Man Lā Yaḥḍuruh al-Faqīh

4769 - رَوَى زُرْعَةُ عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ طَلاَقِ اَلْغُلاَمِ وَ لَمْ يَحْتَلِمْ وَ صَدَقَتِهِ فَقَالَ "إِذَا طَلَّقَ لِلسُّنَّةِ وَ وَضَعَ اَلصَّدَقَةَ فِي مَوْضِعِهَا وَ حَقِّهَا فَلاَ بَأْسَ وَ هُوَ جَائِزٌ".

Hadith.4769 - Zuraʿah narrated from Samaʿah who said: I asked Imam (as) about the divorce issued by a young boy who has not yet reached puberty and about his giving of charity. Imam (as) said: "If he divorces according to the Sunnah and places the charity in its rightful place and for its due purpose, then there is no harm, and it is valid."

4770 - رَوَى عَبْدُ اَلْكَرِيمِ بْنُ عَمْرٍو عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ طَلاَقِ اَلْمَعْتُوهِ اَلزَّائِلِ اَلْعَقْلِ أَ يَجُوزُ فَقَالَ "لاَ" وَ عَنِ اَلْمَرْأَةِ إِذَا كَانَتْ كَذَلِكَ يَجُوزُ بَيْعُهَا وَ صَدَقَتُهَا فَقَالَ "لاَ".

Hadith.4770 - Abd al-Karim ibn ʿAmr narrated from al-Ḥalabi from Abu Abdullah (as) who said: I asked Imam (as) about the divorce of a mentally impaired person whose intellect is diminished, whether it is permissible? Imam (as) replied: "No." I (narrator) also asked about a woman in the same condition, whether it is permissible to sell her property or manage her dowry? He replied: "No."

4771 - وَ رَوَى حَمَّادُ بْنُ عِيسَى عَنْ شُعَيْبٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنِ اَلْمَعْتُوهِ يَجُوزُ طَلاَقُهُ فَقَالَ "مَا هُوَ" فَقُلْتُ اَلْأَحْمَقُ اَلذَّاهِبُ اَلْعَقْلِ فَقَالَ "نَعَمْ".

Hadith.4771 - Ḥammad ibn ʿIsa narrated from Shuʿayb, from Abu Baṣir, from Abu Abdullah (as), that Imam (as) who was asked about the validity of a divorce issued by a mentally impaired person (ma'tooh). Imam (as) responded: "What do you mean by that?" I said: "The foolish one who lacks sound reasoning." Imam (as) replied: "Yes, it is valid."

4772 - مَا رَوَاهُ صَفْوَانُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَبِي خَالِدٍ اَلْقَمَّاطِ قَالَ: قُلْتُ، لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ رَجُلٌ يَعْرِفُ رَأْيَهُ مَرَّةً وَ يُنْكِرُهُ أُخْرَى يَجُوزُ طَلاَقُ وَلِيِّهِ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ "مَا لَهُ هُوَ لاَ يُطَلِّقُ" قَالَ قُلْتُ لاَ يَعْرِفُ حَدَّ اَلطَّلاَقِ وَ لاَ يُؤْمَنُ عَلَيْهِ إِنْ طَلَّقَ اَلْيَوْمَ أَنْ يَقُولَ غَداً لَمْ أُطَلِّقْ فَقَالَ "مَا أَرَاهُ إِلاَّ بِمَنْزِلَةِ اَلْإِمَامِ يَعْنِي اَلْوَلِيَّ".

Hadith.4772 - Ṣafwan ibn Yaḥya narrated from Abu Khalid al-Qammaṭ, who said: I said to Abu Abdillah (as): "A man who sometimes understands his own position and at other times denies it, can his guardian (wali) issue a divorce on his behalf?" Imam (as) said: "What is wrong with him? Can he not divorce himself?" I said: "He does not understand the rules of divorce, and if he divorces today, he might say tomorrow that he did not divorce." Imam (as) said: "I see him (wali) as being in the position of an Imam - that is, the guardian (wali) has authority over him."

4773 - رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ اَلْفُضَيْلِ عَنْ أَبِي اَلصَّبَّاحِ اَلْكِنَانِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: "إِذَا طَلَّقَ اَلرَّجُلُ اِمْرَأَتَهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ بِهَا فَلَهَا نِصْفُ مَهْرِهَا وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ سَمَّى لَهَا مَهْراً فَ‍ "مَتٰاعٌ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ".. "عَلَى اَلْمُوسِعِ قَدَرُهُ وَ عَلَى اَلْمُقْتِرِ قَدَرُهُ" وَ لَيْسَ لَهَا عِدَّةٌ تَتَزَوَّجُ مَنْ شَاءَتْ مِنْ سَاعَتِهَا ".

Hadith.4773 - Muhammad ibn al-Fudayl narrated from Abu al-Sabbah al-Kinani, who reported from Abu Abdullah (as) that he said: "If a man divorces his wife before consummating the marriage, she is entitled to half of her dowry. However, if he had not specified a dowry for her, then 'provision must be made for her in a fair manner', 'according to the means of the wealthy and according to the means of the poor.' She does not have to observe any waiting period (iddah) and may marry whomever she wishes immediately."

4774 - وَ رَوَى عَمْرُو بْنُ شِمْرٍ عَنْ جَابِرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي قَوْلِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ ۝ ثُمَّ طَلَّقْتُمُوهُنَّ مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ تَمَسُّوهُنَّ فَمٰا لَكُمْ عَلَيْهِنَّ مِنْ عِدَّةٍ تَعْتَدُّونَهٰا فَمَتِّعُوهُنَّ وَ سَرِّحُوهُنَّ سَرٰاحاً جَمِيلاً ۝ قَالَ "مَتِّعُوهُنَّ أَيْ جَمِّلُوهُنَّ بِمَا قَدَرْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ مَعْرُوفٍ فَإِنَّهُنَّ يَرْجِعْنَ بِكَآبَةٍ وَ وَحْشَةٍ وَ هَمٍّ عَظِيمٍ وَ شَمَاتَةٍ مِنْ أَعْدَائِهِنَّ فَإِنَّ اَللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ كَرِيمٌ يَسْتَحْيِي وَ يُحِبُّ أَهْلَ اَلْحَيَاءِ إِنَّ أَكْرَمَكُمْ أَشَدُّكُمْ إِكْرَاماً لِحَلاَئِلِهِمْ".

Hadith.4774 - Amr ibn Shimr narrated from Jabir, who reported from Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) regarding the saying of Allah (swt), the Almighty: "Then if you divorce them before you have touched them, there is no waiting period (iddah) for you to count against them. So provide for them and release them in a gracious manner." (Surah Al-Ahzab 33:49) Imam (as) said: "Provide for them," meaning adorn them with whatever you are able to from kindness, for they return with sorrow, loneliness, great grief, and become a subject of gloating for their enemies. Indeed, Allah (swt), the Almighty, is generous, feels shy, and loves those who possess modesty. The most honorable among you is the one who honors his wives the most.

4775 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ اَلْبَزَنْطِيِّ : "أَنَّ مُتْعَةَ اَلْمُطَلَّقَةِ فَرِيضَةٌ".

Hadith.4775 - In the narration of Al-Bazanti: "The mut'ah (compensatory gift) for a divorced woman is an obligation (faridah)."

4776 - وَ رُوِيَ: "أَنَّ اَلْغَنِيَّ يُمَتِّعُ بِدَارٍ أَوْ خَادِمٍ وَ اَلْوَسَطَ يُمَتِّعُ بِثَوْبٍ وَ اَلْفَقِيرَ بِدِرْهَمٍ أَوْ خَاتَمٍ".

Hadith.4776 - It is narrated: "The wealthy man should provide a house or a servant as a parting gift, the middle-income man should provide clothing, and the poor man should provide a silver coin or a ring."

4777 - وَ رُوِيَ: "أَنَّ أَدْنَاهُ اَلْخِمَارُ وَ شِبْهُهُ".

Hadith.4777 - It is narrated: "The minimum (parting gift) is a headscarf or something similar to it."

4778 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَلَبِيُّ وَ أَبُو بَصِيرٍ وَ سَمَاعَةُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي قَوْلِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: ۝ وَ إِنْ طَلَّقْتُمُوهُنَّ مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ تَمَسُّوهُنَّ وَ قَدْ فَرَضْتُمْ لَهُنَّ فَرِيضَةً فَنِصْفُ مٰا فَرَضْتُمْ إِلاّٰ أَنْ يَعْفُونَ أَوْ يَعْفُوَا اَلَّذِي بِيَدِهِ عُقْدَةُ اَلنِّكٰاحِ ۝ قَالَ "هُوَ اَلْأَبُ أَوِ اَلْأَخُ أَوِ اَلرَّجُلُ يُوصَى إِلَيْهِ وَ اَلَّذِي يَجُوزُ أَمْرُهُ فِي مَالِ اَلْمَرْأَةِ فَيَبْتَاعُ لَهَا وَ يَتَّجِرُ فَإِذَا عَفَا فَقَدْ جَازَ".

Hadith.4778 - Al-Halabi, Abu Basir, and Sama'ah narrated from Abu Abdullah (as) regarding the saying of Allah (swt), the Exalted: "And if you divorce them before you have touched them and you have already specified a dowry for them, then half of what you have specified must be paid, unless they forgo it or the one in whose hand is the marriage contract forgoes it" (Surah Al-Baqarah 2:237). Imam (as) said: "It refers to the father, the brother, or the man who is entrusted with her affairs and whose authority over the woman's wealth is accepted, as he buys and trades for her. So, if he waives it, it becomes valid."