Book of Fasting
Chapter on Zakat Al-Fitrah
2062 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ اَلْأَشْعَرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي اَلْحَسَنِ اَلرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلْفِطْرَةِ كَمْ تُدْفَعُ عَنْ كُلِّ رَأْسٍ مِنَ اَلْحِنْطَةِ وَ اَلشَّعِيرِ وَ اَلتَّمْرِ وَ اَلزَّبِيبِ قَالَ «صَاعٌ بِصَاعِ اَلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ ».
Hadith.2062 - It is narrated from Muhammad ibn Khalid, from Sa’d ibn Sa’d Al-Ash’ari, who said:
"I asked Abu Al-Hasan Al-Ridha (as) about Zakat al-Fitr: how much should be given per head from wheat, barley, dates, and raisins?"
Imam (as) replied: "One sa' (measure) according to the sa' of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family)."
2063 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ اَلْهَمَذَانِيِّ وَ كَانَ مَعَنَا حَاجّاً قَالَ: كَتَبْتُ إِلَى أَبِي اَلْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَلَى يَدِ أَبِي جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ أَنَّ أَصْحَابَنَا اِخْتَلَفُوا فِي اَلصَّاعِ بَعْضُهُمْ يَقُولُ اَلْفِطْرَةُ بِصَاعِ اَلْمَدَنِيِّ وَ بَعْضُهُمْ يَقُولُ بِصَاعِ اَلْعِرَاقِيِّ فَكَتَبَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ إِلَيَّ «اَلصَّاعُ سِتَّةُ أَرْطَالٍ بِالْمَدَنِيِّ وَ تِسْعَةُ أَرْطَالٍ بِالْعِرَاقِيِّ» قَالَ وَ أَخْبَرَنِي «أَنَّهُ يَكُونُ بِالْوَزْنِ أَلْفاً وَ مِائَةً وَ سَبْعِينَ وَزْنَةً».
Hadith.2063 - It is narrated from Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Yahya, from Ja'far ibn Ibrahim ibn Muhammad Al-Hamadhani, who was with us during Hajj. He said:
"I wrote to Abu Al-Hasan (as) through Abu (a messenger), saying: 'May I be your ransom, our companions have differed regarding the measure of the sa': some say Zakat al-Fitr is based on the Madani sa', while others say it is based on the Iraqi sa'.'
Imam (as) wrote back to me: 'The sa' is six ritls (weights) by the Madani measure and nine ritls by the Iraqi measure.'
Imam (as) further informed me: 'By weight, it is 1,170 weights (units).'"
2064 - وَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : «مَنْ لَمْ يَجِدِ اَلْحِنْطَةَ وَ اَلشَّعِيرَ أَجْزَأَ عَنْهُ اَلْقَمْحُ وَ اَلسُّلْتُ وَ اَلْعَلَسُ وَ اَلذُّرَةُ ».
Hadith.2064 - Abu Abdullah (as) said:
"Whoever cannot find wheat or barley, it is sufficient for him to give in place of it wheat flour, spelt, emmer, or corn."
2065 - كَتَبَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ اَلْقَاسِمِ بْنِ اَلْفُضَيْلِ اَلْبَصْرِيُّ إِلَى أَبِي اَلْحَسَنِ اَلرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : يَسْأَلُهُ عَنِ اَلْوَصِيِّ يُزَكِّي زَكَاةَ اَلْفِطْرَةِ عَنِ اَلْيَتَامَى إِذَا كَانَ لَهُمْ مَالٌ فَكَتَبَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ «لاَ زَكَاةَ عَلَى يَتِيمٍ ».
Hadith.2065 - Muhammad ibn Al-Qasim ibn Al-Fudhayl Al-Basri wrote to Abu Al-Hasan Al-Ridha (as), asking about whether a guardian should pay Zakat al-Fitr on behalf of orphans if they have wealth.
Imam (as) replied: "There is no Zakat upon an orphan."
2066 - وَ رَوَى سَيْفُ بْنُ عَمِيرَةَ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ اَلرَّجُلُ لاَ يَكُونُ عِنْدَهُ شَيْءٌ مِنَ اَلْفِطْرَةِ إِلاَّ مَا يُؤَدِّي عَنْ نَفْسِهِ وَحْدَهَا أَ يُعْطِيهِ عَنْهَا أَوْ يَأْكُلُ هُوَ وَ عِيَالُهُ قَالَ «يُعْطِي بَعْضَ عِيَالِهِ ثُمَّ يُعْطِي اَلْآخَرُ عَنْ نَفْسِهِ يُرَدِّدُونَهَا بَيْنَهُمْ فَتَكُونُ عَنْهُمْ جَمِيعاً فِطْرَةٌ وَاحِدَةٌ ».
Hadith.2066 - It is narrated from Saif ibn Amirah, from Ishaq ibn Ammar, who said:
"I asked Abu Abdullah (as): 'A man has nothing for Zakat al-Fitr except enough to pay for himself alone. Should he give it for himself, or should he use it for himself and his family?'
Imam (as) replied: 'He should give it to some of his family, and then that person gives it on behalf of another, passing it among themselves, so that it counts as Zakat al-Fitr for all of them collectively.'"
2067 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ عِنْدَهُ اَلضَّيْفُ مِنْ إِخْوَانِهِ فَيَحْضُرُ يَوْمُ اَلْفِطْرِ يُؤَدِّي عَنْهُ اَلْفِطْرَةَ فَقَالَ «نَعَمْ اَلْفِطْرَةُ وَاجِبَةٌ عَلَى كُلِّ مَنْ يَعُولُ مِنْ ذَكَرٍ أَوْ أُنْثَى صَغِيرٍ أَوْ كَبِيرٍ حُرٍّ أَوْ مَمْلُوكٍ ».
Hadith.2067 - It is narrated from Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub, from Umar ibn Yazid, who said:
"I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who has a guest from among his brethren staying with him when the Day of Eid al-Fitr arrives. Should he pay Zakat al-Fitr on his behalf?"
Imam (as) replied: "Yes, Zakat al-Fitr is obligatory for everyone he supports, whether male or female, young or old, free or enslaved."
2068 - وَ رَوَى إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «لاَ بَأْسَ أَنْ يُعْطِيَ اَلرَّجُلُ اَلرَّجُلَ عَنْ رَأْسَيْنِ وَ ثَلاَثَةٍ وَ أَرْبَعَةٍ يَعْنِي اَلْفِطْرَةَ.
Hadith.2068 - It is narrated from Ishaq ibn Ammar, from Abu Abdullah (as), who said:
"There is no harm if a man gives Zakat al-Fitr on behalf of two, three, or even four individuals."
2069 - وَ فِي خَبَرٍ آخَرَ قَالَ: «لاَ بَأْسَ بِأَنْ تَدْفَعَ عَنْ نَفْسِكَ وَ عَنْ مَنْ تَعُولُ إِلَى وَاحِدٍ».
Hadith.2069 - In another narration, it is said:
"There is no harm in giving Zakat al-Fitr for yourself and those you support to a single recipient."
2070 - رَوَى ذَلِكَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي اَلْمَوْلُودِ يُولَدُ لَيْلَةَ اَلْفِطْرِ وَ اَلْيَهُودِيِّ وَ اَلنَّصْرَانِيِّ يُسْلِمُ لَيْلَةَ اَلْفِطْرِ قَالَ «لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِمْ فِطْرَةٌ لَيْسَ اَلْفِطْرَةُ إِلاَّ عَلَى مَنْ أَدْرَكَ اَلشَّهْرَ».
Hadith.2070 - It is narrated by Ali ibn Abi Hamzah, from Mu'awiyah ibn Ammar, from Abu Abdullah (as), regarding a child born on the night of Eid al-Fitr or a Jew or Christian who converts to Islam on the night of Eid al-Fitr.
Imam (as) said: "There is no Zakat al-Fitr upon them. Zakat al-Fitr is only obligatory on those who have completed the month (i.e., were present during Month of Ramadan)."
2071 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عِيسَى عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ بِلاَلٍ قَالَ: كَتَبْتُ إِلَى اَلطَّيِّبِ اَلْعَسْكَرِيِّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ هَلْ يَجُوزُ أَنْ يُعْطَى اَلْفِطْرَةُ عَنْ عِيَالِ اَلرَّجُلِ وَ هُمْ عَشَرَةٌ أَقَلُّ أَوْ أَكْثَرُ رَجُلاً مُحْتَاجاً مُوَافِقاً فَكَتَبَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ «نَعَمِ اِفْعَلْ ذَلِكَ ».
Hadith.2071 - It is narrated by Muhammad ibn Isa, from Ali ibn Bilal, who said:
"I wrote to Al-Tayyib Al-Askari (as), asking: 'Is it permissible to give the Zakat al-Fitr for a man's dependents, whether they are ten or fewer or more, to one needy and deserving person?'
Imam (as) wrote in reply: 'Yes, do that.'"
