Content
The Chapter of Condolences and Grief During Calamities, Visiting Graves, Lamentation and Mourning Gatherings
المأتم في الأصل: مجتمع الرجال والنساء في الغم والفرح، ثم خص باجتماع النساء للموت وقيل هو للشواب من النساء لا غير (النهاية) ويطلق على الطعام للميت (في)
The term "المأتم" (ma'tam) originally referred to a gathering of men and women for either sorrowful or joyful occasions. Over time, it became specifically associated with gatherings of women during times of mourning for the deceased. It has also been said to apply particularly to young women in mourning (Al-Nihaya).
Additionally, the term "المأتم" can also refer to food that is prepared for the deceased ("Fi").
502 - قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ: «مَنْ عَزَّى حَزِيناً كُسِيَ فِي اَلْمَوْقِفِ حُلَّةً يُحَبَّرُ بِهَا.
Hadith.502 - The Messenger of Allah (sw) said:
"Whoever consoles a grieving person will be clothed in a robe of honor on the Day of Standing (the Day of Judgment), which will bring them joy (and honor)."
503 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ اَلْحَكَمِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: رَأَيْتُ مُوسَى بْنَ جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ يُعَزِّي قَبْلَ اَلدَّفْنِ وَ بَعْدَهُ.
Hadith.503 - It was narrated from Hisham ibn al-Hakam that He said:
"I saw Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as) offering condolences both before and after the burial."
504 - وَقَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «اَلتَّعْزِيَةُ اَلْوَاجِبَةُ بَعْدَ اَلدَّفْنِ.
Hadith.504 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said:
"The obligatory act of offering condolences is after the burial."
505 - وَقَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «كَفَاكَ مِنَ اَلتَّعْزِيَةِ بِأَنْ يَرَاكَ صَاحِبُ اَلْمُصِيبَةِ.
Hadith.505 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said:
"It is sufficient as a form of condolence for the bereaved to see you."
506 - وَ أَتَى أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَوْماً قَدْ أُصِيبُوا بِمُصِيبَةٍ فَقَالَ «جَبَرَ اَللَّهُ وَهْنَكُمْ وَ أَحْسَنَ عَزَاكُمْ وَ رَحِمَ مُتَوَفَّاكُمْ» ثُمَّ اِنْصَرَفَ.
Hadith.506 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) visited a group of people who had experienced a loss and said:
"May Allah (swt) strengthen you in your weakness, grant you beautiful patience, and have mercy on your deceased."
Then he departed.
507 - وَقَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ: «اَلتَّعْزِيَةُ تُورِثُ اَلْجَنَّةَ.
Hadith.507 - The Messenger of Allah (sw) said: "Offering condolences leads to Paradise."
508 - وَ عَزَّى اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ رَجُلاً بِابْنٍ لَهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ «اَللَّهُ خَيْرٌ لاِبْنِكَ مِنْكَ وَ ثَوَابُ اَللَّهِ خَيْرٌ لَكَ مِنْهُ» فَبَلَغَهُ جَزَعُهُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ فَعَادَ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ «قَدْ مَاتَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ أَ فَمَا لَكَ بِهِ أُسْوَةٌ» فَقَالَ لَهُ إِنَّهُ كَانَ مُرَاهِقاً فَقَالَ لَهُ «إِنَّ أَمَامَهُ ثَلاَثَ خِصَالٍ شَهَادَةَ أَنْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اَللَّهُ وَ رَحْمَةَ اَللَّهِ وَ شَفَاعَةَ رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فَلَنْ تَفُوتَهُ وَاحِدَةٌ مِنْهُنَّ إِنْ شَاءَ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ.
Hadith.508 - The truthful one, Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as), offered condolences to a man who had lost his son and said to him:
"Allah (swt) is better for your son than you are, and the reward from Allah (swt) is better for you than your son."
Later, when the Imam heard of the man's continued grief, he returned to him and said:
"The Messenger of Allah (sw) also passed away; do you not take him as an example?"
The man responded that his son was on the verge of maturity (approaching adulthood).
The Imam then said (consoling him): "There are three things ahead of him: the testimony that there is no god but Allah (swt), Allah’s (swt) mercy, and the intercession of the Messenger of Allah (sw). He will not miss out on any of these, if Allah (swt) the Almighty wills."
509 - وَ رَوَى أَبُو بَصِيرٍ عَنِ اَلصَّادِقِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «يَنْبَغِي لِصَاحِبِ اَلْجِنَازَةِ أَنْ لاَ يَلْبَسَ رِدَاءً وَ أَنْ يَكُونَ فِي قَمِيصٍ حَتَّى يُعْرَفَ وَ يَنْبَغِي لِجِيرَانِهِ أَنْ يُطْعِمُوا عَنْهُ ثَلاَثَةَ أَيَّامٍ.
Hadith.509 - Abu Basir narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) that He said:
"It is proper for the person responsible for the funeral (i.e., the chief mourner) not to wear an outer cloak (ridā') and to remain in a shirt (Qamis) so that they are recognized (as grieving). It is also proper for the neighbors to provide food on their behalf for three days.”
510 - وَقَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «مَلْعُونٌ مَلْعُونٌ مَنْ وَضَعَ رِدَاءَهُ فِي مُصِيبَةِ غَيْرِهِ.
Hadith.510 - Imam (as) said: "Cursed!, cursed is the one who puts down (removes) their cloak (ridā') in the misfortune of someone else."
