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The meaning of the greater pilgrimage and the smaller pilgrimage
أبي - رحمه الله - قال: حدثنا عبد الله بن جعفر الحميري، عن إبراهيم بن مهزيار عن أخيه علي، عن الحسين ، عن حماد بن عيسى، عن شعيب، عن أبي بصير، والنضر، عن ابن سنان، عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلام قال: الحج الأكبر يوم الأضحى.
4. My father, may Allah grant him mercy, said: We were told by Abdullah bin Ja’far al-Himyari, from Ibrahim bin Mahziyar, from his brother, Ali, from Hussain, from Hammad bin Isa, from Shu’ayb, from Abu Baseer, and Nadr, from Ibn Sinan, from Abu Abdillah, peace be upon him, that he said: The greater pilgrimage is the Day of Adha.
حدثنا أبي - رحمه الله - قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله، عن القاسم بن محمد الأصبهاني، عن سليمان بن داود المنقري، قال: حدثنا فضيل بن عياض، عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلام قال: سألته عن الحج الأكبر، فقال: أعندك فيه شئ؟ فقلت: نعم، كان ابن عباس يقول: الحج الأكبر يوم عرفة يعني أنه من أدرك يوم عرفة إلى طلوع الفجر من يوم النحر فقد أدرك الحج ومن فاته ذلك فاته الحج فجعل ليلة عرفة لما قبلها ولما بعدها، والدليل على ذلك أنه من أدرك ليلة النحر إلى طلوع الفجر فقد أدرك الحج و أجزء عنه من عرفة. فقال أبو عبد الله عليه السلام: قال أمير المؤمنين عليه السلام: الحج الأكبر يوم النحر واحتج بقول الله عز وجل: " فسيحوا في الأرض أربعة أشهر " فهي عشرون من ذي الحجة والمحرم والصفر وشهر ربيع الأول وعشر من شهر ربيع الاخر ولو كان الحج الأكبر يوم عرفة لكان السيح أربعة أشهر ويوما واحتج بقول الله عز وجل: " وأذان من الله ورسوله إلى الناس يوم الحج الأكبر " وكنت أنا الاذان في الناس. فقلت له: ما معنى هذه اللفظة " الحج الأكبر "؟ فقال: إنما سمي الأكبر لأنها كانت سنة حج فيها المسلمون والمشركون ولم يحج المشركون بعد تلك السنة.
5. We were told by my father, may Allah grant him mercy, that he said: We were told by Sa’d bin Abdullah, from Qasem bin Muhammed al-Esbahani, from Sulayman bin Dawud al-Manqari, that he said: We were told by Fudail bin ‘Ayyadh, from Abu Abdillah, peace be upon him, that he said: I asked him about the greater pilgrimage, so he said: Do you have anything about it? I said: Yes. Ibn Abbas used to say: The greater pilgrimage is on the Day of Arafah. He meant that the one who catches up with the Day of Arafah until the rise of the dawn from the day of slaughter, has indeed caught up with the pilgrimage, and that the one who misses that has missed the (completion of the) pilgrimage. Hence, he made the night of Arafah (as a standard) to what is before it and to what is after it. The evidence to that is that the one who catches up with the night of (what is before the day of) sacrifice until the rise of dawn, has indeed caught up with the pilgrimage, and it would suffice to him from (the Day of) Arafah. Abu Abdillah, peace be upon him, said: The Commander of the Believers, peace be upon him, said: The greater pilgrimage is the day of slaughter. He argued with the saying of Allah, Exalted and Glorious is He: «So, travel freely in the land for four months» (9:2) and they are twenty from Dhu’l-Hijjah, Muharram, Safar, the month of Rabi’ul-Awwal, and ten from the month of Rabi’ul-Akhir. If the greater pilgrimage was on the Day of Arafah, the (duration of) free travel would have been four months and one day. Moreover, he argued with the saying of Allah, Exalted and Glorious is He: «And (it is) an announcement from Allah and His Messenger to the people on the day of the greater pilgrimage» (9:2), and I was the announcement among the people. Then I said to him: What is the meaning of this phrase: «the greater pilgrimage»? He said: It was only named the greater pilgrimage because it was a year in which (both) the Muslims and the polytheists performed pilgrimage, and the polytheists did not perform pilgrimage after that year.
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The meaning of the known days and the limited number of days
حدثنا محمد بن الحسن بن أحمد بن الوليد - رحمه الله - قال: حدثنا الحسين بن الحسن بن أبان، عن الحسين بن سعيد، عن حماد بن عيسى، عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلام قال: سمعته يقول: قال علي عليه السلام في قول الله عز وجل: " ويذكروا اسم الله في أيام معلومات " قال: أيام العشر.
1. We were told by Muhammed bin Hasan bin Ahmad bin Waleed, may Allah grant him mercy, that he said: We were told by Hussain bin Hasan bin Aban, from Hussain bin Sa’eed, from Hammad bin Isa, from Abu Abdillah, peace be upon him, that he said: I heard him say: Ali, peace be upon him, said with regards to the saying of Allah, Exalted and Glorious is He: «and mention the Name of Allah in known days» (22:28). He said: The days of the ten.
وبهذا الاسناد، عن الحسين بن سعيد، عن محمد الفضيل، عن أبي الصباح، عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلام في قول الله عز وجل: ويذكروا اسم الله في أيام معلومات " قال: هي أيام التشريق.
2. With this chain of narrators, from Hussain bin Sa’eed, from Muhammed bin Fudail, from Abu’l-Sabah, from Abu Abdillah, peace be upon him, with regards to the saying of Allah, Exalted and Glorious is He: «and mention the Name of Allah in known days» (22:28). He said: They are the days of the easternization.
أبي - رحمه الله - قال: حدثنا محمد بن أحمد بن علي بن الصلت، عن عبد الله بن الصلت، عن يونس بن عبد الرحمن، عن المفضل بن صالح، عن زيد الشحام، عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلام في قول الله عز وجل: " واذكروا الله في أيام معدودات " قال: المعلومات والمعدودات واحدة وهي أيام التشريق.
3. My father, may Allah grant him mercy, said: We were told by Muhammed bin Ahmad bin Ali bin Silt, from Abdullah bin Silt, from Yunus bin Abdul-Rahman, from Mufaddal bin Saleh, from Zaid al-Shahham, from Abu Abdillah, peace be upon him, with regards to the saying of Allah, Exalted and Glorious is He: «and mention Allah in limited number of days» (2:203)). He said: The known and the limited are one, and they are the days of the easternization.
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The meaning of warbling and applause
حدثنا محمد بن الحسن بن أحمد بن الوليد - رحمه الله - قال: حدثنا الحسين بن الحسن بن أبان، عن الحسين بن سعيد، عن حماد بن عيسى، عن إبراهيم بن عمر اليماني عمن ذكره، عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلام في قول الله عز وجل: " وما كان صلاتهم عند البيت إلا مكاء وتصدية " قال: التصفير والتصفيق.
1. We were told by Muhammed bin Hasan bin Ahmad bin Waleed, may Allah grant him mercy, that he said: We were told by Hussain bin Hasan bin Aban, from Hussain bin Sa’eed, from Hammad bin Isa, from Ibrahim bin Umar al-Yamani, from the one he mentioned, from Abu Abdillah, peace be upon him, with regards to the saying of Allah, Exalted and Glorious is He: «And their prayer was, at the House, not but warbling and applause.» (8:35) He said: Whistling and handclapping.
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The meaning of the announcement from Allah and His Messenger
أبي - رحمه الله - قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله، عن أحمد بن محمد، عن الحسين بن سعيد، عن فضالة بن أيوب، عن أبان بن عثمان، عن أبي الجارود، عن حكيم بن جبير، عن علي بن الحسين عليهما السلام في قول الله عز وجل: " وأذان من الله ورسوله " قال: الاذان علي عليه السلام.
1. My father, may Allah grant him mercy, said: We were told by Sa’d bin Abdullah, from Ahmad bin Muhammed, from Hussain bin Sa’eed, from Fadala bin Ayub, from Aban bin Uthman, from Abu’l-Jaroud, from Hukaim bin Jubayr, from Ali bin Hussain, peace be upon them both, with regards to the saying of Allah, Exalted and Glorious is He: «And (it is) an announcement from Allah and His Messenger» (9:3). He said: The announcement was Ali, peace be upon him.
حدثنا محمد بن الحسن بن أحمد بن الوليد - رحمه الله - قال: حدثنا محمد بن الحسن الصفار، عن محمد بن الحسين بن أبي الخطاب، عن علي بن أسباط، عن سيف بن عميرة، عن الحارث بن المغيرة بن النصري، عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلام قال: سألته عن قول الله عز وجل: " وأذان من الله ورسوله إلى الناس يوم الحج الأكبر " فقال: اسم نحله الله عز وجل عليا صلوات الله عليه من السماء لأنه هو الذي أدى عن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله براءة وقد كان بعث بها مع أبي بكر أولا فنزل عليه جبرئيل عليه السلام فقال: يا محمد إن الله يقول لك: إنه لا يبلغ عنك إلا أنت أو رجل منك فبعث رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله عند ذلك عليا عليه السلام فلحق أبا بكر وأخذ الصحيفة من يده ومضى بها إلى مكة فسماه الله تعالى أذانا من الله، إنه اسم نحله الله من السماء لعلي عليه السلام.
2. We were told by Muhammed bin Hasan bin Ahmad bin Waleed, may Allah grant him mercy, that he said: We were told by Muhammed bin Hasan al-Saffar, from Muhammed bin Hussain bin Abi’l-Khattab, from Ali bin Asbat, from Saif bin ‘Umayra, from Harith bin Mughaira bin Nasri, from Abu Abdillah, peace be upon him, that he said: I asked him about the saying of Allah, Exalted and Glorious is He: «And (it is) an announcement from Allah and His Messenger to the people on the day of the greater pilgrimage» (9:3). He said: It is a name whom Allah, Exalted and Glorious is He, gifted to Ali, Allah’s blessings be upon him, from the Heaven, because he was, indeed, the one who delivered on behalf of Allah’s Messenger, Allah’s blessings be upon him and his Family, (the chapter of) Bara’a [1]. He had sent it with Abu Bakr at first, at which Jibra’eel, peace be upon him, descended unto him and said: «O Muhammed, indeed, Allah says to you: Indeed, none shall deliver on behalf of you except for you or a man from you». Then the Messenger of Allah, Allah’s blessings be upon him and his Family, sent Ali, peace be upon him, therein, and so he caught up with Abu Bakr, took the journal from his hand and went with it to Mecca. Allah then named it an Announcement from Allah. It is, indeed, a name gifted by Allah from the Heaven to Ali, peace be upon him.
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The meaning of the witness and the witnessed, and the meaning of the Day for which people gather
أبي - رحمه الله - قال: حدثنا أحمد بن إدريس، عن محمد بن أحمد بن يحيى، ومحمد ابن علي بن محبوب، عن محمد بن عيسى بن عبيد، عن صفوان بن يحيى، عن إسماعيل بن جابر عن رجاله، عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلام في قول الله عز وجل: " ذلك يوم مجموع له الناس وذلك يوم مشهود " قال: المشهود يوم عرفة والمجموع له الناس يوم القيامة.
1. My father, may Allah grant him mercy, said: We were told by Ahmad bin Idrees, from Muhammed bin Ahmad bin Yahya, and Muhammed ibn Ali bin Mahbub, from Muhammed bin Isa bin ‘Ubaid, from Safwan bin Yahya, from Isma’eel bin Jabir, from his narrators, from Abu Abdillah, peace be upon him, with regards to the saying of Allah, Exalted and Glorious is He: «That is a Day for which the people will gather, and that is a Day that is (to be) witnessed.» (11:103) He said: That which is the witnessed is the Day of Arafah, and that for which people will gather is the Day of Resurrection.
حدثنا محمد بن الحسن بن أحمد بن الوليد، قال: حدثني محمد بن الحسن الصفار عن أحمد بن محمد بن عيسى، عن ابن فضال، عن أبي جميلة، عن محمد بن علي الحلبي، عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلا م في قوله عز وجل: " وشاهد ومشهود قال: الشاهد يوم الجمعة، والمشهود يوم عرفة.
2. We were told by Muhammed bin Hasan bin Ahmad bin Waleed, that he said: I was told by Muhammed bin Hasan al-Saffar, from Ahmad bin Muhammed bin Isa, from Ibn Faddal, from Abu Jameela, from Muhammed bin Ali al-Halabi, from Abu Abdillah, peace be upon him, with regards to the saying of Allah, Exalted and Glorious is He: «And by the witness, and by what is to be witnessed» (85:3). He said: The witness is Friday, and that which is to be witnessed is the Day of Arafah.
