Al-Kāfi

ابْنُ فَضَّالٍ عَمَّنْ أَخْبَرَهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ لَا يَكُونُ الظِّهَارُ إِلَّا عَلَى مِثْلِ مَوْضِعِ الطَّلَاقِ .

5. Ibn Faddal has narrated from the one who narrated to him who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Al-Zihar can take place only in the environment of divorce.’”

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجْرَانَ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ وَ غَيْرِهِ قَالَ تَزَوَّجَ حَمْزَةُ بْنُ حُمْرَانَ ابْنَةَ بُكَيْرٍ فَلَمَّا كَانَ فِي اللَّيْلَةِ الَّتِي أُدْخِلَ بِهَا عَلَيْهِ قُلْنَ لَهُ النِّسَاءُ أَنْتَ لَا تُبَالِي الطَّلَاقَ وَ لَيْسَ هُوَ عِنْدَكَ بِشَيْ‏ءٍ وَ لَيْسَ نُدْخِلُهَا عَلَيْكَ حَتَّى تُظَاهِرَ مِنْ أُمَّهَاتِ أَوْلَادِكَ قَالَ فَفَعَلَ فَذَكَرَ ذَلِكَ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) فَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَقْرَبَهُنَّ .

6. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn abu Najran from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from ‘Abd Allah ibn al- Mughirah and others who has said the following: “Hamzah ibn Humran married the daughter of Bukayr. In the night that she was to be brought to him women said to him that divorce does not matter to you much and it is not important for you. ‘We will not bring her (the bride) to you until you form al-Zihar about the mothers of your children.’ He (the narrator) has said that he agreed to do so and mentioned it to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.). He (the Imam) commanded him to settle (keep) them.’”

أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الْأَشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ وَ أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ الرَّزَّازُ عَنْ أَيُّوبَ بْنِ نُوحٍ جَمِيعاً عَنْ صَفْوَانَ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ قَالَ تَزَوَّجَ حَمْزَةُ بْنُ حُمْرَانَ ابْنَةَ بُكَيْرٍ فَلَمَّا أَرَادَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ بِهَا قَالَ لَهُ النِّسَاءُ لَسْنَا نُدْخِلُهَا عَلَيْكَ حَتَّى تَحْلِفَ لَنَا وَ لَسْنَا نَرْضَى أَنْ تَحْلِفَ بِالْعِتْقِ لِأَنَّكَ لَا تَرَاهُ شَيْئاً وَ لَكِنِ احْلِفْ لَنَا بِالظِّهَارِ وَ ظَاهِرْ مِنْ أُمَّهَاتِ أَوْلَادِكَ وَ جَوَارِيكَ فَظَاهَرَ مِنْهُنَّ ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ ذَلِكَ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) فَقَالَ لَيْسَ عَلَيْكَ شَيْ‏ءٌ ارْجِعْ إِلَيْهِنَّ .

7. Abu Ali al-Ash‘ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar and abu al-‘Abbas al-Razzaz from Ayyub ibn Nuh all from Safwan from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from ‘Abd Allah ibn al-Mughirah who has said the following: “Hamzah ibn Humran married daughter of Bukayr. In the night that she was to be brought to him women said to him, ‘We would not bring her to you until you swear. We will not agree to your swearing about setting free slaves because you do not consider it anything important; but you must swear about al-Zihar and form al-Zihar about the mothers of your children and slave-girls.’ He formed al-Zihar about them, then he mentioned it to abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.). He (the Imam) said, ‘You do not owe anything because of it and you can go back to them.’”

أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الْأَشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يُصَلِّي الصَّلَاةَ أَوْ يَتَوَضَّأُ فَيَشُكُّ فِيهَا بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ فَيَقُولُ إِنْ أَعَدْتُ الصَّلَاةَ أَوْ أَعَدْتُ الْوُضُوءَ فَامْرَأَتُهُ عَلَيْهِ كَظَهْرِ أُمِّهِ وَ يَحْلِفُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ بِالطَّلَاقِ فَقَالَ هَذَا مِنْ خُطُوَاتِ الشَّيْطَانِ لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ شَيْ‏ءٌ .

8. Abu Ali al-Ash‘ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from Safwan who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who doubts a great deal in his wudu. He then says, ‘If I repeat my Salat (prayer) or wudu (because of doubts), then my wife will be like the back of my mother and swears for it about divorce.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It is of the misdeeds of Satan. He does not owe anything because of it.’”

عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ظَاهَرْتُ مِنِ امْرَأَتِي قَالَ اذْهَبْ فَأَعْتِقْ رَقَبَةً قَالَ لَيْسَ عِنْدِي شَيْ‏ءٌ قَالَ اذْهَبْ فَصُمْ شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتَابِعَيْنِ قَالَ لَا أَقْوَى قَالَ اذْهَبْ فَأَطْعِمْ سِتِّينَ مِسْكِيناً قَالَ لَيْسَ عِنْدِي قَالَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) أَنَا أَتَصَدَّقُ عَنْكَ فَأَعْطَاهُ تَمْراً لِإِطْعَامِ سِتِّينَ مِسْكِيناً قَالَ اذْهَبْ فَتَصَدَّقْ بِهَا فَقَالَ وَ الَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ مَا أَعْلَمُ بَيْنَ لَابَتَيْهَا أَحَداً أَحْوَجَ إِلَيْهِ مِنِّي وَ مِنْ عِيَالِي قَالَ فَاذْهَبْ فَكُلْ وَ أَطْعِمْ عِيَالَكَ .

9. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father and A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ‘Uthman ibn ‘Isa from Sama‘ah from abu Basir who has said the following: “I once heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), saying that once a man came to the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, and said, ‘O Messenger of Allah, I have formed al-Zihar with my wife’. He (the Messenger of Allah) said, ‘Go and set free a slave.’ He said, ‘I do not have anything.’ He (the Messenger of Allah) said, ‘Go and fast for two consecutive months.’ He said, ‘I cannot do so.’ He (the Messenger of Allah) said, ‘Go and feed sixty destitute people.’ He said, ‘I do not have that much food.’ He (the Imam) has said that the Messenger of Allah then said, ‘I will do it for you.’ He (the Messenger of Allah) gave him dates to feed sixty destitute people and told him to give to them.’ He then said, ‘I swear by the One who has sent you with truth, I do not know of anyone between the two mountains on both sides of this city needier to this date than myself and my family.’ He (the Messenger of Allah) said, ‘Go, eat thereof and feed to your family.’”

عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ دَرَّاجٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) الرَّجُلُ يَقُولُ لِامْرَأَتِهِ أَنْتِ عَلَيَّ كَظَهْرِ عَمَّتِهِ أَوْ خَالَتِهِ قَالَ هُوَ الظِّهَارُقَالَ وَ سَأَلْنَاهُ عَنِ الظِّهَارِ مَتَى يَقَعُ عَلَى صَاحِبِهِ الْكَفَّارَةُ فَقَالَ إِذَا أَرَادَ أَنْ يُوَاقِعَ امْرَأَتَهُ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ طَلَّقَهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ يُوَاقِعَهَا أَ عَلَيْهِ كَفَّارَةٌ قَالَ لَا سَقَطَتْ عَنْهُ الْكَفَّارَةُقُلْتُ فَإِنْ صَامَ بَعْضاً فَمَرِضَ فَأَفْطَرَ أَ يَسْتَقْبِلُ أَمْ يُتِمُّ مَا بَقِيَ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ إِنْ صَامَ شَهْراً فَمَرِضَ اسْتَقْبَلَ وَ إِنْ زَادَ عَلَى الشَّهْرِ الْآخَرِ يَوْماً أَوْ يَوْمَيْنِ بَنَى عَلَى مَا بَقِيَقَالَ وَ قَالَ الْحُرَّةُ وَ الْمَمْلُوكَةُ سَوَاءٌ غَيْرَ أَنَّ عَلَى الْمَمْلُوكِ نِصْفَ مَا عَلَى الْحُرِّ مِنَ الْكَفَّارَةِ وَ لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ عِتْقٌ وَ لَا صَدَقَةٌ إِنَّمَا عَلَيْهِ صِيَامُ شَهْرٍ .

10. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Jamil ibn Darraj who has said the following: “I once said to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), that a man says to his wife that she is like the back of his paternal or maternal aunt. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is al-Zihar.’ He (the narrator) has said that we asked him (the Imam) about al-Zihar and about when expiation becomes due on such man. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is when he wants to go to bed with his wife.’ I then asked, ‘Will there be expiation if he divorces her before going to bed with her?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Expiation does not fall off of him.’ I then asked, ‘If he fasts a part of fasting, then he falls ill and he discontinues his fast, must he start it all over again or continue from where he had left to complete what he owes?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘If he has fasted one month, then has fallen ill, he must start all over again, but if he has done more than one month by one day or two days he can continue from there onward to complete the rest.’ He (the narrator) has said that he (the Imam) said, ‘Free and slaves are the same except that slaves owe one-half of expiation on a free person. He (a slave) does not owe setting free of slaves or charity. He must only fast for one month.’”

أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الْأَشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ وَ الرَّزَّازُ عَنْ أَيُّوبَ بْنِ نُوحٍ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا إِبْرَاهِيمَ ( عليه السلام ) عَنِ الرَّجُلُ يُظَاهِرُ مِنْ جَارِيَتِهِ فَقَالَ الْحُرَّةُ وَ الْأَمَةُ فِي ذَلِكَ سَوَاءٌ .

11. Abu Ali al-Ash‘ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar and al-Razzaz from Ayyub ibn Nuh from Safwan ibn Yahya from Ishaq ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “I once asked abu Ibrahim (a.s.), about the case of a man who forms al-Zihar about his slave-girl. He (the Imam) said, ‘Free and slaves are the same in al-Zihar.’”

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنِ الْعَلَاءِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا ( عليهما السلام ) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ ظَاهَرَ مِنِ امْرَأَتِهِ خَمْسَ مَرَّاتٍ أَوْ أَكْثَرَ فَقَالَ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ( عليه السلام ) مَكَانَ كُلِّ مَرَّةٍ كَفَّارَةٌقَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ ظَاهَرَ مِنِ امْرَأَتِهِ ثُمَّ طَلَّقَهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ يُوَاقِعَهَا عَلَيْهِ كَفَّارَةٌ قَالَ لَاقَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الظِّهَارِ عَلَى الْحُرَّةِ وَ الْأَمَةِ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ قِيلَ فَإِنْ ظَاهَرَ فِي شَعْبَانَ وَ لَمْ يَجِدْ مَا يُعْتِقُ قَالَ يَنْتَظِرُ حَتَّى يَصُومَ شَهْرَ رَمَضَانَ ثُمَّ يَصُومُ شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتَابِعَيْنِ وَ إِنْ ظَاهَرَ وَ هُوَ مُسَافِرٌ انْتَظَرَ حَتَّى يَقْدَمَ فَإِنْ صَامَ فَأَصَابَ مَالًا فَلْيُمْضِ الَّذِي ابْتَدَأَ فِيهِ .

12. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from al-‘Ala’ from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “I once asked one of the two Imam, (abu Ja‘far or abu ‘Abd Allah), ‘Alayhim al-Salam, about the case of a man who forms al-Zihar about his wife five times or more. He (the Imam) said, Tor every time there is expiation.’ He (the narrator) has said, ‘I asked him (the Imam) about a man who forms al- Zihar about his wife, then divorces her before going to bed with her; if there is expiation on him. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, there is no expiation on him.’ He (the narrator) has said, ‘I asked him (the Imam) about al-Zihar of free and a slave-girl. He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, it can happen.’ It was asked, ‘If it takes place in the month of Sha’ban and he cannot find a slave to free.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘He must wait until he completes fasting of the month of Ramadan, then fast for two consecutive months; and if he forms al-Zihar on a journey he must wait until he comes home. If he fasts then finds assets, he continues with what he has started.’”

مُحَمَّدٌ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجْرَانَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ حُمْرَانَ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) عَنِ الْمَمْلُوكِ أَ عَلَيْهِ ظِهَارٌ فَقَالَ عَلَيْهِ نِصْفُ مَا عَلَى الْحُرِّ صَوْمُ شَهْرٍ وَ لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ كَفَّارَةٌ مِنْ صَدَقَةٍ وَ لَا عِتْقٍ .

13. Muhammad ibn Ahmad has narrated from ibn abu Najran from Muhammad ibn Humran who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a slave if there is al-Zihar on him. He (the Imam) said, ‘He owes one-half of what becomes due on free people. He owes only to fast one month and setting free of slaves does not apply to him as well as charity.’”

عَلِيٌّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) عَنْ رَجُلٍ ظَاهَرَ مِنِ امْرَأَتِهِ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ قَالَ يُكَفِّرُ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ وَاقَعَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُكَفِّرَ قَالَ يَسْتَغْفِرُ اللَّهَ وَ يُمْسِكُ حَتَّى يُكَفِّرَ .

14. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘ Umayr from Hammad from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who forms al-Zihar about his wife three times. He (the Imam) said, ‘He must pay expiation three times.’ I then asked about if he goes to bed with her before paying expiation. He (the Imam) said, ‘He must ask forgiveness from Allah and abstain until he pays expiation.’”