Man Lā Yaḥḍuruh al-Faqīh

5430 - وَ رَوَى صَفْوَانُ عَنْ مُرَازِمٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا : فِي اَلرَّجُلِ يُعْطِي اَلشَّيْءَ مِنْ مَالِهِ فِي مَرَضِهِ قَالَ "إِذَا أَبَانَ بِهِ فَهُوَ جَائِزٌ وَ إِنْ أَوْصَى بِهِ فَمِنَ اَلثُّلُثِ".

Hadith.5430 - Ṣafwan narrated from Murazim from some of our companions regarding a man who gives something from his wealth during his illness. Imam (as) said: "If he gives it explicitly (clearly handing it over), then it is valid. But if he bequeaths it (without handing it over), then it must be from one-third of his estate."

5431 - رَوَى عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ هَاشِمٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ عَنِ اَلْحَسَنِ بْنِ حَازِمٍ اَلْكَلْبِيِّ اِبْنِ أُخْتِ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ وَ لَيْسَ بِالْجَعْفَرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: "قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : "مَنْ لَمْ يُحْسِنْ وَصِيَّتَهُ عِنْدَ اَلْمَوْتِ كَانَ نَقْصاً فِي مُرُوءَتِهِ وَ عَقْلِهِ" قِيلَ يَا رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ وَ كَيْفَ يُوصِي اَلْمَيِّتُ قَالَ "إِذَا حَضَرَتْهُ وَفَاتُهُ وَ اِجْتَمَعَ اَلنَّاسُ إِلَيْهِ قَالَ -: "اَللّٰهُمَّ فٰاطِرَ اَلسَّمٰاوٰاتِ وَ اَلْأَرْضِ عٰالِمَ اَلْغَيْبِ وَ اَلشَّهٰادَةِ" اَلرَّحْمَنَ اَلرَّحِيمَ اَللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعْهَدُ إِلَيْكَ فِي دَارِ اَلدُّنْيَا أَنِّي أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ أَنْتَ وَحْدَكَ لاَ شَرِيكَ لَكَ وَ أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً عَبْدُكَ وَ رَسُولُكَ وَ أَنَّ اَلْجَنَّةَ حَقٌّ وَ اَلنَّارَ حَقٌّ وَ أَنَّ اَلْبَعْثَ حَقٌّ وَ اَلْحِسَابَ حَقٌّ وَ اَلصِّرَاطَ حَقٌّ وَ اَلْقَدَرَ وَ اَلْمِيزَانَ حَقٌّ وَ أَنَّ اَلدِّينَ كَمَا وَصَفْتَ وَ أَنَّ اَلْإِسْلاَمَ كَمَا شَرَعْتَ وَ أَنَّ اَلْقَوْلَ كَمَا حَدَّثْتَ وَ أَنَّ اَلْقُرْآنَ كَمَا أَنْزَلْتَ وَ أَنَّكَ أَنْتَ اَللَّهُ اَلْحَقُّ اَلْمُبِينُ جَزَى اَللَّهُ مُحَمَّداً عَنَّا خَيْرَ اَلْجَزَاءِ وَ حَيَّا اَللَّهُ مُحَمَّداً وَ آلَ مُحَمَّدٍ بِالسَّلاَمِ اَللَّهُمَّ يَا عُدَّتِي عِنْدَ كُرْبَتِي وَ يَا صَاحِبِي عِنْدَ شِدَّتِي وَ يَا وَلِيَّ نِعْمَتِي إِلَهِي وَ إِلَهَ آبَائِي لاَ تَكِلْنِي إِلَى نَفْسِي طَرْفَةَ عَيْنٍ فَإِنَّكَ إِنْ تَكِلْنِي إِلَى نَفْسِي أَقْرُبْ مِنَ اَلشَّرِّ وَ أَبْعُدْ مِنَ اَلْخَيْرِ فَآنِسْ فِي اَلْقَبْرِ وَحْشَتِي وَ اِجْعَلْ لِي عَهْداً يَوْمَ أَلْقَاكَ مَنْشُوراً ثُمَّ يُوصِي بِحَاجَتِهِ وَ تَصْدِيقُ هَذِهِ اَلْوَصِيَّةِ فِي اَلْقُرْآنِ فِي اَلسُّورَةِ اَلَّتِي تُذْكَرُ فِيهَا مَرْيَمُ فِي قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ ۝ لاٰ يَمْلِكُونَ اَلشَّفٰاعَةَ إِلاّٰ مَنِ اِتَّخَذَ عِنْدَ اَلرَّحْمٰنِ عَهْداً ۝ فَهَذَا عَهْدُ اَلْمَيِّتِ وَ اَلْوَصِيَّةُ حَقٌّ عَلَى كُلِّ مُسْلِمٍ وَ حَقٌّ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَحْفَظَ هَذِهِ اَلْوَصِيَّةَ وَ يُعَلِّمَهَا" وَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ صَلَوَاتُ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ "عَلَّمَنِيهَا رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ " وَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ "عَلَّمَنِيهَا جَبْرَئِيلُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ"".

Hadith.5431 - Ali ibn Ibrahim ibn Hashim narrated from Ali ibn Ishaq, from Al-Hasan ibn Hazim Al-Kalbi, the nephew of Hisham ibn Salim, from Sulayman ibn Ja'far (who was not from the Ja'fari lineage), from Abu Abdullah (as), who said: The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) said: "Whoever does not make a proper will at the time of death, it is a deficiency in his dignity and intellect." It was asked: "O' Messenger of Allah (swt), how does a dying person make a will?" Prophet (sw) replied: "When his death approaches and people gather around him, he should say: "O' Allah (swt), Creator of the heavens and the earth, Knower of the unseen and the seen, the Most Merciful, the Most Compassionate. O' Allah (swt), I make a covenant with You (swt) in this worldly life that I bear witness there is no God but You (swt), alone with no partner. And that Muhammad (sw) is Your (swt) servant and Your Messenger (sw). Paradise is true, Hellfire is true, resurrection is true, reckoning is true, the path (Sirat) is true, divine decree and the scale (Mizan) are true. Indeed, the religion is as You (swt) have described, Islam is as You (swt) have legislated, the word is as You (swt) have conveyed, and the Qur'an is as You (swt) have revealed. And You (swt) are Allah (swt), the True and Manifest. May Allah (swt) reward Muhammad (sw) on our behalf with the best reward, and may Allah (swt) send peace upon Muhammad (sw) and the family of Muhammad (sw). O' Allah (swt), You (swt) are my refuge in my hardship, my companion in my difficulty, and the guardian of my blessings. My God (swt) and the God (swt) of my forefathers, do not leave me to myself for the blink of an eye, for if You (swt) abandon me to myself, I will be closer to evil and farther from good. Bring comfort to my loneliness in the grave, and grant me a written covenant on the Day I meet You (swt). Then he should state his wishes (in his will). The confirmation of this will is found in the Quran, in the chapter where Maryam {s.a} is mentioned, in the words of Allah (swt), the Almighty and Majestic: "They do not possess [the right of] intercession except for those who have taken a covenant with the Most Merciful." (Surah Maryam 19:87) This is the covenant of the dying person, and making a will is an obligation upon every Muslim. It is a duty to preserve this will and to teach it to others. Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "The Messenger of Allah (swt), peace be upon him and his family, taught it to me." And the Messenger of Allah (swt), said: "Jibril (as) taught it to me (from Allah (swt))."

5432 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا اَلْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ عُلْوَانَ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ ثَابِتٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ لِعَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "يَا عَلِيُّ أُوصِيكَ فِي نَفْسِكَ بِخِصَالٍ فَاحْفَظْهَا" ثُمَّ قَالَ "اَللَّهُمَّ أَعِنْهُ أَمَّا اَلْأُولَى فَالصِّدْقُ وَ لاَ تَخْرُجَنَّ مِنْ فِيكَ كَذِبَةٌ أَبَداً وَ اَلثَّانِيَةُ اَلْوَرَعُ حَتَّى لاَ تَجْتَرِيَنَّ عَلَى خِيَانَةٍ أَبَداً وَ اَلثَّالِثَةُ اَلْخَوْفُ مِنَ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ حَتَّى كَأَنَّكَ تَرَاهُ وَ اَلرَّابِعَةُ كَثْرَةُ اَلْبُكَاءِ مِنْ خَشْيَةِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يُبْنَى لَكَ بِكُلِّ دَمْعَةٍ بَيْتٌ فِي اَلْجَنَّةِ وَ اَلْخَامِسَةُ بَذْلُ مَالِكَ وَ دَمِكَ دُونَ دِينِكَ وَ اَلسَّادِسَةُ اَلْأَخْذُ بِسُنَّتِي فِي صَلاَتِي وَ صِيَامِي وَ صَدَقَتِي أَمَّا اَلصَّلاَةُ فَالْخَمْسُونَ رَكْعَةً وَ أَمَّا اَلصِّيَامُ فَثَلاَثَةُ أَيَّامٍ فِي كُلِّ شَهْرٍ، خَمِيسٌ فِي أَوَّلِهِ وَ أَرْبِعَاءُ فِي وَسَطِهِ وَ خَمِيسٌ فِي آخِرِهِ وَ أَمَّا اَلصَّدَقَةُ فَجُهْدَكَ حَتَّى تَقُولَ قَدْ أَسْرَفْتُ وَ لَمْ تُسْرِفْ وَ عَلَيْكَ بِصَلاَةِ اَللَّيْلِ وَ عَلَيْكَ بِصَلاَةِ اَللَّيْلِ وَ عَلَيْكَ بِصَلاَةِ اَللَّيْلِ وَ عَلَيْكَ بِصَلاَةِ اَلزَّوَالِ وَ عَلَيْكَ بِتِلاَوَةِ اَلْقُرْآنِ عَلَى كُلِّ حَالٍ وَ عَلَيْكَ بِرَفْعِ يَدَيْكَ فِي اَلصَّلاَةِ وَ تَقْلِيبِهِمَا بِكِلْتَيْهِمَا وَ عَلَيْكَ بِالسِّوَاكِ عِنْدَ كُلِّ وُضُوءِ كُلِّ صَلاَةٍ وَ عَلَيْكَ بِمَحَاسِنِ اَلْأَخْلاَقِ فَارْكَبْهَا وَ عَلَيْكَ بِمَسَاوِيهَا فَاجْتَنِبْهَا فَإِنْ لَمْ تَفْعَلْ فَلاَ تَلُمْ إِلاَّ نَفْسَكَ".

Hadith.5432 - Al-Husayn ibn Saʿid narrated that Al-Husayn ibn Ulwan reported from Amr ibn Thabit from Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), who said: The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) said to Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as): "O' Ali (as), I advise you regarding certain traits concerning yourself, so preserve them." Then Prophet (sw) said: "O' Allah (swt), assist him! Seek truthfulness - never let a lie leave your mouth. And seek Piety - never allow yourself to commit a betrayal. And seek Fear of Allah (swt), the Almighty and Majestic - as if you see Him (swt). And seek Abundant weeping from the fear of Allah (swt), the Almighty and Majestic - for every tear shed, a house will be built for you in Paradise. And seek Sacrificing your wealth and blood in defense of your religion. And seek Adhering to my tradition in prayer, fasting, and charity. As for prayer, it is fifty rak'ahs. As for fasting, it is three days in every month; a Thursday at the beginning (of the month), a Wednesday in the middle, and a Thursday at the end (of the month). As for charity, it should be given to your utmost ability until you say, 'I have gone to excess,' though you will not have gone to excess. You must uphold the night prayer, you must uphold the night prayer, you must uphold the night prayer. You must uphold the midday prayer (Salat Al-Zawal). You must recite the Quran in all conditions. You must raise your hands in prayer and move them in supplication. You must use the siwak (tooth-stick) before every ablution and before every prayer. You must adopt good morals - embrace them. You must avoid bad morals - stay away from them. If you fail to do so, then blame none but yourself."

5433 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ سُلَيْمِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ اَلْهِلاَلِيِّ قَالَ : شَهِدْتُ وَصِيَّةَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ حِينَ أَوْصَى إِلَى اِبْنِهِ اَلْحَسَنِ وَ أَشْهَدَ عَلَى وَصِيَّتِهِ اَلْحُسَيْنَ وَ مُحَمَّداً وَ جَمِيعَ وُلْدِهِ وَ رُؤَسَاءَ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ وَ شِيعَتِهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ ثُمَّ دَفَعَ إِلَيْهِ اَلْكِتَابَ وَ اَلسِّلاَحَ ثُمَّ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "يَا بُنَيَّ أَمَرَنِي رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ أَنْ أُوصِيَ إِلَيْكَ وَ أَنْ أَدْفَعَ إِلَيْكَ كُتُبِي وَ سِلاَحِي كَمَا أَوْصَى إِلَيَّ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ وَ دَفَعَ إِلَيَّ كُتُبَهُ وَ سِلاَحَهُ وَ أَمَرَنِي أَنْ آمُرَكَ إِذَا حَضَرَكَ اَلْمَوْتُ أَنْ تَدْفَعَهُ إِلَى أَخِيكَ اَلْحُسَيْنِ " قَالَ ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ عَلَى اِبْنِهِ اَلْحُسَيْنِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَقَالَ "وَ أَمَرَكَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ أَنْ تَدْفَعَهُ إِلَى اِبْنِكَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ اَلْحُسَيْنِ " ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ عَلَى اِبْنِهِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ اَلْحُسَيْنِ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ فَقَالَ "وَ أَمَرَكَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ أَنْ تَدْفَعَ وَصِيَّتَكَ إِلَى اِبْنِكَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ فَأَقْرِئْهُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ وَ مِنِّي اَلسَّلاَمَ" ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ عَلَى اِبْنِهِ اَلْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَقَالَ "يَا بُنَيَّ أَنْتَ وَلِيُّ اَلْأَمْرِ وَ وَلِيُّ اَلدَّمِ فَإِنْ عَفَوْتَ فَلَكَ وَ إِنْ قَتَلْتَ فَضَرْبَةً مَكَانَ ضَرْبَةٍ وَ لاَ تَأْثَمْ " ثُمَّ قَالَ "اُكْتُبْ "بِسْمِ اَللّٰهِ اَلرَّحْمٰنِ اَلرَّحِيمِ" هَذَا مَا أَوْصَى بِهِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ أَوْصَى أَنَّهُ يَشْهَدُ أَنْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اَللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لاَ شَرِيكَ لَهُ وَ أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً عَبْدُهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ أَرْسَلَهُ "بِالْهُدىٰ وَ دِينِ اَلْحَقِّ لِيُظْهِرَهُ عَلَى اَلدِّينِ كُلِّهِ وَ لَوْ كَرِهَ اَلْمُشْرِكُونَ" ثُمَّ "إِنَّ صَلاٰتِي وَ نُسُكِي وَ مَحْيٰايَ وَ مَمٰاتِي لِلّٰهِ رَبِّ اَلْعٰالَمِينَ لاٰ شَرِيكَ لَهُ وَ بِذٰلِكَ أُمِرْتُ" وَ أَنَا مِنَ اَلْمُسْلِمِينَ ثُمَّ إِنِّي أُوصِيكَ يَا حَسَنُ وَ جَمِيعَ وُلْدِي وَ أَهْلَ بَيْتِي وَ مَنْ بَلَغَهُ كِتَابِي مِنَ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ بِتَقْوَى اَللَّهِ رَبِّكُمْ "وَ لاٰ تَمُوتُنَّ إِلاّٰ وَ أَنْتُمْ مُسْلِمُونَ وَ اِعْتَصِمُوا بِحَبْلِ اَللّٰهِ جَمِيعاً وَ لاٰ تَفَرَّقُوا وَ اُذْكُرُوا نِعْمَتَ اَللّٰهِ عَلَيْكُمْ إِذْ كُنْتُمْ أَعْدٰاءً فَأَلَّفَ بَيْنَ قُلُوبِكُمْ" فَإِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ يَقُولُ "صَلاَحُ ذَاتِ اَلْبَيْنِ أَفْضَلُ مِنْ عَامَّةِ اَلصَّلاَةِ وَ اَلصِّيَامِ" وَ إِنَّ اَلْبِغْضَةَ حَالِقَةُ اَلدِّينِ وَ فَسَادُ ذَاتِ اَلْبَيْنِ وَ "لاٰ قُوَّةَ إِلاّٰ بِاللّٰهِ" اُنْظُرُوا ذَوِي أَرْحَامِكُمْ فَصِلُوهُمْ يُهَوِّنِ اَللَّهُ عَلَيْكُمْ اَلْحِسَابَ وَ اَللَّهَ اَللَّهَ فِي اَلْأَيْتَامِ فَلاَ تَعِرَّ أَفْوَاهُهُمْ وَ لاَ يَضِيعُوا بِحَضْرَتِكُمْ فَإِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ يَقُولُ "مَنْ عَالَ يَتِيماً حَتَّى يَسْتَغْنِيَ أَوْجَبَ اَللَّهُ لَهُ اَلْجَنَّةَ كَمَا أَوْجَبَ لآِكِلِ مَالِ اَلْيَتِيمِ اَلنَّارَ " وَ اَللَّهَ اَللَّهَ فِي اَلْقُرْآنِ فَلاَ يَسْبِقَنَّكُمْ إِلَى اَلْعَمَلِ بِهِ غَيْرُكُمْ وَ اَللَّهَ اَللَّهَ فِي جِيرَانِكُمْ فَإِنَّ اَللَّهَ وَ رَسُولَهُ أَوْصَيَا بِهِمْ وَ اَللَّهَ اَللَّهَ فِي بَيْتِ رَبِّكُمْ فَلاَ يَخْلُوَنَّ مِنْكُمْ مَا بَقِيتُمْ فَإِنَّهُ إِنْ تُرِكَ لَمْ تُنَاظَرُوا فَإِنَّ أَدْنَى مَا يَرْجِعُ بِهِ مَنْ أَمَّهُ أَنْ يُغْفَرَ لَهُ مَا سَلَفَ مِنْ ذَنْبِهِ وَ اَللَّهَ اَللَّهَ فِي اَلصَّلاَةِ فَإِنَّهَا خَيْرُ اَلْعَمَلِ وَ إِنَّهَا عَمُودُ دِينِكُمْ وَ اَللَّهَ اَللَّهَ فِي اَلزَّكَاةِ فَإِنَّهَا تُطْفِئُ غَضَبَ رَبِّكُمْ وَ اَللَّهَ اَللَّهَ فِي صِيَامِ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَإِنَّ صِيَامَهُ جُنَّةٌ مِنَ اَلنَّارِ وَ اَللَّهَ اَللَّهَ فِي اَلْفُقَرَاءِ وَ اَلْمَسَاكِينِ فَشَارِكُوهُمْ فِي مَعِيشَتِكُمْ وَ اَللَّهَ اَللَّهَ فِي اَلْجِهَادِ "فِي سَبِيلِ اَللّٰهِ بِأَمْوٰالِكُمْ وَ أَنْفُسِكُمْ" فَإِنَّمَا يُجَاهِدُ فِي سَبِيلِ اَللَّهِ رَجُلاَنِ إِمَامٌ هُدًى وَ مُطِيعٌ لَهُ مُقْتَدٍ بِهُدَاهُ وَ اَللَّهَ اَللَّهَ فِي ذُرِّيَّةِ نَبِيِّكُمْ فَلاَ تُظْلَمُنَّ بَيْنَ أَظْهُرِكُمْ وَ أَنْتُمْ تَقْدِرُونَ عَلَى اَلدَّفْعِ عَنْهُمْ وَ اَللَّهَ اَللَّهَ فِي أَصْحَابِ نَبِيِّكُمُ اَلَّذِينَ لَمْ يُحْدِثُوا حَدَثاً وَ لَمْ يُؤْوُوا مُحْدِثاً فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ أَوْصَى بِهِمْ وَ لَعَنَ اَلْمُحْدِثَ مِنْهُمْ وَ مِنْ غَيْرِهِمْ وَ اَلْمُؤْوِيَ لِلْمُحْدِثِ وَ اَللَّهَ اَللَّهَ فِي اَلنِّسَاءِ وَ مَا مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ لاَ تَخَافُنَّ فِي اَللَّهِ لَوْمَةَ لاَئِمٍ يَكْفِيكُمُ اَللَّهُ مَنْ أَرَادَكُمْ وَ بَغَى عَلَيْكُمْ "قُولُوا لِلنّٰاسِ حُسْناً" كَمَا أَمَرَكُمُ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لاَ تَتْرُكُنَّ اَلْأَمْرَ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَ اَلنَّهْيَ عَنِ اَلْمُنْكَرِ فَيُوَلِّيَ اَللَّهُ اَلْأَمْرَ شِرَارَكُمْ، ثُمَّ تَدْعُونَ فَلاَ يُسْتَجَابُ لَكُمْ، عَلَيْكُمْ يَا بَنِيَّ بِالتَّوَاصُلِ وَ اَلتَّبَاذُلِ وَ اَلتَّبَارِّ وَ إِيَّاكُمْ وَ اَلتَّقَاطُعَ وَ اَلتَّدَابُرَ وَ اَلتَّفَرُّقَ وَ "تَعٰاوَنُوا عَلَى اَلْبِرِّ وَ اَلتَّقْوىٰ وَ لاٰ تَعٰاوَنُوا عَلَى اَلْإِثْمِ وَ اَلْعُدْوٰانِ وَ اِتَّقُوا اَللّٰهَ إِنَّ اَللّٰهَ شَدِيدُ اَلْعِقٰابِ" حَفِظَكُمُ اَللَّهُ مِنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتٍ وَ حَفِظَ فِيكُمْ نَبِيَّكُمْ وَ أَسْتَوْدِعُكُمُ اَللَّهَ وَ أَقْرَأُ عَلَيْكُمُ اَلسَّلاَمَ" ثُمَّ لَمْ يَزَلْ يَقُولُ: " لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اَللَّهُ " حَتَّى قُبِضَ صَلَوَاتُ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ وَ سَلاَمُهُ فِي أَوَّلِ لَيْلَةٍ مِنَ اَلْعَشْرِ اَلْأَوَاخِرِ، لَيْلَةَ إِحْدَى وَ عِشْرِينَ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ لَيْلَةَ اَلْجُمُعَةِ لِأَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً مَضَتْ مِنَ اَلْهِجْرَةِ.

Hadith.5433 - It is narrated from Sulaym ibn Qays Al-Hilali who said: "I witnessed the will of Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) when he appointed his son Imam Hasan ibn Ali (as) as his successor and made Imam Hussain ibn Ali (as), Muhammad (Hanafiya), all of his children, the prominent members of his household, and his followers (Shi'a) witnesses to his will. Then Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) handed over to him (Imam Hasan ibn Ali (as)) the book and the weapon, and Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: 'O' my son, the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) commanded me to appoint you as my successor and to hand over to you my books and my weapon, just as he appointed me and handed over his books and his weapon to me. He (sw) also commanded me to instruct you that when death approaches you, you should hand them over to your brother Al- Hussain (as).' Then he turned to his son Imam Hussain ibn Ali (as) and said: 'And the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) commanded you to hand it over to your son Ali ibn Al- Hussain (as).' Then he turned to his son Imam Ali ibn Al-Hussain (as) and said: 'And the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) commanded you to hand your will over to your son Muhammad ibn Ali (as). Convey to him the greetings of peace from the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) and from me.' Then Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) turned to his son Imam Hasan ibn Ali (as) and said: 'O' my son, you are the guardian of the matter and the avenger of the blood. If you forgive, it is your right, and if you choose to retaliate, then strike only as you were struck, and do not transgress.' Then Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: 'Write: In the name of Allah (swt), the Most Merciful, the Most Compassionate. This is what Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) bequeathed. He (as) bears witness that there is no God but Allah (swt), alone without partner, and that Muhammad (sw) is His (swt) servant and Messenger, whom He (swt) sent with guidance and the religion of truth so that He (swt) may make it prevail over all religions, even if the polytheists dislike it." Then Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) continued: "Indeed, my prayer, my sacrifice, my life, and my death are for Allah (swt), the Lord (azj) of the worlds. He (swt) has no partner, and with this I have been commanded, and I am among the Muslims." Then Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "I advise you, O' Hasan (as), and all of my children, my household, and everyone who receives this letter from among the believers to fear Allah (swt), your Lord (azj), and do not die except while you are Muslims.' And hold firmly to the rope of Allah (swt) all together and do not become divided. Remember Allah's (swt) favor upon you when you were enemies, and He (swt) brought your hearts together.' Indeed, I heard the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) say: Reconciliation between people is better than most prayers and fasting.' Hatred destroys religion, and corruption between people is destructive. There is no power except with Allah (swt).' Take care of your relatives and maintain ties with them, for Allah (swt) will make your reckoning easier. By Allah (swt), by Allah (swt), be mindful of orphans - do not let their mouths hunger, and do not let them be neglected in your presence. For I heard the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) say: 'Whoever takes care of an orphan until they become self-sufficient, Allah (swt) will make Paradise obligatory for them, just as He (swt) has made the Fire obligatory for one who consumes the property of an orphan.'" Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) continued: "By Allah (swt), by Allah (swt), be mindful of the Qur'an. Let no one surpass you in acting upon it. By Allah (swt), by Allah (swt), be mindful of your neighbours, for Allah (swt) and His Messenger have both advised concerning them. By Allah (swt), by Allah (swt), be mindful of the House of your Lord (azj). Do not let it be abandoned as long as you live, for if it is neglected, you will be forsaken. The least reward one receives upon visiting it is that past sins are forgiven. By Allah (swt), by Allah (swt), be mindful of prayer, for it is the best of deeds and the pillar of your religion. By Allah (swt), by Allah (swt), be mindful of zakat, for it extinguishes the anger of your Lord (azj). By Allah (swt), by Allah (swt), be mindful of fasting during the month of Ramadan, for fasting is a shield against the Fire. By Allah (swt), by Allah (swt), be mindful of the poor and the needy. Include them in your livelihood. By Allah (swt), by Allah (swt), be mindful of jihad in the way of Allah (swt) with your wealth and your lives. Indeed, the one who truly strives in the way of Allah (swt) is either a guiding leader or one who obeys him and follows his guidance. By Allah (swt), by Allah (swt), be mindful of the progeny of your Prophet (sw). Do not let them be wronged while they are among you and you have the power to defend them. By Allah (swt), by Allah (swt), be mindful of the companions of your Prophet (sw) - those who did not commit innovations and did not support innovators. For the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) advised regarding them and cursed the one who innovates among them or others and those who support innovators. By Allah (swt), by Allah (swt), be mindful of women and those whom your right hands possess. Do not fear the blame of the blamers when it comes to Allah (swt). Allah (swt) will suffice you against those who wish you harm and plot against you. Speak kindly to people' as Allah (swt), the Exalted, has commanded you. Do not neglect enjoining what is right and forbidding what is wrong, lest Allah (swt) gives authority to the worst among you. Then you will pray, and your prayers will not be answered. O' my children! Maintain ties with one another, be generous to one another, and be kind to each other. Beware of severing ties, turning your backs on one another, and division. Cooperate in righteousness and piety, and do not cooperate in sin and aggression. And fear Allah (swt); indeed, Allah (swt) is severe in punishment.' May Allah (swt) protect you, O' people of my household, and preserve through you your Prophet (sw). I entrust you to Allah (swt) and convey my peace upon you." Then Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) continued to say: "There is no God but Allah (swt)," until he passed away - peace and blessings be upon him - in the early night of the last ten nights, on the twenty-first night of the month of Ramadan, on a Friday night, in the fortieth year after the Hijrah.

5434 - رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ اَلْفُضَيْلِ عَنْ أَبِي اَلصَّبَّاحِ اَلْكِنَانِيِّ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: ۝ يٰا أَيُّهَا اَلَّذِينَ آمَنُوا شَهٰادَةُ بَيْنِكُمْ إِذٰا حَضَرَ أَحَدَكُمُ اَلْمَوْتُ حِينَ اَلْوَصِيَّةِ اِثْنٰانِ ذَوٰا عَدْلٍ مِنْكُمْ أَوْ آخَرٰانِ مِنْ غَيْرِكُمْ ۝ قَالَ "هُمَا كَافِرَانِ " قُلْتُ ذَوَا عَدْلٍ مِنْكُمْ قَالَ " مُسْلِمَانِ ".

Hadith.5434 - Muhammad ibn Al-Fuḍayl narrated from Abu Al-Ṣabah Al-Kinani, who said: I asked Abu Abdullah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) about the saying of Allah (swt), the Mighty and Majestic: "O' you who believe! Witnesses between you when death approaches one of you, at the time of bequest, are two just men from among you, or two others from outside of you." (Surah Al-Ma'idah 5:106) Imam (as) said: "They are two disbelievers." I asked: "Two just men from among you?" Imam (as) said: "They are two Muslims."

5435 - وَ رَوَى حَمَّادُ بْنُ عِيسَى عَنْ رِبْعِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي شَهَادَةِ اِمْرَأَةٍ حَضَرَتْ رَجُلاً يُوصِي لَيْسَ مَعَهَا رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ "تُجَازُ فِي رُبُعِ اَلْوَصِيَّةِ".

Hadith.5435 - Hammad ibn ʿIsa narrated from Ribʿi ibn Abdullah from Abu Abdullah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) regarding the testimony of a woman who was present when a man was making a will, and there was no man with her. Imam (as) said: "Her testimony is accepted for one-fourth of the will."

5436 - وَ رَوَى يُونُسُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اَلرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ "يٰا أَيُّهَا اَلَّذِينَ آمَنُوا شَهٰادَةُ بَيْنِكُمْ إِذٰا حَضَرَ أَحَدَكُمُ اَلْمَوْتُ حِينَ اَلْوَصِيَّةِ اِثْنٰانِ ذَوٰا عَدْلٍ مِنْكُمْ أَوْ آخَرٰانِ مِنْ غَيْرِكُمْ" قَالَ "اَللَّذَانِ مِنْكُمْ مُسْلِمَانِ وَ اَللَّذَانِ مِنْ غَيْرِكُمْ مِنْ أَهْلِ اَلْكِتَابِ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَجِدُوا مِنْ أَهْلِ اَلْكِتَابِ فَمِنَ اَلْمَجُوسِ لِأَنَّ فِي اَلْمَجُوسِ سُنَّةَ أَهْلِ اَلْكِتَابِ فِي اَلْجِزْيَةِ وَ ذَلِكَ إِذَا مَاتَ اَلرَّجُلُ فِي أَرْضِ غُرْبَةٍ فَلَمْ يُوجَدْ مُسْلِمَانِ أُشْهِدَ رَجُلاَنِ مِنْ أَهْلِ اَلْكِتَابِ يُحْبَسَانِ بَعْدَ اَلْعَصْرِ ۝ فَيُقْسِمٰانِ بِاللّٰهِ إِنِ اِرْتَبْتُمْ لاٰ نَشْتَرِي بِهِ ثَمَناً وَ لَوْ كٰانَ ذٰا قُرْبىٰ وَ لاٰ نَكْتُمُ شَهٰادَةَ اَللّٰهِ إِنّٰا إِذاً لَمِنَ اَلْآثِمِين۝ قَالَ "وَ ذَلِكَ إِنِ اِرْتَابَ وَلِيُّ اَلْمَيِّتِ فِي شَهَادَتِهِمَا فَإِنْ عَثَرَ عَلَى أَنَّهُمَا شَهِدَا بِالْبَاطِلِ فَلَيْسَ لَهُ أَنْ يَنْقُضَ شَهَادَتَهُمَا حَتَّى يَجِيءَ بِشَاهِدَيْنِ فَيَقُومَانِ مَقَامَ اَلشَّاهِدَيْنِ اَلْأَوَّلَيْنِ "فَيُقْسِمٰانِ بِاللّٰهِ لَشَهٰادَتُنٰا أَحَقُّ مِنْ شَهٰادَتِهِمٰا وَ مَا اِعْتَدَيْنٰا إِنّٰا إِذاً لَمِنَ اَلظّٰالِمِينَ" فَإِذَا فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ نَقَضَ شَهَادَةَ اَلْأَوَّلَيْنِ وَ جَازَتْ شَهَادَةُ اَلْآخَرَيْنِ يَقُولُ اَللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى: ۝ ذٰلِكَ أَدْنىٰ أَنْ يَأْتُوا بِالشَّهٰادَةِ عَلىٰ وَجْهِهٰا أَوْ يَخٰافُوا أَنْ تُرَدَّ أَيْمٰانٌ بَعْدَ أَيْمٰانِهِمْ ۝ ".

Hadith.5436 - Yunus ibn Abd Al-Rahman narrated from Yahya ibn Muhammad from Abu Abdullah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as), who said: I asked Imam (as) about the saying of Allah (swt), the Mighty and Majestic: "O' you who believe! Witnesses between you when death approaches one of you, at the time of bequest, are two just men from among you, or two others from outside of you." (Surah Al-Ma'idah 5:106) Imam (as) said: "The two from among you are Muslims, and the two from outside of you are from the People of the Book (Ahl Al-Kitab). If you do not find two from the People of the Book, then from the Magians (Zoroastrians), because within the Magians is a tradition similar to the People of the Book regarding the jizyah (tax). This applies when a man dies in a foreign land and no two Muslims are present. In such a case, two men from the People of the Book are made witnesses. They are detained after the Asr prayer and must swear by Allah (swt) if you doubt them: 'We will not sell our testimony for any price, even if it is for a near relative, and we will not conceal the testimony of Allah (swt), for then we would indeed be among the sinful.'" (Surah Al-Ma'idah 5:106) Imam (as) said: "This applies if the guardian of the deceased doubts their testimony. If it is discovered that they gave false testimony, he cannot nullify their testimony unless he brings two other witnesses. These two will then take the place of the first two witnesses and swear by Allah (swt): 'Our testimony is truer than their testimony, and we have not transgressed; indeed, we would then be among the wrongdoers.' (Surah Al-Ma'idah 5:107) If they do this, the testimony of the first two witnesses is annulled, and the testimony of the second pair is accepted. Allah (swt), the Blessed and Exalted, says: 'This is more likely to ensure that they give their testimony properly or fear that oaths will be taken after their oaths.' (Surah Al-Ma'idah 5:108)"

5437 - رَوَى اَلسَّكُونِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "أَوَّلُ شَيْءٍ يُبْدَأُ بِهِ مِنَ اَلْمَالِ اَلْكَفَنُ ثُمَّ اَلدَّيْنُ ثُمَّ اَلْوَصِيَّةُ ثُمَّ اَلْمِيرَاثُ".

Hadith.5437 - Al-Sakuni narrated from Abu Abdullah (as), who said: "The first thing to be taken care of from the wealth (of the deceased) is the shroud (for burial), then the debts, then the will, and then the inheritance."

5438 - وَ رَوَى عَاصِمُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "إِنَّ اَلدَّيْنَ قَبْلَ اَلْوَصِيَّةِ ثُمَّ اَلْوَصِيَّةَ عَلَى أَثَرِ اَلدَّيْنِ ثُمَّ اَلْمِيرَاثَ بَعْدَ اَلْوَصِيَّةِ فَإِنَّ أَوْلَى اَلْقَضَاءِ كِتَابُ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ".

Hadith.5438 - Aṣim ibn Humayd narrated from Muhammad ibn Qays from Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), who said that the Commander of the Faithful (as) said: "Indeed, the debt takes precedence over the will, then the will follows after the debt, and then the inheritance comes after the will. Verily, fulfilling what is prescribed in the Book of Allah (swt), the Mighty and Majestic, has the highest priority."

5439 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "اَلْكَفَنُ مِنْ جَمِيعِ اَلْمَالِ".

Hadith.5439 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Abdullah ibn Sinan from Abu Abdullah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as), who said: "The shroud (for burial) is to be provided from the entirety of the wealth (of the deceased)."