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The Prayer of the Two Eids
وَ رَوَى هَارُونُ بْنُ حَمْزَةَ اَلْغَنَوِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «اَلْخُرُوجُ يَوْمَ اَلْفِطْرِ وَ اَلْأَضْحَى إِلَى اَلْجَبَّانَةِ حَسَنٌ لِمَنِ اِسْتَطَاعَ اَلْخُرُوجَ إِلَيْهَا» قَالَ فَقُلْتُ أَ رَأَيْتَ إِنْ كَانَ مَرِيضاً لاَ يَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ يَخْرُجَ أَ يُصَلِّي فِي بَيْتِهِ فَقَالَ «لاَ.
Harun ibn Hamzah al-Ghanawi narrates from Imam Jafar Al-Sadiq (a.s) said: "Going out on the day of Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha to the open area (for prayer) is good for whoever is able to go." Harun asked: "What if a person is sick and unable to go out, should he pray at home?" Imam (a.s) replied: "No."
وَ رَوَى اِبْنُ اَلْمُغِيرَةِ عَنِ اَلْقَاسِمِ بْنِ اَلْوَلِيدِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ غُسْلِ اَلْأَضْحَى، قَالَ «وَاجِبٌ إِلاَّ بِمِنًى.
Ibn al-Mughira narrated from al-Qasim ibn al-Walid, who said: I asked Imam (a.s) about the Ghusl (ritual purification bath) of Eid al-Adha. Imam (a.s) said: "It is obligatory except for those in Mina."
وَ رُوِيَ: «أَنَّ غُسْلَ اَلْعِيدَيْنِ سُنَّةٌ.
It has been narrated: "The Ghusl (ritual purification bath) for the two Eids is a Sunnah (recommended practice)."
وَ رَوَى اَلْحَلَبِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلْمَرْأَةِ عَلَيْهَا غُسْلُ يَوْمِ اَلْجُمُعَةِ وَ اَلْفِطْرِ وَ اَلْأَضْحَى وَ يَوْمِ عَرَفَةَ، قَالَ «نَعَمْ عَلَيْهَا اَلْغُسْلُ كُلُّهُ.
Al-Halabi narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (a.s) that He said: "I asked him about whether a woman is required to perform Ghusl (ritual purification bath) on Jumu’ah, on the day of Eid al-Fitr, on the day of Eid al-Adha, and on the day of Arafah. Imam (a.s) said: 'Yes, She is required to perform all of these Ghusls.'"
وَ كَانَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَأْكُلُ يَوْمَ اَلْفِطْرِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَغْدُوَ إِلَى اَلْمُصَلَّى وَ لاَ يَأْكُلُ يَوْمَ اَلْأَضْحَى حَتَّى يَذْبَحَ.
Imam Ali (a.s) would eat on the day of Eid al-Fitr before heading to the prayer area, but on the day of Eid al-Adha, he would not eat until after performing the ritual sacrifice.
وَ رَوَى حَرِيزٌ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «لاَ تَخْرُجْ يَوْمَ اَلْفِطْرِ حَتَّى تَطْعَمَ شَيْئاً وَ لاَ تَأْكُلْ يَوْمَ اَلْأَضْحَى شَيْئاً إِلاَّ مِنْ هَدْيِكَ وَ أُضْحِيَّتِكَ إِنْ قَوِيتَ عَلَيْهِ وَ إِنْ لَمْ تَقْوَ فَمَعْذُورٌ» قَالَ وَقَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ «كَانَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ لاَ يَأْكُلُ يَوْمَ اَلْأَضْحَى شَيْئاً حَتَّى يَأْكُلَ مِنْ أُضْحِيَّتِهِ وَ لاَ يَخْرُجُ يَوْمَ اَلْفِطْرِ حَتَّى يَطْعَمَ وَ يُؤَدِّيَ اَلْفِطْرَةَ ثُمَّ قَالَ وَ كَذَلِكَ نَحْنُ.
Hariz narrated from Zurarah that Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (a.s) said: "Do not leave your house on the day of Eid al-Fitr until you have eaten something, and do not eat anything on the day of Eid al-Adha except from your own sacrifice, if you are able. If you are not able, then you are excused." Abu Ja'far (a.s) also said: "Amir al-Mu’minin (a.s) would not eat on the day of Eid al-Adha until he had eaten from his own sacrifice, and he would not leave on the day of Eid al-Fitr until he had eaten and paid the Zakat al-Fitr." He added, "This is also our practice."
وَ رَوَى حَفْصُ بْنُ غِيَاثٍ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «اَلسُّنَّةُ عَلَى أَهْلِ اَلْأَمْصَارِ أَنْ يَبْرُزُوا مِنْ أَمْصَارِهِمْ فِي اَلْعِيدَيْنِ إِلاَّ أَهْلَ مَكَّةَ فَإِنَّهُمْ يُصَلُّونَ فِي اَلْمَسْجِدِ اَلْحَرَامِ.
Hafs ibn Ghiyath narrated from Ja'far ibn Muhammad from his father (a.s) that He said: "The Sunnah (tradition) for the people of cities is to go out from their cities for the two Eid prayers, except for the people of Mecca, who pray in the Sacred Mosque (Masjid al-Haram)."
وَ رَوَى عَلِيُّ بْنُ رِئَابٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «لاَ يَنْبَغِي أَنْ تُصَلَّى صَلاَةُ اَلْعِيدَيْنِ فِي مَسْجِدٍ مُسَقَّفٍ وَ لاَ فِي بَيْتٍ إِنَّمَا تُصَلَّى فِي اَلصَّحْرَاءِ أَوْ فِي مَكَانٍ بَارِزٍ.
Ali ibn Ri'ab narrated from Abu Basir from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (a.s) who said: "It is not appropriate for the Eid prayers to be performed in a covered mosque or in a house; rather, they should be prayed in the open air or in an exposed place."
وَ رَوَى اَلْحَلَبِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ: أَنَّهُ كَانَ إِذَا خَرَجَ يَوْمَ اَلْفِطْرِ وَ اَلْأَضْحَى أَبَى أَنْ يُؤْتَى بِطِنْفِسَةٍ يُصَلِّي عَلَيْهَا يَقُولُ «هَذَا يَوْمٌ كَانَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ يَخْرُجُ فِيهِ حَتَّى يَبْرُزَ لآِفَاقِ اَلسَّمَاءِ ثُمَّ يَضَعُ جَبْهَتَهُ عَلَى اَلْأَرْضِ.
Al-Halabi narrated from Abu Abdullah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (a.s) from his father (a.s) that when he would go out on the days of Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha, he would refuse to have a carpet (or mat) brought to him to pray on. He would say, "This is a day when the Messenger of Allah (saws) would go out until he was exposed to the horizons of the sky, then he would place his forehead on the earth."
وَ رَوَى إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ جَابِرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ أَ رَأَيْتَ صَلاَةَ اَلْعِيدَيْنِ هَلْ فِيهِمَا أَذَانٌ وَ إِقَامَةٌ قَالَ «لَيْسَ فِيهِمَا أَذَانٌ وَ لاَ إِقَامَةٌ وَ لَكِنْ يُنَادَى اَلصَّلاَةَ اَلصَّلاَةَ ثَلاَثَ مَرَّاتٍ وَ لَيْسَ فِيهِمَا مِنْبَرٌ اَلْمِنْبَرُ لاَ يُحَرَّكُ مِنْ مَوْضِعِهِ وَ لَكِنْ يُصْنَعُ لِلْإِمَامِ شِبْهُ اَلْمِنْبَرِ مِنْ طِينٍ فَيَقُومُ عَلَيْهِ فَيَخْطُبُ اَلنَّاسَ ثُمَّ يَنْزِلُ.
Isma'il ibn Jabir narrated from Abu Abdullah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (a.s) that He said: "I asked him about the prayer of the two Eids (Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha), whether there is an Adhan (call to prayer) or Iqamah (second call to prayer) for them." Imam (a.s) said: "There is neither Adhan nor Iqamah for them, but it is announced 'As-Salah (the prayer), As-Salah (the prayer)' three times. There is no pulpit (minbar) for them; the minbar is not moved from its place. However, a structure similar to a pulpit is made from clay for the Imam to stand upon and deliver a sermon, then he comes down."
