Man Lā Yaḥḍuruh al-Faqīh

671 - وَقَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «لَأَنْ أُصَلِّيَ بَعْدَ مَا يَمْضِي اَلْوَقْتُ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ مِنْ أَنْ أُصَلِّيَ وَ أَنَا فِي شَكٍّ مِنَ اَلْوَقْتِ وَ قَبْلَ اَلْوَقْتِ.

Hadith.671 - Abu Ja'far, Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), said: "It is more beloved to me to pray after the time (for prayer) has passed than to pray while I am in doubt about whether it is the correct time or before the time (for prayer) has entered."

672 - وَ رَوَى مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ وَهْبٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «كَانَ اَلْمُؤَذِّنُ يَأْتِي اَلنَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فِي اَلْحَرِّ فِي صَلاَةِ اَلظُّهْرِ فَيَقُولُ لَهُ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ «أَبْرِدْ أَبْرِدْ ».

Hadith.672 - Muawiya ibn Wahb narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) that He said: "The muezzin would come to The Prophet (sw) during the intense heat at the time of the Dhuhr prayer, and the Messenger of Allah (sw) would tell him, 'Cool down, cool down (abride abride).'"

673 - رَوَى عَبْدُ اَللَّهِ بْنُ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «تَزُولُ اَلشَّمْسُ فِي اَلنِّصْفِ مِنْ حَزِيرَانَ عَلَى نِصْفِ قَدَمٍ وَ فِي اَلنِّصْفِ مِنْ تَمُّوزَ عَلَى قَدَمٍ وَ نِصْفٍ وَ فِي اَلنِّصْفِ مِنْ آبَ عَلَى قَدَمَيْنِ وَ نِصْفٍ وَ فِي اَلنِّصْفِ مِنْ أَيْلُولَ عَلَى ثَلاَثَةِ أَقْدَامٍ وَ نِصْفٍ وَ فِي اَلنِّصْفِ مِنْ تِشْرِينَ اَلْأَوَّلِ عَلَى خَمْسَةٍ وَ نِصْفٍ وَ فِي اَلنِّصْفِ مِنْ تِشْرِينَ اَلْآخِرِ عَلَى سَبْعَةٍ وَ نِصْفٍ وَ فِي اَلنِّصْفِ مِنْ كَانُونَ اَلْأَوَّلِ عَلَى تِسْعَةٍ وَ نِصْفٍ وَ فِي اَلنِّصْفِ مِنْ كَانُونَ اَلْآخِرِ عَلَى سَبْعَةٍ وَ نِصْفٍ وَ فِي اَلنِّصْفِ مِنْ شُبَاطَ عَلَى خَمْسَةٍ وَ نِصْفٍ وَ فِي اَلنِّصْفِ مِنْ آذَارَ عَلَى ثَلاَثَةٍ وَ نِصْفٍ وَ فِي اَلنِّصْفِ مِنْ نَيْسَانَ عَلَى قَدَمَيْنِ وَ نِصْفٍ وَ فِي اَلنِّصْفِ مِنْ أَيَّارَ عَلَى قَدَمٍ وَ نِصْفٍ وَ فِي اَلنِّصْفِ مِنْ حَزِيرَانَ عَلَى نِصْفِ قَدَمٍ.

Hadith.673 - Abdullah ibn Sinan narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) that He said: "The sun moves (its position) in the middle of the month of Haziran (June) by half a foot; In the middle of the month of Tammuz (July) by one and a half feet; In the middle of the month of Ab (August) by two and a half feet; In the middle of the month of Aylul (September) by three and a half feet; In the middle of the month of Tishrin al-Awwal (October) by five and a half feet; In the middle of the month of Tishrin al-Akhar (November) by seven and a half feet; In the middle of the month of Kanun al-Awwal (December) by nine and a half feet; In the middle of the month of Kanun al-Akhar (January) by seven and a half feet; In the middle of the month of Shubat (February) by five and a half feet; In the middle of the month of Adhar (March) by three and a half feet; In the middle of the month of Nisan (April) by two and a half feet; In the middle of the month of Ayyar (May) by one and a half feet; And in the middle of the month of Haziran (June) by half a foot."

674 - وَقَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «تِبْيَانُ زَوَالِ اَلشَّمْسِ أَنْ تَأْخُذَ عُوداً طُولُهُ ذِرَاعٌ وَ أَرْبَعُ أَصَابِعَ فَتَجْعَلَ أَرْبَعَ أَصَابِعَ فِي اَلْأَرْضِ فَإِذَا نَقَصَ اَلظِّلُّ حَتَّى يَبْلُغَ غَايَتَهُ ثُمَّ زَادَ فَقَدْ زَالَتِ اَلشَّمْسُ وَ تُفَتَّحُ أَبْوَابُ اَلسَّمَاءِ وَ تَهُبُّ اَلرِّيَاحُ وَ تُقْضَى اَلْحَوَائِجُ اَلْعِظَامُ.

Hadith.674 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "The indication of the sun's zenith (midday) is to take a stick that is one cubit and four fingers in length and place four fingers into the ground (embedding the stick partially). When the shadow shortens to its minimum point and then begins to lengthen, the sun has passed its zenith. At this point, the gates of the heavens open, the winds blow, and great needs are fulfilled."

675 - سَأَلَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: عَنْ رُكُودِ اَلشَّمْسِ فَقَالَ «يَا مُحَمَّدُ مَا أَصْغَرَ جُثَّتَكَ وَ أَعْضَلَ مَسْأَلَتَكَ وَ إِنَّكَ لَأَهْلٌ لِلْجَوَابِ إِنَّ اَلشَّمْسَ إِذَا طَلَعَتْ جَذَبَهَا سَبْعُونَ أَلْفَ مَلَكٍ بَعْدَ أَنْ أَخَذَ بِكُلِّ شُعَاعٍ مِنْهَا خَمْسَةُ آلاَفٍ مِنَ اَلْمَلاَئِكَةِ مِنْ بَيْنِ جَاذِبٍ وَ دَافِعٍ حَتَّى إِذَا بَلَغَتِ اَلْجَوَّ وَ جَازَتِ اَلْكَوَّ قَلَبَهَا مَلَكُ اَلنُّورِ ظَهْراً لِبَطْنٍ فَصَارَ مَا يَلِي اَلْأَرْضَ إِلَى اَلسَّمَاءِ وَ بَلَغَ شُعَاعُهَا تُخُومَ اَلْعَرْشِ فَعِنْدَ ذَلِكَ نَادَتِ اَلْمَلاَئِكَةُ سُبْحَانَ اَللَّهِ وَ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اَللَّهُ وَ «اَلْحَمْدُ لِلّٰهِ اَلَّذِي لَمْ يَتَّخِذْ» صَاحِبَةً وَ لاَ «وَلَداً وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ شَرِيكٌ فِي اَلْمُلْكِ وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ وَلِيٌّ مِنَ اَلذُّلِّ وَ كَبِّرْهُ تَكْبِيراً» » فَقَالَ لَهُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ أُحَافِظُ عَلَى هَذَا اَلْكَلاَمِ عِنْدَ زَوَالِ اَلشَّمْسِ فَقَالَ «نَعَمْ حَافِظْ عَلَيْهِ كَمَا تُحَافِظُ عَلَى عَيْنِكَ فَإِذَا زَالَتِ اَلشَّمْسُ صَارَتِ اَلْمَلاَئِكَةُ مِنْ وَرَائِهَا يُسَبِّحُونَ اَللَّهَ فِي فَلَكِ اَلْجَوِّ إِلَى أَنْ تَغِيبَ.

Hadith.675 - Muhammad ibn Muslim asked Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) stillness of the sun. Imam (as) said: "O’ Muhammad, how small is your form and how challenging is your question! And indeed, you are worthy of an answer. When the sun rises, seventy thousand angels pull it, and for each of its rays, five thousand angels are responsible for both pulling and pushing it. When it reaches the sky and passes the 'arc,' the angel of light flips it from back to front so that what was facing the earth turns towards the sky, and its rays reach the boundaries of the Throne. At this moment, the angels exclaim, 'Glory be to Allah (swt), and there is no deity but Allah (swt), and all praise is due to Allah (swt), who has not taken a consort nor a son, and who has no partner in His dominion, nor does He need a protector out of weakness, so glorify Him with great glorification.'" Muhammad then asked: "Shall I maintain this supplication at the sun's zenith?" Imam (as) said: "Yes, preserve it as you would preserve your own eyes, for when the sun passes its zenith, the angels remain behind it, glorifying Allah (swt) in the sky until it sets”.

676 - وَ سُئِلَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: عَنِ اَلشَّمْسِ كَيْفَ تَرْكُدُ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ وَ لاَ يَكُونُ لَهَا يَوْمَ اَلْجُمُعَةِ رُكُودٌ قَالَ «لِأَنَّ اَللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ جَعَلَ يَوْمَ اَلْجُمُعَةِ أَضْيَقَ اَلْأَيَّامِ» فَقِيلَ لَهُ وَ لِمَ جَعَلَهُ أَضْيَقَ اَلْأَيَّامِ قَالَ «لِأَنَّهُ لاَ يُعَذِّبُ اَلْمُشْرِكِينَ فِي ذَلِكَ اَلْيَوْمِ لِحُرْمَتِهِ عِنْدَهُ.

Hadith.676 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) was asked about the sun’s stillness (or 'pause') every day and why there is no such stillness for it on Jumu’ah. Imam (as) said: "Because Allah (swt), the Mighty and Majestic, made Jumu’ah the most constricted (or significant) of the days." It was then asked: "And why did He make it the most constricted of days?" Imam (as) said: "Because on that day He does not punish the polytheists, due to the sanctity it holds with Him."

677 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ حَرِيزِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: كُنْتُ عِنْدَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَسَأَلَهُ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ لَهُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ إِنَّ اَلشَّمْسَ تَنْقَضُّ ثُمَّ تَرْكُدُ سَاعَةً مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ تَزُولَ فَقَالَ «إِنَّهَا تُؤَامِرُ أَ تَزُولُ أَوْ لاَ تَزُولُ.

Hadith.677 - It was narrated from Hariz ibn Abdullah that He said: I was with Abu 'Abdillah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) when a man asked him, "May I be sacrificed for you, the sun seems to descend (move downward) and then becomes still for a moment before it reaches its zenith." Imam (as) replied: "It consults whether it should continue or not”.

678 - سَأَلَ عُمَرُ بْنُ حَنْظَلَةَ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَقَالَ لَهُ: زَوَالُ اَلشَّمْسِ نَعْرِفُهُ بِالنَّهَارِ كَيْفَ لَنَا بِاللَّيْلِ فَقَالَ «لِلَّيْلِ زَوَالٌ كَزَوَالِ اَلشَّمْسِ» قَالَ فَبِأَيِّ شَيْءٍ نَعْرِفُهُ قَالَ «بِالنُّجُومِ إِذَا اِنْحَدَرَتْ.

Hadith.678 - Umar ibn Hanthala asked Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) saying: "We recognize the zenith (midday) of the sun during the day; how can we recognize the zenith during the night?" Imam (as) said: "The night has a zenith just like the zenith of the sun." Umar then asked: "And by what means do we recognize it?" Imam (as) said: "By the stars when they descend”.

679 - قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «كَانَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ لاَ يُصَلِّي مِنَ اَلنَّهَارِ شَيْئاً حَتَّى تَزُولَ اَلشَّمْسُ فَإِذَا زَالَتْ صَلَّى ثَمَانِيَ رَكَعَاتٍ وَ هِيَ صَلاَةُ اَلْأَوَّابِينَ تُفَتَّحُ فِي تِلْكَ اَلسَّاعَةِ أَبْوَابُ اَلسَّمَاءِ وَ يُسْتَجَابُ اَلدُّعَاءُ وَ تَهُبُّ اَلرِّيَاحُ وَ يَنْظُرُ اَللَّهُ إِلَى خَلْقِهِ فَإِذَا فَاءَ اَلْفَيْءُ ذِرَاعاً صَلَّى اَلظُّهْرَ أَرْبَعاً وَ صَلَّى بَعْدَ اَلظُّهْرِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ صَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ أُخْرَاوَيْنِ ثُمَّ صَلَّى اَلْعَصْرَ أَرْبَعاً إِذَا فَاءَ اَلْفَيْءُ ذِرَاعاً ثُمَّ لاَ يُصَلِّي بَعْدَ اَلْعَصْرِ شَيْئاً حَتَّى تَئُوبَ اَلشَّمْسُ فَإِذَا آبَتْ وَ هُوَ أَنْ تَغِيبَ صَلَّى اَلْمَغْرِبَ ثَلاَثاً وَ بَعْدَ اَلْمَغْرِبِ أَرْبَعاً ثُمَّ لاَ يُصَلِّي شَيْئاً حَتَّى يَسْقُطَ اَلشَّفَقُ فَإِذَا سَقَطَ اَلشَّفَقُ صَلَّى اَلْعِشَاءَ ثُمَّ أَوَى رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ إِلَى فِرَاشِهِ وَ لَمْ يُصَلِّ شَيْئاً حَتَّى يَزُولَ نِصْفُ اَللَّيْلِ فَإِذَا زَالَ نِصْفُ اَللَّيْلِ صَلَّى ثَمَانِيَ رَكَعَاتٍ وَ أَوْتَرَ فِي اَلرُّبُعِ اَلْأَخِيرِ مِنَ اَللَّيْلِ بِثَلاَثِ رَكَعَاتٍ فَقَرَأَ فِيهِنَّ فَاتِحَةَ اَلْكِتَابِ وَ «قُلْ هُوَ اَللّٰهُ أَحَدٌ» ، - وَ يَفْصِلُ بَيْنَ اَلثَّلاَثِ بِتَسْلِيمَةٍ وَ يَتَكَلَّمُ وَ يَأْمُرُ بِالْحَاجَةِ وَ لاَ يَخْرُجُ مِنْ مُصَلاَّهُ حَتَّى يُصَلِّيَ اَلثَّالِثَةَ اَلَّتِي يُوتِرُ فِيهَا وَ يَقْنُتُ فِيهَا قَبْلَ اَلرُّكُوعِ ثُمَّ يُسَلِّمُ وَ يُصَلِّي رَكْعَتَيِ اَلْفَجْرِ قُبَيْلَ اَلْفَجْرِ وَ عِنْدَهُ وَ بُعَيْدَهُ، ثُمَّ يُصَلِّي رَكْعَتَيِ اَلصُّبْحِ وَ هُوَ اَلْفَجْرُ إِذَا اِعْتَرَضَ اَلْفَجْرُ وَ أَضَاءَ حُسْناً فَهَذِهِ صَلاَةُ رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ اَلَّتِي قَبَضَهُ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَلَيْهَا.

Hadith.679 - Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) said: "The Messenger of Allah (sw) would not pray anything during the day until the sun had passed its zenith. When it did, he would pray eight rak'ahs, known as the prayer of the 'Awwabin (the devoted). At that moment, the gates of the heavens are opened, prayers are answered, the winds blow, and Allah (swt) looks upon His creation. When the shadow lengthened by a cubit, he would pray Dhuhr (noon) prayer in four rak'ahs, followed by two rak'ahs, then two additional rak'ahs. Then, he would pray 'Asr (afternoon) prayer in four rak'ahs once the shadow lengthened by another cubit. After 'Asr, he would not pray anything until the sun inclined (set). When it inclined, that is, set, he would pray Maghrib (sunset) prayer in three rak'ahs, followed by four rak'ahs. Then, he would not pray until the redness of the twilight disappeared. When the twilight disappeared, he would pray 'Isha' prayer and then retire to his bed, praying nothing further until the middle of the night had passed. When midnight passed, he would pray eight rak'ahs, followed by three rak'ahs of Witr (night prayer), reciting the Surat al-Fatiha and 'Qul Huwa Allahu Ahad' (Surah Al-Ikhlas) in them. He would separate the three rak'ahs with a taslim (salutation), speak or fulfil any needs, and not leave place of prayer until he completed third rak'ah with Qunoot (supplication) before bowing. He would conclude with two rak'ahs of Fajr (pre-dawn prayer) slightly before, at, or just after dawn, and then he would pray two rak'ahs of Subh (morning prayer) when the dawn light brightened, completing his routine. This was the prayer practice of the Messenger of Allah (sw) until Allah (swt) took him."

716 - وَقَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ: «مَنْ أَسْرَجَ فِي مَسْجِدٍ مِنْ مَسَاجِدِ اَللَّهِ سِرَاجاً لَمْ تَزَلِ اَلْمَلاَئِكَةُ وَ حَمَلَةُ اَلْعَرْشِ يَسْتَغْفِرُونَ لَهُ مَا دَامَ فِي ذَلِكَ اَلْمَسْجِدِ ضَوْءٌ مِنَ اَلسِّرَاجِ.

Hadith.716 - The Messenger of Allah (sw) said: "Whoever lights a lamp in one of the mosques of Allah (swt), the angels and the bearers of the Throne will continue to seek forgiveness for them as long as there remains any light from that lamp in the mosque."