Man Lā Yaḥḍuruh al-Faqīh

1319 - وَ سَأَلَ سَعِيدُ بْنُ اَلْمُسَيَّبِ عَلِيَّ بْنَ اَلْحُسَيْنِ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ فَقَالَ لَهُ: مَتَى فُرِضَتِ اَلصَّلاَةُ عَلَى اَلْمُسْلِمِينَ عَلَى مَا هِيَ اَلْيَوْمَ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ « بِالْمَدِينَةِ حِينَ ظَهَرَتِ اَلدَّعْوَةُ وَ قَوِيَ اَلْإِسْلاَمُ وَ كَتَبَ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَلَى اَلْمُسْلِمِينَ اَلْجِهَادَ زَادَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فِي اَلصَّلاَةِ سَبْعَ رَكَعَاتٍ فِي اَلظُّهْرِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَ فِي اَلْعَصْرِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَ فِي اَلْمَغْرِبِ رَكْعَةً وَ فِي اَلْعِشَاءِ اَلْآخِرَةِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَ أَقَرَّ اَلْفَجْرَ عَلَى مَا فُرِضَتْ بِمَكَّةَ لِتَعْجِيلِ عُرُوجِ مَلاَئِكَةِ اَللَّيْلِ إِلَى اَلسَّمَاءِ وَ لِتَعْجِيلِ نُزُولِ مَلاَئِكَةِ اَلنَّهَارِ إِلَى اَلْأَرْضِ فَكَانَتْ مَلاَئِكَةُ اَلنَّهَارِ وَ مَلاَئِكَةُ اَللَّيْلِ يَشْهَدُونَ مَعَ رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ صَلاَةَ اَلْفَجْرِ فَلِذَلِكَ قَالَ اَللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وتَعَالَى «وَ قُرْآنَ اَلْفَجْرِ إِنَّ قُرْآنَ اَلْفَجْرِ كٰانَ مَشْهُوداً » يَشْهَدُهُ اَلْمُسْلِمُونَ وَ تَشْهَدُهُ مَلاَئِكَةُ اَلنَّهَارِ وَ مَلاَئِكَةُ اَللَّيْلِ.

Hadith.1319 - Sa'id ibn al-Musayyib asked Ali ibn al-Hussain (as), "When was the prayer made obligatory upon the Muslims in the form it is today?" He (as) replied: "In Medina, when the call (to Islam) became manifest, Islam was strengthened, and Allah (swt), the Mighty and Majestic, prescribed jihad upon the Muslims. The Messenger of Allah (sw) added seven rak'ahs to the prayers: two to Dhuhr, two to Asr, one to Maghrib, and two to the Isha prayer, while leaving the Fajr prayer as it had been prescribed in Mecca. This was to hasten the ascent of the night’s angels to the heavens and the descent of the day’s angels to the earth. Thus, the angels of the night and the angels of the day would witness the Fajr prayer with the Messenger of Allah (sw). This is why Allah (swt), Blessed and Exalted, said: 'Recite the Qur'an at dawn. Indeed, the recitation of the Qur'an at dawn is ever witnessed' (Qur'an 17:78) — witnessed by the Muslims and by the angels of the night and the angels of the day."

1320 - سَأَلَ عُبَيْدُ اَللَّهِ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ اَلْحَلَبِيُّ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: عَنِ اَلصَّلاَةِ فِي اَلسَّفِينَةِ فَقَالَ «يَسْتَقْبِلُ اَلْقِبْلَةَ وَ يَصُفُّ رِجْلَيْهِ، فَإِنْ دَارَتْ وَ اِسْتَطَاعَ أَنْ يَتَوَجَّهَ إِلَى اَلْقِبْلَةِ فَلْيَفْعَلْ وَ إِلاَّ فَلْيُصَلِّ حَيْثُ تَوَجَّهَتْ بِهِ وَ إِنْ أَمْكَنَهُ اَلْقِيَامُ فَلْيُصَلِّ قَائِماً وَ إِلاَّ فَلْيَقْعُدْ ثُمَّ يُصَلِّي.

Hadith.1320 - Ubaydullah ibn Ali Al-Halabi asked Abu Abdullah (as) about praying on a ship. Imam (as) said: "Face the Qiblah and place your feet firmly. If the ship turns and you are able to adjust to face the Qiblah, then do so. If not, then pray in whatever direction it turns you. If you can stand, then pray standing; otherwise, sit and pray”.

1321 - وَقَالَ لَهُ جَمِيلُ بْنُ دَرَّاجٍ: تَكُونُ اَلسَّفِينَةُ قَرِيبَةً مِنَ اَلْجُدِّ، فَأَخْرُجُ وَ أُصَلِّي قَالَ «صَلِّ فِيهَا أَ مَا تَرْضَى بِصَلاَةِ نُوحٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ.

Hadith.1321 - Jamil ibn Darraj asked him (Abu Abdullah (as)): "The ship is close to the shore ; should I disembark and pray?" He (as) replied: "Pray on it (the ship). Are you not content with the prayer of Noah (as)?"

1322 - وَقَالَ لَهُ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مَيْمُونٍ: نَخْرُجُ إِلَى اَلْأَهْوَازِ فِي اَلسُّفُنِ فَنُجَمِّعُ فِيهَا اَلصَّلاَةَ فَقَالَ «نَعَمْ لَيْسَ بِهِ بَأْسٌ» فَقَالَ لَهُ فَنَسْجُدُ عَلَى مَا فِيهَا وَ عَلَى اَلْقِيرِ قَالَ «لاَ بَأْسَ.

Hadith.1322 - Ibrahim ibn Maymun said to him (Abu Abdullah (as)): "We travel to Ahwaz in ships, and we combine the prayers on board." He (as) replied: "Yes, there is no harm in that." He further asked: "And we prostrate on what is in the ship and on the pitch (tar)?" Imam (as) said: "There is no harm."

1323 - وَ رَوَى عَنْهُ مَنْصُورُ بْنُ حَازِمٍ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «اَلْقِيرُ مِنْ نَبَاتِ اَلْأَرْضِ.

Hadith.1323 - Mansur ibn Hazim reported from him (Abu Abdullah (as)) that He said: "Pitch (tar) is from the vegetation of the earth."

1324 - وَ سَأَلَ زُرَارَةُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: فِي اَلرَّجُلِ يُصَلِّي اَلنَّوَافِلَ فِي اَلسَّفِينَةِ قَالَ «يُصَلِّي نَحْوَ رَأْسِهَا.

Hadith.1324 – Zurarah asked Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) about a man performing supererogatory (nafilah) prayers on a ship. Imam (as) said: "He should pray in the direction of its front (bow)."

1325 - وَ سَأَلَ يُونُسُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: عَنِ اَلصَّلاَةِ فِي اَلْفُرَاتِ وَ مَا هُوَ أَصْغَرُ مِنْهُ مِنَ اَلْأَنْهَارِ فِي اَلسَّفِينَةِ فَقَالَ «إِنْ صَلَّيْتَ فَحَسَنٌ وَ إِنْ خَرَجْتَ فَحَسَنٌ» وَ سَأَلَهُ عَنِ اَلصَّلاَةِ فِي اَلسَّفِينَةِ وَ هِيَ تَأْخُذُ شَرْقاً وَ غَرْباً فَقَالَ «اِسْتَقْبِلِ اَلْقِبْلَةَ ثُمَّ كَبِّرْ ثُمَّ دُرْ مَعَ اَلسَّفِينَةِ حَيْثُ دَارَتْ بِكَ.

Hadith.1325 - Yunus ibn Ya'qub asked Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) about praying in the Euphrates or smaller rivers while on a ship. Imam (as) said: "If you pray (on the ship), it is good, and if you disembark to pray, it is also good." He further asked about praying on a ship that moves eastward and westward. He (as) replied: "Face the Qiblah, say the takbir (opening declaration of prayer), and then turn with the ship wherever it turns."

1326 - وَ سَأَلَهُ هَارُونُ بْنُ حَمْزَةَ اَلْغَنَوِيُّ: عَنِ اَلصَّلاَةِ فِي اَلسَّفِينَةِ فَقَالَ «إِنْ كَانَتْ مُحَمَّلَةً ثَقِيلَةً إِذَا قُمْتَ فِيهَا لَمْ تَتَحَرَّكْ فَصَلِّ قَائِماً وَ إِنْ كَانَتْ خَفِيفَةً تَكَفَّأُ فَصَلِّ قَاعِداً.

Hadith.1326 - Harun ibn Hamzah al-Ghanawi asked him (Abu Abdullah (as)) about praying on a ship. Imam (as) said: "If it is heavily loaded and does not move when you stand, then pray standing. But if it is light and unstable, then pray seated."

1327 - وَ سَأَلَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ أَخَاهُ مُوسَى بْنَ جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ فِي اَلسَّفِينَةِ هَلْ يَجُوزُ لَهُ أَنْ يَضَعَ اَلْحَصِيرَ عَلَى اَلْمَتَاعِ أَوِ اَلْقَتِّ وَ اَلتِّبْنِ وَ اَلْحِنْطَةِ وَ اَلشَّعِيرِ وَ غَيْرِ ذَلِكَ ثُمَّ يُصَلِّيَ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ «لاَ بَأْسَ.

Hadith.1327 - Ali ibn Ja'far asked his brother Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as) about a man on a ship: Is it permissible for him to place a mat over goods, straw, wheat, barley, or other items and then pray on it? Imam (as) said: "There is no harm."

1328 - وَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «إِذَا رَكِبْتَ اَلسَّفِينَةَ وَ كَانَتْ تَسِيرُ فَصَلِّ وَ أَنْتَ جَالِسٌ وَ إِذَا كَانَتْ وَاقِفَةً فَصَلِّ وَ أَنْتَ قَائِمٌ.

Hadith.1328 - Ali (as) said: "When you are on a ship and it is moving, then pray while seated. If it is stationary, then pray standing."