Al-Kāfi

4- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى رَفَعَهُ عَنْهُمْ (عَلَيْهِم السَّلام) قَالَ قَالَ مَنْ أَوْصَى بِالثُّلُثِ احْتُسِبَ لَهُ مِنْ زَكَاتِهِ.

4. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated in a marfu‘ the following: “‘A’immah, ‘Alayhim al-Salam, have said, ‘If one makes a will about one-third of his legacy it is counted as his Zakat.’”

5- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) فِي رَجُلٍ أَقَرَّ عِنْدَ مَوْتِهِ لِفُلانٍ وَفُلانٍ لأحَدِهِمَا عِنْدِي أَلْفُ دِرْهَمٍ ثُمَّ مَاتَ عَلَى تِلْكَ الْحَالِ فَقَالَ أَيُّهُمَا أَقَامَ الْبَيِّنَةَ فَلَهُ الْمَالُ فَإِنْ لَمْ يُقِمْ وَاحِدٌ مِنْهُمَا الْبَيِّنَةَ فَالْمَالُ بَيْنَهُمَا نِصْفَانِ.

5. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from al-Nawfaliy from al-Sakuniy who has narrated the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that about the case of a man who at the time of his death states that either one of so and so and so and so has one thousand dirham with me then he dies in such condition, ’Amir al-Mu’minin, has issued the following decree. ‘Whoever presents testimony can receive the asset but if no one of them can present testimony they divide it half and half.’”

6- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ هَارُونَ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ مَسْعَدَةَ بْنِ صَدَقَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ مَنْ عَدَلَ فِي وَصِيَّتِهِ كَانَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ مَنْ تَصَدَّقَ بِهَا فِي حَيَاتِهِ وَمَنْ جَارَ فِي وَصِيَّتِهِ لَقِيَ اللهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَهُوَ عَنْهُ مُعْرِضٌ.

6. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Harun ibn Muslim from Mas’adah ibn Sadaqah who has narrated the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘One who maintains justice in his will is like one who has given in charity in his lifetime and one who is unjust in his will he, on the Day of Judgment, will come before Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, who will shun him.’”

7- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الرَّيَّانِ قَالَ كَتَبْتُ إِلَى أَبِي الْحَسَنِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) أَسْأَلُهُ عَنْ إِنْسَانٍ أَوْصَى بِوَصِيَّةٍ فَلَمْ يَحْفَظِ الْوَصِيُّ إِلا بَاباً وَاحِداً مِنْهَا كَيْفَ يَصْنَعُ فِي الْبَاقِي فَوَقَّعَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) الأبْوَابُ الْبَاقِيَةُ يَجْعَلُهَا فِي الْبِرِّ.

7. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Muhammad ibn al-Rayyan who has narrated the following: “I once wrote to abu al-Hassan (a.s.), and asked him about a man who makes a will but the executor of the will executes only one item of it. What must he do about the other items? He (the Imam) signed the answer that said, ‘He can spend the other chapters (items) in good causes.’”

8- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا قَالَ كَتَبْتُ إِلَى أَبِي الْحَسَنِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) أَنِّي وَقَفْتُ أَرْضاً عَلَى وُلْدِي وَفِي حَجٍّ وَوُجُوهِ بِرٍّ وَلَكَ فِيهِ حَقٌّ بَعْدِي أَوْ لِمَنْ بَعْدَكَ وَقَدْ أَزَلْتُهَا عَنْ ذَلِكَ الْمَجْرَى فَقَالَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) أَنْتَ فِي حِلٍّ وَمُوَسَّعٌ لَكَ.

8. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn Mahziyar from certain persons of our people who have said the following: “I once wrote to abu al-Hassan (a.s.), saying, ‘I have made a piece of land an endowment for my children, for al-Hajj and for the ways and aspects of virtuous matters. There is your right after me and for the one after you and I have moved it from that course.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It is lawful for you and you have the permission to do so.’” (It perhaps refers to the case before handing it over to endowment.)

9- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى بْنِ عُبَيْدٍ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ عِيسَى قَالَ كَتَبْتُ إِلَى أَبِي الْحَسَنِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) أَسْأَلُهُ فِي رَجُلٍ أَوْصَى بِبَعْضِ ثُلُثِهِ مِنْ بَعْدِ مَوْتِهِ مِنْ غَلَّةِ ضَيْعَةٍ لَهُ إِلَى وَصِيِّهِ يَضَعُ نِصْفَهُ فِي مَوَاضِعَ سَمَّاهَا لَهُ مَعْلُومَةٍ فِي كُلِّ سَنَةٍ وَالْبَاقِي مِنَ الثُّلُثِ يَعْمَلُ فِيهِ بِمَا شَاءَ وَرَأَى الْوَصِيُّ فَأَنْفَذَ الْوَصِيُّ مَا أَوْصَى إِلَيْهِ مِنَ الْمُسَمَّى الْمَعْلُومِ وَقَالَ فِي الْبَاقِي قَدْ صَيَّرْتُ لِفُلانٍ كَذَا وَلِفُلانٍ كَذَا وَلِفُلانٍ كَذَا فِي كُلِّ سَنَةٍ وَفِي الْحَجِّ كَذَا وَكَذَا وَفِي الصَّدَقَةِ كَذَا فِي كُلِّ سَنَةٍ ثُمَّ بَدَا لَهُ فِي كُلِّ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ قَدْ شِئْتُ الأوَّلَ وَرَأَيْتُ خِلافَ مَشِيَّتِيَ الأولَى وَرَأْيِي أَلَهُ أَنْ يَرْجِعَ فِيهَا وَيُصَيِّرَ مَا صَيَّرَ لِغَيْرِهِمْ أَوْ يَنْقُصَهُمْ أَوْ يُدْخِلَ مَعَهُمْ غَيْرَهُمْ إِنْ أَرَادَ ذَلِكَ فَكَتَبَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) لَهُ أَنْ يَفْعَلَ مَا شَاءَ إِلا أَنْ يَكُونَ كَتَبَ كِتَاباً عَلَى نَفْسِهِ.

9. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn ‘Isa ibn ‘Ubayd m Ja‘far ibn ‘Isa who has narrated the following: “I once wrote to abu al-Hassan (a.s.), about the case of a man who made a will about a part of the one-third of his legacy after his death from the income of a certain asset that belonged to him. He instructed the executor of his will to spend half of it for the causes he mentioned every year and with the rest of the one-third he can do whatever he wanted. The executor of the will executed what the deceased wanted about the known causes. About the remaining he said that he has given it to so and so and so and so every year, for al-Hajj such and such amount, and for charity such and such amount every year. He then decided to change all of such causes. He said that he has decided to spend for causes other than those he wanted before; if he can do such changes and alterations of such nature reducing and including other causes if he wanted. He (the Imam) wrote the answer that said, ‘He can do whatever he wants except if he has written upon himself for doing certain things.’”

10- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ [بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ] بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْهَمَذَانِيِّ قَالَ كَتَبَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى هَلْ لِلْوَصِيِّ أَنْ يَشْتَرِيَ شَيْئاً مِنْ مَالِ الْمَيِّتِ إِذَا بِيعَ فِيمَنْ زَادَ فَيَزِيدَ وَيَأْخُذَ لِنَفْسِهِ فَقَالَ يَجُوزُ إِذَا اشْتَرَى صَحِيحاً.

10. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Hassan [ibn Ibrahim] ibn Muhammad al-Hamadaniy who has narrated the following: “Once, Muhammad ibn Yahya wrote (to the Imam), ‘Is it lawful for an executor of the will to buy something from the assets of the deceased as the highest bidder? He (the Imam) said, ‘It is permissible if he buys it in an undamaged condition.’”

11- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ أَبِي عَلِيِّ بْنِ رَاشِدٍ عَنْ صَاحِبِ الْعَسْكَرِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قُلْتُ لَهُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ نُؤْتَى بِالشَّيْ‏ءِ فَيُقَالُ هَذَا مَا كَانَ لأبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عِنْدَنَا فَكَيْفَ نَصْنَعُ فَقَالَ مَا كَانَ لأبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) بِسَبَبِ الإمَامَةِ فَهُوَ لِي وَمَا كَانَ غَيْرَ ذَلِكَ فَهُوَ مِيرَاثٌ عَلَى كِتَابِ اللهِ وَسُنَّةِ نَبِيِّهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه).

11. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from abu Ali ibn Rashid who has narrated the following: “I once said to Sahib al- ‘Askar (a.s.), ‘I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause, something is brought to us and it is said “This is what was for abu Ja’far (a.s.).” How must we deal with it?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Whatever was for abu Ja‘far because of Imamat (leadership with divine authority), it belongs to me, and whatever is because of other reasons, it then is legacy according to the book of Allah and the Sunnah of His Prophet, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause.’”

12- عَنْهُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ قَالَ كَتَبْتُ إِلَيْهِ رَجُلٌ مَاتَ وَجَعَلَ كُلَّ شَيْ‏ءٍ لَهُ فِي حَيَاتِهِ لَكَ وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ وَلَدٌ ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ أَصَابَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ وَلَداً وَمَبْلَغُ مَالِهِ ثَلاثَةُ آلافِ دِرْهَمٍ وَقَدْ بَعَثْتُ إِلَيْكَ بِأَلْفِ دِرْهَمٍ فَإِنْ رَأَيْتَ جَعَلَنِيَ اللهُ فِدَاكَ أَنْ تُعْلِمَنِي فِيهِ رَأْيَكَ لأعْمَلَ بِهِ فَكَتَبَ أَطْلِقْ لَهُمْ.

12. It is narrated from the narrator of the previous Hadith from Muhammad ibn Ahmad from al-Husayn ibn Malik who has narrated the following: “I once wrote to him (the Imam) (a.s.), ‘A man has died who in his lifetime had made everything that he had for you and he did not have any children, thereafter a child was born to him and his assets are three thousand dirham. He has sent to you one thousand dirham. I like to know your decision in the matter so I can follow.’ He (the Imam) (a.s.), wrote the answer that said, ‘I leave it for them.’”

13- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ قَالَ كَتَبْتُ إِلَى أَبِي الْحَسَنِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) اعْلَمْ يَا سَيِّدِي أَنَّ ابْنَ أَخٍ لِي تُوُفِّيَ فَأَوْصَى لِسَيِّدِي بِضَيْعَةٍ وَأَوْصَى أَنْ يُدْفَعَ كُلُّ شَيْ‏ءٍ فِي دَارِهِ حَتَّى الأوْتَادُ تُبَاعُ وَيُجْعَلُ الثَّمَنُ إِلَى سَيِّدِي وَأَوْصَى بِحَجٍّ وَأَوْصَى لِلْفُقَرَاءِ مِنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ وَأَوْصَى لِعَمَّتِهِ وَأُخْتِهِ بِمَالٍ فَنَظَرْتُ فَإِذَا مَا أَوْصَى بِهِ أَكْثَرُ مِنَ الثُّلُثِ وَلَعَلَّهُ يُقَارِبُ النِّصْفَ مِمَّا تَرَكَ وَخَلَّفَ ابْناً لَهُ ثَلاثُ سِنِينَ وَتَرَكَ دَيْناً فَرَأْيُ سَيِّدِي فَوَقَّعَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) يُقْتَصَرُ مِنْ وَصِيَّتِهِ عَلَى الثُّلُثِ مِنْ مَالِهِ وَيُقْسَمُ ذَلِكَ بَيْنَ مَنْ أَوْصَى لَهُ عَلَى قَدْرِ سِهَامِهِمْ إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ.

13. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from ‘Abd Allah ibn Ja‘far from al-Husayn ibn Malik who has narrated the following: “I once wrote to abu al-Hassan (a.s.), saying, ’My master, I inform you that the son of my brother has died and has made a will about a certain piece of property for you. He in his will has said that everything in his house must be given, even the pegs must be sold and the price sent to my master. He has made a will for al-Hajj. He has made a will for the poor of his family, for his aunt, for his sister to receive a certain amount of property and I have considered it to be more than one-third, perhaps about one-half of his legacy, and he has left behind a son who is three years old. He has left debts to pay. I want to know your opinion, my master, in the matter.’ He (the Imam) signed the answer that said, ‘His will must be limited within one-third of his legacy and it will be divided among the beneficiaries proportionate to each one’s share.’”