on the authority of Al-Hussein ibn Alvan, on the authority of Amr ibn Khalid, on the authority of Zayd ibn Ali, on the authority of his forefathers, on the authority of Ali (MGB) that God’s Prophet (MGB) said, “There is no monastism; tourism, and (fast of) silence in my nation.”

Part 3: On Three-Numbered Characteristics

The Angels Would Not Enter A House in Which There Are Three Things

3-155 حدثنا أبي رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله، عن أيوب ابن نوح، عن صفوان بن يحيى، عن عبد الله بن مسكان، عن محمد بن مروان، عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلام قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله: إن جبرئيل عليه السلام أتاني فقال: إنا معشر الملائكة لا ندخل بيتا فيه كلب، ولا تمثال جسد، ولا إناء يبال فيه

3-155 (The compiler of the book narrated) that his father - may God be pleased with him - narrated that Sa’ed ibn Abdullah quoted Ayoob ibn Nooh, on the authority of Safvan ibn Yahya, on the authority of Abdullah ibn Miskan, on the authority of Muhammad ibn Marvan, on the authority of Aba Abdullah as-Sadiq (MGB) that God’s Prophet (MGB) said, “Gabriel (MGB) descended down to me and said, ‘We - the angels - will not enter any house in which there is a dog or a statue or a vessel in which they pee.’”

Part 3: On Three-Numbered Characteristics

Three People Are Partners in Enjoining to Do Good and Forbidding to Do Evil

3-156 حدثنا محمد بن علي ما جيلويه رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا علي بن إبراهيم بن هاشم، عن أبيه، عن النوفلي، عن السكوني، عن أبي عبد الله، عن آبائه، عن علي عليهم السلام قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله:من أمر بمعروف أو نهى عن منكر أو دل على خير أو أشار به فهو شريك، ومن أمر بسوء أو دل عليه أو أشار به فهو شريك

3-156 Muhammad ibn Ali Majiluyih - may God be pleased with him - narrated that Ali ibn Ibrahim ibn Hashim quoted his father, on the authority of Al-Nawfaly, on the authority of Al-Sakoony, on the authority of Aba Abdullah as-Sadiq (MGB), on the authority of his forefathers (MGB), on the authority of Ali (MGB) that God’s Prophet (MGB) said, “Whoever enjoins to do good or forbids to do evil or guides to goodness or points towards it is a partner in its reward. Whoever orders to do evil, guides one towards evil or points towards it is also a partner in its chastisement.”

3-157 حدثنا محمد بن موسى بن المتوكل رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا عبد الله ابن جعفر الحميري، عن أحمد بن محمد بن عيسى، عن الحسن بن محبوب، عن أبي أيوب الخزاز، عن عبدالمؤمن الانصاري، عن أبي جعفر عليه السلام قال: إن الله عز وجل أعطى المؤمن ثلاث خصال: العز في الدنيا في دينه، والفلج في الآخرة والمهابة في صدور العالمين

3-157 Muhammad ibn Musa al-Mutevakil - may God be pleased with him - narrated that Abdullah ibn Ja’far al-Homayry quoted Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Isa, on the authority of Al-Hassan ibn Mahboob, on the authority of Abi Ayoob al-Khizaz, on the authority of Abdul-Mumin al-Ansari that Abi Ja’far al-Baqir (MGB) said, “God has granted three things to believers: nobility in the world and his religion; prosperity in the Hereafter; and dignity in the hearts of the people of the world.”

Part 3: On Three-Numbered Characteristics

Fear Three People Regarding Your Religion

3-158 حدثنا أبي رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله، عن أحمد بن محمد بن عيسـى، عن أبيـه، عن حمـاد بن عيسـى، عن عمـر بن اذينة عن أبان بن أبيعياش عن سليم بن قيس الهلالي قال: سمعت أمير المؤمنين عليا عليه السلام يقول: احذروا على دينكم ثلاثة: رجلا قرأ القرآن حتى إذا رأيت عليه بهجته اخترط سيفه على جاره ورماه بالشرك، فقلت: يا أمير المؤمنين أيهما أولى بالشرك؟ قال: الرامي، ورجلا استخفته الاحاديث كلما احدثت أحدوثه كذب مدها بأطول منها، ورجلا آتاه الله عز وجل سلطانا فزعم أن طاعته طاعة الله ومعصيته معصية الله وكذب لانه لا طاعة لمخلوق في معصية الخالق، لا ينبغي للمخلوق أن يكون حبه لمعصية الله فلاطاعة في معصيته ولا طاعة لمن عصى الله، إنما الطاعة لله ولرسوله ولولاة الامر، وإنما أمر الله عز وجل بطاعة الرسول لانه معصوم مطهر، لايأمر بمعصيته وإنما امر بطاعة اولى الامر لانهم معصومون مطهرون لا يأمرون بمعصيته

3-158 (The compiler of the book narrated) that his father - may God be pleased with him - narrated that Sa’ed ibn Abdullah quoted Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Isa, on the authority of his father, on the authority of Hammad ibn Isa, on the authority of Umar ibn Azineh, on the authority of Aban ibn Abi Ayyash, on the authority of Salim ibn Qays al-Hilaly that he had heard the Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali (MGB) say, “Once I heard the Commander of the Faithful Ali (MGB) say, ‘Fear the following three people regarding your religion: One who has learned the Quran, but starts to fight with his neighbour and kills him with the excuse that he is an atheist as soon as the brightness of the Quran lights up his face.’I said, ‘O Commander of the Faithful! Who is more likely to be a polytheist?’ The Commander of the Faithful (MGB) replied, ‘The one who makes accusations; the one who reinforces what he says and restates the lies; and the man to whom God has granted the rule but considers being obeyed to be God’s obedience and being opposed to be opposition to God - such a person is a liar since neither disobedience to the Creator in obeying a creature is allowed nor is it proper for any created person to like another created person in disobedience to God. You should not obey him in acts of disobedience to God. Obedience is for God, His Messenger and the Trustees in charge of the Affairs. Indeed the Honorable the Exalted God has ordered us to obey His Messenger, since he is pure and immaculate and would not order us to do acts of disobedience. God has also ordered us to obey the Trustees in charge of the Affairs since they are pure and immaculate and would not order us to do acts of disobedience to God.’”

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