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Imamate of Imam Hasan Askari (a.s)
180- أخبرني جماعة عن التلعكبري عن أحمد بن علي الرازي عن الحسين بن علي عن أبي الحسن الأيادي قال:حدثني أبو جعفر العمري رضي الله عنه أن أبا طاهر بن بلبل حج فنظر إلى علي بن جعفر الهماني وهو ينفق النفقات العظيمة، فلما انصرف كتب بذلك إلى أبي محمد عليه السلام،فوقع في رقعته: قد كنا أمرنا له بمائة ألف دينار،ثم أمرنا له بمثلها فأبى قبولها إبقاء علينا. ما للناس والدخول في أمرنا فيما لم ندخلهم فيه؟
H 180 - A group of scholars has narrated from Talakbari from Ahmad bin Ali Raazi from Husain bin Ali from Abul Hasan Ayyadi that he said: Narrated to me Abu Ja’far Amari that Abu Tahir Bulbul performed the Hajj and there he saw that Ali bin Ja’far Hammani [representative of Imam Hasan Askari (a.s)] spending a lot of money. When he returned from Hajj, he wrote a letter to the Imam [apparently to object to so much generosity]. Imam (a.s) wrote in reply: We ordered him to take a hundred thousand dinars for himself; again we ordered him to take a hundred thousand dinars, but he refused to accept it and left it all with us. People do not have the right to interfere in the matters in which we have not included them.
فأما القائلون بأن الحسن بن علي لم يمت وهو حي باق وهو المهدي فقولهم باطل بما علمنا موته كما علمنا موت من تقدم من آبائه. والطريقة واحدة والكلام عليهم واحد. هذا مع انقراض القائلين به واندراسهم،ولو كانوا محقين لما انقرضوا. ويدل أيضا على صحة وفاته:
The belief of those who say that Imam Hasan Askari (a.s) has not died and that he is alive; on the contrary he is the Mahdi, is invalid from the aspect that just as we know about the passing away of his ancestors, we are having information about his martyrdom as well, and the same arguments are applicable in this matter as well [mentioned previously]. In addition to this, those who had such belief are now extinct, whereas if they had been true, they would not have disappeared. The following traditional reports also prove the martyrdom of Imam Hasan Askari (a.s):
181- ما رواه سعد بن عبد الله الأشعري قال:سمعت أحمد بن عبيد الله بن خاقان وهو عامل السلطان بقم-في حديث طويل اختصرناه– قال: لما اعتل أبو محمد الحسن بن علي عليه السلام بعث إلى أبي أن ابن الرضا قد اعتل،فركب مبادرا إلى دار الخلافة. ثم رجع مستعجلا ومعه خمسة من خدم أمير المؤمنين من ثقاته وخاصته،منهم نحرير. فأمرهم بلزوم دار أبي محمد وتعرف خبره وحاله. وبعث إلى نفر من المتطببين فأمرهم بالاختلاف إليه وتعهده صباحا ومساء. فلما كان بعد يومين أخبر أنه قد ضعف،فركب حتى نظر إليه ثم أمر المتطببين بلزومه وبعث إلى قاضي القضاة فأحضره مجلسه وأمره أن يختار من أصحابه عشرة فبعث بهم إلى دار أبي محمد وأمرهم بلزومه ليلا ونهارا.فلم يزالوا هناك حتى توفي عليه السلام لأيام مضت من شهر ربيع الأول سنة ستين ومائتين. فصارت سر من رأى ضجة واحدة: مات ابن الرضا.ثم أخذوا في تهيئته وعطلت الأسواق وركب أبي وبنو هاشم وسائر الناس إلى جنازته وأمر السلطان أبا عيسى بن المتوكل بالصلاة عليه، فلما وضعت الجنازة دنا أبو عيسى فكشف عن وجهه وعرضه على بني هاشم من العلوية والعباسية والقواد والكتاب والقضاة والفقهاء المعدلين وقال: هذا الحسن بن علي بن محمد بن الرضا، مات حتف أنفه على فراشه، حضره من خدم أمير المؤمنين من ثقاته فلان وفلان وفلان. ثم غطى وجهه وصلى عليه وكبرعليه خمسا وأمر بحمله فحمل من وسط داره ودفن في البيت الذي دفن فيه أبوه.
H 181 - Saad bin Abdullah Ashari said: I heard Ahmad bin Ubaidullah bin Khaqan – and he was the official of the ruler in Qom – say in a lengthy traditions, which we have condensed: When Abu Muhammad, Hasan Ibn Ali (a.s) fell sick, he sent his men to my father and informed about the illness of Ibn Ridha. Immediately, he mounted a horse and moved towards Darul Khilafa. Then He came back hurriedly, accompanied by five reliable servants of the master of faithful. One of them was Nahrir. He ordered the servants to keep a vigil on the house of Hasan bin Ali and gather information about him from time to time. He called a group of physicians and asked them to visit him regularly. After two days, a person informed that Imam became very weak. My father started out to meet him and stayed with him till morning and then ordered his servants to stay with him. Then he called the chief justice and ordered him to select ten such persons from the community, who were known for their honesty and trustworthiness. The selected persons were thus sent to the house of (Imam) Hasan. They were ordered to stay there day and night till his demise. After a few days of the month of Rabi I, 260 A.H. passed away, the news spread in entire Samarrah that Ibn Ridha has passed away. Then he made preparations for the rites of Imam. He closed all the markets. My father, people of Bani Hashim, soldiers, secretaries and other people attended his funeral. The caliph asked Abu Isa Ibn Mutawakkil to offer the funeral prayer. The coffin was prepared and Abu Isa moved near it and removed the cloth off the face of Imam and addressed the people, “This is Hasan bin Ali bin Muhammad bin Ridha, who died a natural death and the servants of the master of faithful, and so-and-so judges are witness to it. Then he covered his face and stood up to offer the funeral prayer. He recited five Takbirs and the bier was ordered to be lifted. The bier was taken from his house and the Imam was buried near the grave of his father.
وأما من قال إن الحسن بن علي عليهما السلام يعيش بعد موته وإنه القائم بالأمر وتعلقهم بما روي عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلام أنه قال: إنما سمي القائم قائما لأنه يقوم بعد ما يموت، فقوله باطل بما دللنا عليه من موته. وادعاؤهم أنه يعيش يحتاج إلى دليل، ولو جاز لهم ذلك لجاز أن تقول الواقفة إن موسى بن جعفر عليهماالسلام يعيش بعد موته. على أن هذا يؤدي إلى خلو الزمان من إمام بعد موت الحسن عليه السلام إلى حين يحيى. وقد دللنا بأدلة عقلية على فساد ذلك.ويدل على فساد ذلك أيضا:
As for the belief that Imam Hasan Askari (a.s) will come back to life after his demise and establish the divinely ordained government, arguing on the basis of the tradition from Imam Ja’far Sadiq (a.s), “He is named Qaim, because he will rise after his demise.” Their belief is wrong, because it is proved that he has passed away, and the claim that he will come back to life requires proof. If it is possible for them to say that the Waqifa might say that Musa Ibn Ja’far will come back to life after his death. Additionally, it follows that the era will be devoid of an Imam after the demise of Hasan until he comes back to life, which has been proved rationally invalid. The traditions, which assert that should the earth remain without an Imam for an hour, it would perish, invalidate this belief.
182- ما رواه سعد بن عبد الله الأشعري عن محمد بن عيسى بن عبيد ومحمد بن الحسين بن أبي الخطاب عن محمد بن الفضل عن أبي حمزة الثمالي قال: قلت لأبي عبد الله عليه السلام: أتبقى الأرض بغير إمام؟ فقال: لو بقيت الأرض بغير إمام ساعة لساخت.
H 182 - Saad bin Abdullah Ashari has narrated from Muhammad bin Isa bin Ubaid and Muhammad bin Husain bin Abil Khattab from Muhammad bin Fadhl from Abu Hamza Thumali that he said: I asked Imam Ja’far Sadiq (a.s): “Can the earth remain without an Imam?” He replied: “If the earth is without an Imam for a moment, it will indeed cave into itself.”
183- وقول أمير المؤمنين عليه السلام: اللهم إنك لا تخلي الأرض من حجة إما ظاهرا مشهورا أو خائفا مغمورا يدل على ذلك.
H 183 - A saying of Amirul Momineen (a.s), “O Allah, do not leave the earth without a Divine Proof (Hujjah), either apparent and famed or hidden and unknown,” proves this.
على أن قوله يقوم بعد ما يموت لو صح الخبر احتمل أن يكون أراد يقوم بعد ما يموت ذكره ويخمل ولا يعرف،وهذا جائز في اللغة. وما دللنا به على أن الأئمة اثنا عشر يبطل هذا المقال لأن الحسن بن علي عليه السلام هو الحادي عشر فيبطل قولهم على أن القائلين بذلك قد انقرضوا ولله الحمد ولو كان حقا لما انقرض القائلون به.
Even if we accept the reliability of the tradition that, “he will rise after his demise,” it could mean that he will rise after his name will die and after he will be in hiding and will not be known, which is possible in the language. Our proof that the Imams are Twelve also disproves this claim. Besides, the followers of this creed have perished, and praise belongs to the Lord. Had they been righteous in their beliefs, they would not have perished.
وأما من ذهب إلى الفترة بعد الحسن بن علي عليهما السلام وخلو الزمان من إمام، فقولهم باطـل بمـا دللنـا عليـه مـن أن الزمـان لا يخلـو عن إمـام في حـال من الأحـوال بأدلـة عقليـة وشرعية وتعلقهم بالفترات بين الرسل باطل لأن الفترة عبارة عن خلو الزمان من نبي ونحن لا نوجب النبوة في كل حال وليس في ذلك دلالة على خلو الزمان من إمام على أن القائلين بذلك قد انقرضوا ولله الحمد فسقط هذا القول أيضا.
As for those who believe that time remains devoid of an Imam after Imam Hasan Askari (a.s), their belief is invalid, because we have proved through rational as well as narrational proofs that time does not remain devoid of an Imam in any condition. Their argument that there were times when there were no prophets cannot benefit them, since we don’t believe that there has to be a prophet in every age and such an assertion does not prove the possibility that an era can be without an Imam. Besides, the followers of this creed have perished as well, and praise belongs to the Lord. Therefore, this belief is also invalid.
وأما القائلون بإمامة جعفر بن علي بعد أخيه عليه السلام، فقولهم باطل بما دللنا عليه من أنه يجب أن يكون الإمام معصوما لا يجوز عليه الخطأ، وأنه يجب أن يكون أعلم الأمة بالأحكام. وجعفر لم يكن معصوما بلا خلاف، وما ظهر من أفعاله التي تنافي العصمة أكثر من أن يحصى، لا نطول بذكرها الكتاب، وإن عرض فيما بعد ما يقتضي ذكر بعضها ذكرناه. وأما كونه عالما فإنه كان خاليا منه، فكيف تثبت إمامته على أن القائلين بهذه المقالة قد انقرضوا أيضا ولله الحمد والمنة.
As for the believers in the Imamate of Ja’far bin Ali [Ja’far Kazzab] after his brother, their belief is wrong, because an Imam has to be infallible and beyond errors and he has to be the most knowledgeable of all of the Ummah in the rulings. However, indisputably Ja’far was not infallible. The actions manifested by him, which contradict the notion of his infallibility, are more than to be enumerated and we will not prolong the book by chronicling them here. Should a need arise in the future we shall mention some of them. As for his knowledgeability, he did not have any. How can he be an Imam then? Besides the followers of this creed have perished, and to Allah is all praise and gratitude.
وأما من قال لا ولد لأبي محمد عليه السلام فقوله يبطل بما دللنا عليه من إمامة الاثني عشر وسياقة الأمر فيهم. ويزيده بيانا:
As for the assertion that Imam Hasan Askari (a.s) did not have a son, it is invalid, because we proved that the Imams are twelve and this divinely ordained authority is bestowed to them. There are some more reports on this topic, which we mention below:
