Content
The Ritual Bath of jumu’ah, Entering the Bathhouse, Its Etiquette, and Teachings on Cleanliness and Beautification
232 - وَ رَوَى يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ اَلْأَهْوَازِيُّ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ حُمْرَانَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «إِذَا دَخَلْتَ اَلْحَمَّامَ فَقُلْ فِي اَلْوَقْتِ اَلَّذِي تَنْزِعُ فِيهِ ثِيَابَكَ: اَللَّهُمَّ اِنْزِعْ عَنِّي رِبْقَةَ اَلنِّفَاقِ وَ ثَبِّتْنِي عَلَى اَلْإِيمَانِ
وَ إِذَا دَخَلْتَ اَلْبَيْتَ اَلْأَوَّلَ فَقُلْ: اَللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ شَرِّ نَفْسِي وَ أَسْتَعِيذُ بِكَ مِنْ أَذَاهُ
وَ إِذَا دَخَلْتَ اَلْبَيْتَ اَلثَّانِيَ فَقُلِ: اَللَّهُمَّ أَذْهِبْ عَنِّي اَلرِّجْسَ اَلنِّجْسَ وَ طَهِّرْ جَسَدِي وَ قَلْبِي
وَ خُذْ مِنَ اَلْمَاءِ اَلْحَارِّ وَ ضَعْهُ عَلَى هَامَتِكَ وَ صُبَّ مِنْهُ عَلَى رِجْلَيْكَ وَ إِنْ أَمْكَنَ أَنْ تَبْلَعَ مِنْهُ جُرْعَةً فَافْعَلْ فَإِنَّهُ يُنَقِّي اَلْمَثَانَةَ وَ اِلْبَثْ فِي اَلْبَيْتِ اَلثَّانِي سَاعَةً
وَ إِذَا دَخَلْتَ اَلْبَيْتَ اَلثَّالِثَ فَقُلْ نَعُوذُ بِاللَّهِ مِنَ اَلنَّارِ وَ نَسْأَلُهُ اَلْجَنَّةَ تُرَدِّدُهَا إِلَى وَقْتِ خُرُوجِكَ مِنَ اَلْبَيْتِ اَلْحَارِّ وَ إِيَّاكَ وَ شُرْبَ اَلْمَاءِ اَلْبَارِدِ وَ اَلْفُقَّاعِ فِي اَلْحَمَّامِ فَإِنَّهُ يُفْسِدُ اَلْمَعِدَةَ
وَ لاَ تَصُبَّنَّ عَلَيْكَ اَلْمَاءَ اَلْبَارِدَ فَإِنَّهُ يُضْعِفُ اَلْبَدَنَ وَ صُبَّ اَلْمَاءَ اَلْبَارِدَ عَلَى قَدَمَيْكَ إِذَا خَرَجْتَ فَإِنَّهُ يَسُلُّ اَلدَّاءَ مِنْ جَسَدِكَ فَإِذَا لَبِسْتَ ثِيَابَكَ فَقُلِ: اَللَّهُمَّ أَلْبِسْنِي اَلتَّقْوَى وَ جَنِّبْنِي اَلرَّدَى فَإِذَا فَعَلْتَ ذَلِكَ أَمِنْتَ مِنْ كُلِّ دَاءٍ».
Hadith.232 - Yahya ibn Sa'id Al-Ahwazi narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Nasr, and him from Muhammad ibn Hamran who reported that Imam Ja'far Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said:
"When you enter the bathhouse (hammam), at the time you remove your clothes, say:
Allāhumma inzi‘ ‘annī ribqata al-nifāq wa thabbitnī ‘ala al-īmān
'O’ Allah (swt), remove from me the shackles of hypocrisy and establish me firmly upon faith.'
And when you enter the first room (of bathhouse), say:
Allāhumma innī a‘ūdhu bika min sharri nafsī wa asta‘īdhu bika min adhāh
'O’ Allah (swt), I seek refuge with You from the evil of my soul and seek Your protection from its harm.'"
And when you enter the second room (of bathhouse), say:
Allāhumma adhhib ‘annī al-rijsa al-najsa wa ṭahhir jasadī wa qalbī
'O’ Allah (swt), remove impurity and defilement from me, and purify my body and heart.'
Take some warm water and pour it over your head and pour it over your feet. If you can drink a sip of it, then do so, as it cleanses the bladder. Remain in the second room for a while.
When you enter the third room (of bathhouse), say:
Na‘ūdhu billāhi mina al-nār wa nas’aluhu al-jannah
'We seek refuge in Allah (swt) from the Fire and ask Him for Paradise,' and repeat it until the time you leave the hot room (of bathhouse).
Be careful not to drink cold water or consuming ‘fuqqa'a’ (like carbonated drinks) in the bathhouse, as it harms the stomach.
Do not pour cold water over yourself, as it weakens the body. However, pouring cold water on your feet when leaving will drive away illness from your body.
When you put on your clothes, say:
Allāhumma albisnī al-taqwā wa jannibnī al-radā
'O’ Allah (swt), clothe me with piety and protect me from ruin.'
If you do this, you will be safe from all ailments.'
233 - وَ سَأَلَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَقَالَ: أَ كَانَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَنْهَى عَنْ قِرَاءَةِ اَلْقُرْآنِ فِي اَلْحَمَّامِ فَقَالَ «لاَ إِنَّمَا نَهَى أَنْ يَقْرَأَ اَلرَّجُلُ وَ هُوَ عُرْيَانٌ فَإِذَا كَانَ عَلَيْهِ إِزَارٌ فَلاَ بَأْسَ.
Hadith.233 - Muhammad ibn Muslim asked Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) saying:
'Did The Commander of the Faithful (as) prohibit the recitation of the Qur'an in the bathhouse?'
Imam (as) said: 'No, he only prohibited a man from reciting while being naked. If he is wearing a waistcloth (covering), then there is no harm.'
234 - وَقَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ يَقْطِينٍ لِمُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: أَقْرَأُ فِي اَلْحَمَّامِ وَ أَنْكِحُ فِيهِ قَالَ «لاَ بَأْسَ.
Hadith.234 - Ali ibn Yaqtin said to Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as):
'May I recite (in the bathhouse) and marry (perform a marriage contract) there?'
Imam (as) said: 'There is no harm.'
235 - وَ سُئِلَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: عَنْ قَوْلِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: « قُلْ لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ يَغُضُّوا مِنْ أَبْصٰارِهِمْ وَ يَحْفَظُوا فُرُوجَهُمْ ذٰلِكَ أَزْكىٰ لَهُمْ »
فَقَالَ «كُلُّ مَا كَانَ فِي كِتَابِ اَللَّهِ تَعَالَى مِنْ ذِكْرِ حِفْظِ اَلْفَرْجِ فَهُوَ مِنَ اَلزِّنَا إِلاَّ فِي هَذَا اَلْمَوْضِعِ فَإِنَّهُ لِلْحِفْظِ مِنْ أَنْ يُنْظَرَ إِلَيْهِ.
Hadith.235 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) was asked about the saying of Allah (swt), the Exalted: "Tell the believing men to lower their gaze and guard their private parts; that is purer for them." (Surah An-Nur, 24:30).
Imam (as) said: 'Every mention of guarding the private parts in the Book of Allah (swt), the Exalted, refers to guarding against fornication, except in this instance, where it refers to guarding them from being looked at.'
236 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنِ اَلصَّادِقِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ - «إِنَّمَا أَكْرَهُ اَلنَّظَرَ إِلَى عَوْرَةِ اَلْمُسْلِمِ فَأَمَّا اَلنَّظَرُ إِلَى عَوْرَةِ مَنْ لَيْسَ بِمُسْلِمٍ مِثْلُ اَلنَّظَرِ إِلَى عَوْرَةِ اَلْحِمَارِ.
Hadith.236 - On the authority of Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) that He said:
"Indeed, looking at the private parts of a Muslim is disliked, and looking at the private parts of a non-Muslim is like looking at the private parts of a donkey."
237 - وَقَالَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «نِعْمَ اَلْبَيْتُ اَلْحَمَّامُ تُذَكَّرُ فِيهِ اَلنَّارُ وَ يَذْهَبُ بِالدَّرَنِ.
Hadith.237 - The Commander of the Faithful (as) said:
'What a good place the bathhouse is, where one is reminded of the Fire (Hellfire) and it removes filth.'
238 - وَقَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «بِئْسَ اَلْبَيْتُ اَلْحَمَّامُ يَهْتِكُ اَلسِّتْرَ وَ يَذْهَبُ بِالْحَيَاءِ.
Hadith.238 - Imam (as) said:
'The bathhouse is an undesirable place; it removes coverings (privacy) and takes away modesty.'
239 - وَقَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «بِئْسَ اَلْبَيْتُ اَلْحَمَّامُ يَهْتِكُ اَلسِّتْرَ وَ يُبْدِي اَلْعَوْرَةَ وَ نِعْمَ اَلْبَيْتُ اَلْحَمَّامُ يُذَكِّرُ حَرَّ اَلنَّارِ.
Hadith.239 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said:
'The bathhouse is an undesirable place; it removes coverings (privacy) and exposes the private parts. However, it is a good place as it reminds one of the heats of the Fire (Hellfire).'.
240 - وَقَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ: « «مَنْ كٰانَ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللّٰهِ وَ اَلْيَوْمِ اَلْآخِرِ» فَلاَ يَبْعَثْ بِحَلِيلَتِهِ إِلَى اَلْحَمَّامِ.
Hadith.240 - The Messenger of Allah (sw) said: "Whoever believes in Allah (swt) and the Last Day (Qiyamah) should not send his wife to the bathhouse."
241 - وَقَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «مَنْ أَطَاعَ اِمْرَأَتَهُ أَكَبَّهُ اَللَّهُ عَلَى مَنْخِرَيْهِ فِي اَلنَّارِ » فَقِيلَ وَ مَا تِلْكَ اَلطَّاعَةُ قَالَ «تَدْعُوهُ إِلَى اَلنِّيَاحَاتِ وَ اَلْعُرُسَاتِ وَ اَلْحَمَّامَاتِ وَ لُبْسِ اَلثِّيَابِ اَلرِّقَاقِ فَيُجِيبُهَا.
Hadith.241 - Imam (as) said: 'Whoever obeys his wife (in matters of disobedience) will be thrown by Allah (swt), the Exalted, on his face in the Fire.'
It was said: 'What kind of obedience is that?'
Imam (as) said: "When She invites him to go to congregation of lamentations to extravagant festivities (weddings), or going to public bathhouses, and or to wear delicate (thin/revealing) clothing; and he approves it for her."
