The Book of Haj
Matters from Which One Must Not Do in the State of al-’Ihram, Such as Quarrelling
3ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى وَابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ جَمِيعاً عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) إِذَا أَحْرَمْتَ فَعَلَيْكَ بِتَقْوَى الله وَذِكْرِ الله كَثِيراً وَقِلَّةِ الْكَلامِ إِلاَّ بِخَيْرٍ فَإِنَّ مِنْ تَمَامِ الْحَجِّ وَالْعُمْرَةِ أَنْ يَحْفَظَ الْمَرْءُ لِسَانَهُ إِلاَّ مِنْ خَيْرٍ كَمَا قَالَ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فَإِنَّ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ يَقُولُ فَمَنْ فَرَضَ فِيهِنَّ الْحَجَّ فَلا رَفَثَ وَلا فُسُوقَ وَلا جِدالَ فِي الْحَجِّ وَالرَّفَثُ الْجِمَاعُ وَالْفُسُوقُ الْكَذِبُ وَالسِّبَابُ وَالْجِدَالُ قَوْلُ الرَّجُلِ لا وَالله وَبَلَى وَالله وَاعْلَمْ أَنَّ الرَّجُلَ إِذَا حَلَفَ بِثَلاثِ أَيْمَانٍ وِلاءً فِي مَقَامٍ وَاحِدٍ وَهُوَ مُحْرِمٌ فَقَدْ جَادَلَ فَعَلَيْهِ دَمٌ يُهَرِيقُهُ وَيَتَصَدَّقُ بِهِ وَإِذَا حَلَفَ يَمِيناً وَاحِدَةً كَاذِبَةً فَقَدْ جَادَلَ وَعَلَيْهِ دَمٌ يُهَرِيقُهُ وَيَتَصَدَّقُ بِهِ وَقَالَ اتَّقِ الْمُفَاخَرَةَ وَعَلَيْكَ بِوَرَعٍ يَحْجُزُكَ عَنْ مَعَاصِي الله فَإِنَّ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ يَقُولُ ثُمَّ لْيَقْضُوا تَفَثَهُمْ وَلْيُوفُوا نُذُورَهُمْ وَلْيَطَّوَّفُوا بِالْبَيْتِ الْعَتِيقِ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الله مِنَ التَّفَثِ أَنْ تَتَكَلَّمَ فِي إِحْرَامِكَ بِكَلامٍ قَبِيحٍ فَإِذَا دَخَلْتَ مَكَّةَ وَطُفْتَ بِالْبَيْتِ وَتَكَلَّمْتَ بِكَلامٍ طَيِّبٍ فَكَانَ ذَلِكَ كَفَّارَةً قَالَ وَسَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَقُولُ لا لَعَمْرِي وَبَلَى لَعَمْرِي قَالَ لَيْسَ هَذَا مِنَ الْجِدَالِ إِنَّمَا الْجِدَالُ لا وَالله وَبَلَى وَالله.
3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from and Muhammad ibn ‘Isma‘il has narrated from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan from Safwan ibn Yahya and Ibn Abi ‘Umayr all from Mu‘awiyah ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘When you assume the state of Ihram you must maintain piety before Allah. You must speak of Allah very often, talk very little unless it is for good reasons, of the completion of al-Hajj and al-‘Umrah is safeguarding one’s tongue except in what is good. Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, has said, “Those who make al-Hajj obligatory upon themselves must take notice that there is no sexual relation, lying, abusing and swearing in al-Hajj.” (2:197) Swearing means to say, “No, by Allah, yes, by Allah.” One must take notice that when a man swears three times at one place in the state of Ihram, he has committed al-Jidal (swearing), and he must offer an animal offering and give it as charity. For swearing only once which is a lie, he has committed al-Jidal (swearing), he must offer an animal offering and give it as charity.’ He (the Imam) has said, ‘Avoid boastfulness and you must stay away from sins in obedience to Allah; Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, says, “Then you must remove the dirt away from you, fulfill your vows and perform Tawaf around the free House.’” (21:28) Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘It is of al-Tafath (dirt) to speak improper words. When you enter Makkah, perform Tawaf around the House and speak nice words, it will be expiation (for speaking improper words).’ I asked him (the Imam) about the man who says, ‘No, I swear by my life, yes, by my life.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘That is not swearing. Swearing is saying, ‘No, by Allah, yes, by Allah.’”
4ـ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا (عَلَيْهِما السَّلاَم) قَالَ إِذَا حَلَفَ ثَلاثَ أَيْمَانٍ مُتَتَابِعَاتٍ صَادِقاً فَقَدْ جَادَلَ وَعَلَيْهِ دَمٌ وَإِذَا حَلَفَ بِيَمِينٍ وَاحِدَةٍ كَاذِباً فَقَدْ جَادَلَ وَعَلَيْهِ دَمٌ.
4. Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad has narrated from Mu‘alla’ ibn Muhammad from al-Hassan ibn Ali from Aban ibn ‘Uthman from abu Basir who has said the following: “One of the two Imam, (abu Ja’far or abu ‘Abd Allah), ‘Alayhim al-Salam, has said, ’If one swears three times, one immediately after the other and they are true, he has committed Jidal (swearing) and he owes one animal offering. If one swears one false swearing, he has committed Jidal (swearing) and he owes one animal offering/”
5ـ أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الأَشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْمُحْرِمِ يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَعْمَلَ الْعَمَلَ فَيَقُولُ لَهُ صَاحِبُهُ وَالله لا تَعْمَلْهُ فَيَقُولُ وَالله لأَعْمَلَنَّهُ فَيُخَالِفُهُ مِرَاراً أَ يَلْزَمُهُ مَا يَلْزَمُ صَاحِبَ الْجِدَالِ قَالَ لا إِنَّمَا أَرَادَ بِهَذَا إِكْرَامَ أَخِيهِ إِنَّمَا ذَلِكَ مَا كَانَ لله فِيهِ مَعْصِيَةٌ.
5. Abu Ali al-Ash’ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from Safwan from ‘Abd Allah ibn Muskan from abu Basir who has said the following: “I once asked him (the Imam) (a.s.), about a man who in the state of Ihram wants to do something and says to his friend, ’By Allah, you must not do it.’ He says, ’By Allah, I certainly want to do it.’ He opposes him several times. What does the swearing one owe? He (the Imam) said, ‘No, by this he meant to respect his brother. That which involves expiation is when Allah is disobeyed thereby.’”
6ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ فَضَالَةَ بْنِ أَيُّوبَ عَنْ أَبِي الْمَغْرَاءِ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ خَالِدٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) يَقُولُ فِي الْجِدَالِ شَاةٌ وَفِي السِّبَابِ وَالْفُسُوقِ بَقَرَةٌ وَالرَّفَثِ فَسَادُ الْحَجِّ.
6. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from Fadalah ibn Ayyub from abu al- Mighra’ from Sulayman ibn Khalid who has said the following: “I once heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), say, ‘The expiation for abusing and swearing is a cow and because of sexual relation al-Hajj becomes invalid.’”
The Book of Haj
The Dress in the State of al-Thram and Detestable Dress in Such State
1ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ بَعْضِهِمْ (عَلَيْهِم السَّلاَم) قَالَ أَحْرَمَ رَسُولُ الله (صلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) فِي ثَوْبَيْ كُرْسُفٍ.
1. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Hassan ibn Ali from certain persons of our people from one of them (the Imams) (a.s.) who said, “The Messenger of Allah (sw) assumed the state of Ihram in two pieces of cotton fabric.”
2ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ كَانَ ثَوْبَا رَسُولِ الله (صلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) الَّذِي أَحْرَمَ فِيهِمَا يَمَانِيَّيْنِ عِبْرِيٌّ وَظَفَارِ وَفِيهِمَا كُفِّنَ.
2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Mu‘awiyah ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “Abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘The two cloths which the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, used in the state of Ihram were made in Yemen; in ‘Ibriy and Zafa’r (names of two places) and the same two pieces were used for his shroud.’”
3ـ عَلِيٌّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ كُلُّ ثَوْبٍ يُصَلَّى فِيهِ فَلا بَأْسَ أَنْ يُحْرَمَ فِيهِ.
3. Ali has narrated from his father from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Hariz who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Any cloth with which Salat (prayer) is performed is fine to use for Ihram.’”
4ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْكَرِيمِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ سُئِلَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) عَنِ الْخَمِيصَةِ سَدَاهَا إِبْرِيسَمٌ وَلَحْمَتُهَا مِنْ غَزْلٍ قَالَ لا بَأْسَ بِأَنْ يُحْرَمَ فِيهَا إِنَّمَا يُكْرَهُ الْخَالِصُ مِنْهُ.
4. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ‘Abd al-Karim ibn ‘Amr from abu Basir who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), was asked about a fabric in which the warp is silk and its weft is of yarn, if it can be used for Ihram. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not harmful because it is not pure silk.’”
5ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ فَضَالَةَ بْنِ أَيُّوبَ عَنْ شُعَيْبٍ أَبِي صَالِحٍ عَنْ خَالِدٍ أَبِي الْعَلاءِ الْخَفَّافِ قَالَ رَأَيْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) وَعَلَيْهِ بُرْدٌ أَخْضَرُ وَهُوَ مُحْرِمٌ.
5. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from Fadalah ibn Ayyub from Shu’ayb abu Salih from Khalid abu al-‘Ala’ al-Khaffaf who has said the following: “I saw abu Ja‘far (a.s.), in the state of Ihram with a green gown on him.”
6ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ حَنَانِ بْنِ سَدِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ كُنْتُ عِنْدَهُ جَالِساً فَسُئِلَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ يُحْرِمُ فِي ثَوْبٍ فِيهِ حَرِيرٌ فَدَعَا بِإِزَارٍ قُرْقُبِيٍّ فَقَالَ أَنَا أُحْرِمُ فِي هَذَا وَفِيهِ حَرِيرٌ.
6. Muhammad ibn Ahmad has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Isma‘il from Hanan ibn Sadir who has said the following: “Once I was sitting in the presence of abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), when he was asked about a man who uses for Ihram a fabric which has silk in it. He (the Imam) asked for a loincloth made in Qurqabiy (name of a place) and said, ‘I use this for Ihram and it has silk in it.’”
