Al-Kāfi

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفُضَيْلِ عَنْ أَبِي الصَّبَّاحِ الْكِنَانِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ إِذَا طَلَّقَ الرَّجُلُ امْرَأَتَهُ وَ هِيَ حُبْلَى أَنْفَقَ عَلَيْهَا حَتَّى تَضَعَ حَمْلَهَا وَ إِذَا وَضَعَتْهُ أَعْطَاهَا أَجْرَهَا وَ لَا يُضَارَّهَا إِلَّا أَنْ يَجِدَ مَنْ هُوَ أَرْخَصُ أَجْراً مِنْهَا فَإِنْ هِيَ رَضِيَتْ بِذَلِكَ الْأَجْرِ فَهِيَ أَحَقُّ بِابْنِهَا حَتَّى تَفْطِمَهُ .

2. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn ’Isma‘il has narrated from Muhammad ibn al-Fudayl from abu al-Sabbah al-Kinaniy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has stated this Hadith. ‘When a man divorces his wife, who is pregnant, he must provide her maintenance until she gives birth. When she gives birth he must pay her wages and must not harm her unless he finds someone who does it for less; but if she agrees with the lesser wages then she has more right to breastfeeding her child until the child is weaned.’”

عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْقَاسَانِيِّ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْمِنْقَرِيِّ عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ قَالَ سُئِلَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يُطَلِّقُ امْرَأَتَهُ وَ بَيْنَهُمَا وَلَدٌ أَيُّهُمَا أَحَقُّ بِالْوَلَدِ قَالَ الْمَرْأَةُ أَحَقُّ بِالْوَلَدِ مَا لَمْ تَتَزَوَّجْ .

3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from Ali ibn Muhammad al-Qasaniy from al-Qasim ibn Muhammad from al-Minqariy from those whom he has mentioned who has said the following: “Once, abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), was asked about the case of a man who divorces his wife. They have a child, which one of them has more right for the child? He (the Imam) said, ‘The woman has more right as long as she does not marry.’”

أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الْأَشْعَرِيُّ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنِ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ عَامِرٍ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ الْحُصَيْنِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ وَ الْوالِداتُ يُرْضِعْنَ أَوْلادَهُنَّ قَالَ مَا دَامَ الْوَلَدُ فِي الرَّضَاعِ فَهُوَ بَيْنَ الْأَبَوَيْنِ بِالسَّوِيَّةِ فَإِذَا فُطِمَ فَالْأَبُ أَحَقُّ بِهِ مِنَ الْأُمِّ فَإِذَا مَاتَ الْأَبُ فَالْأُمُّ أَحَقُّ بِهِ مِنَ الْعَصَبَةِفَإِنْ وَجَدَ الْأَبُ مَنْ يُرْضِعُهُ بِأَرْبَعَةِ دَرَاهِمَ وَ قَالَتِ الْأُمُّ لَا أُرْضِعُهُ إِلَّا بِخَمْسَةِ دَرَاهِمَ فَإِنَّ لَهُ أَنْ يَنْزِعَهُ مِنْهَا إِلَّا أَنَّ ذَلِكَ خَيْرٌ لَهُ وَ أَرْفَقُ بِهِ أَنْ يُتْرَكَ مَعَ أُمِّهِ .

4. Abu Ali al-Ash‘ariy has narrated from al-FIassan ibn Ali from al-‘Abbas ibn ‘Amir from Dawud ibn al-Hasin who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Mothers must breastfeed their children’ means that a child during breastfeeding period is between the two parents in equal manners. When the child is weaned then the father has more right about him than the mother. When the father dies then the mother has more right than the relatives. If the father finds a breastfeeding woman who asks four dirham, for example, and the mother says that she will not do for less than five dirham, he can take the child away from her unless she is more kind and better for the child.’”

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ دَاوُدَ الرَّقِّيِّ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) عَنِ امْرَأَةٍ حُرَّةٍ نَكَحَتْ عَبْداً فَأَوْلَدَهَا أَوْلَاداً ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ طَلَّقَهَا فَلَمْ تُقِمْ مَعَ وُلْدِهَا وَ تَزَوَّجَتْ فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ الْعَبْدَ أَنَّهَا تَزَوَّجَتْ أَرَادَ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ وُلْدَهُ مِنْهَا وَ قَالَ أَنَا أَحَقُّ بِهِمْ مِنْكِ إِنْ تَزَوَّجْتِ فَقَالَ لَيْسَ لِلْعَبْدِ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ مِنْهَا وُلْدَهَا وَ إِنْ تَزَوَّجَتْ حَتَّى يُعْتَقَ هِيَ أَحَقُّ بِوُلْدِهَا مِنْهُ مَا دَامَ مَمْلُوكاً فَإِذَا أُعْتِقَ فَهُوَ أَحَقُّ بِهِمْ مِنْهَا .

5. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Mahbub from Dawud al-Raqqiy who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a free woman who has married a slave who has given birth to several children. She is then divorced and then does not stay with her children but marries another man. The slave then finds out about her marriage. He wants to take his children from her saying that he has more right than the mother has since she has married. He (the Imam) said, ‘The slave has no right to take the children from her even if she has married until the slave becomes free; she has more right about her children than the slave as long as he is owned and when he becomes free then he has more right.’”

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ الْمَدَائِنِيِّ عَنْ عَائِذِ بْنِ حَبِيبٍ بَيَّاعِ الْهَرَوِيِّ عَنْ عِيسَى بْنِ زَيْدٍ رَفَعَهُ إِلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ يَثَّغِرُ الْغُلَامُ لِسَبْعِ سِنِينَ وَ يُؤْمَرُ بِالصَّلَاةِ لِتِسْعٍ وَ يُفَرَّقُ بَيْنَهُمْ فِي الْمَضَاجِعِ لِعَشْرٍ وَ يَحْتَلِمُ لِأَرْبَعَ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً وَ مُنْتَهَى طُولِهِ لِاثْنَتَيْنِ وَ عِشْرِينَ سَنَةً وَ مُنْتَهَى عَقْلِهِ لِثَمَانٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ سَنَةً إِلَّا التَّجَارِبَ .

1. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from abu Muhammad al-Mada’iniy from ‘A’idh ibn Habib Bayya’ al-Harawiy from ‘Isa ibn Zayd in a marfu‘ manner who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has stated this Hadith. ‘Children’s milk teeth are replaced in seven years. They must be instructed to perform Salat (prayer) at the age of nine years, their bed must be separated at the age of ten, they experience wet dream at the age of fourteen, their growth in length stops at the age of twenty-two and their growth of reason stops at the age twenty-eight except experiences.’”

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ عُمَرَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ الضَّرِيرِ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ( عليه السلام ) يَشِبُّ الصَّبِيُّ كُلَّ سَنَةٍ أَرْبَعَ أَصَابِعَ بِأَصَابِعِ نَفْسِهِ .

2. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn Ahmad from Musa ibn ‘Umar from Ali ibn al-Husayn (ibn al-Hassan) al- Darir from Hammad ibn ‘Isa who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that ’Amir al-Mu’minin (a.s.), has said, ‘A child grows every year by four fingers of his own fingers.’”

عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ الْغُلَامُ لَا يُلْقِحُ حَتَّى يَتَفَلَّكَ ثَدْيَاهُ وَ تَسْطَعَ رِيحُ إِبْطَيْهِ .

3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from al-Nawfaliy from al-Sakuniy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has narrated from his father (a.s.), who has said, that a boy cannot impregnate until his breast becomes round and the smell of his armpit rises strong.’”

عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى بْنِ عُبَيْدٍ عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ دَعِ ابْنَكَ يَلْعَبُ سَبْعَ سِنِينَ وَ أَلْزِمْهُ نَفْسَكَ سَبْعاً فَإِنْ أَفْلَحَ وَ إِلَّا فَإِنَّهُ مِمَّنْ لَا خَيْرَ فِيهِ .

1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Isa ibn ‘Ubayd from Yunus from a man who has said the following: “Abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Allow your child to play for seven years and keep him with yourself for another seven years (to practice and behave as you do) if he succeeds; otherwise, he is of the ones in whom there is nothing good.’”

عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ عِدَّةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ أَمْهِلْ صَبِيَّكَ حَتَّى يَأْتِيَ لَهُ سِتُّ سِنِينَ ثُمَّ ضُمَّهُ إِلَيْكَ سَبْعَ سِنِينَ فَأَدِّبْهُ بِأَدَبِكَ فَإِنْ قَبِلَ وَ صَلَحَ وَ إِلَّا فَخَلِّ عَنْهُ .

2. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Khalid from A number of our people have narrated from Ali ibn Asbat from Yunus ibn Ya’qub who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has stated this Hadith. ‘You should give your child time until he is six years old, then keep him with yourself (to practice and behave as you do) for another seven years; teach him your disciplines and moral manners, to see if he accepts and is established in good manners; otherwise, leave him alone (there is not much in him to hope for).”’

أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَاصِمِيُّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ عَنْ عَمِّهِ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ الْغُلَامُ يَلْعَبُ سَبْعَ سِنِينَ وَ يَتَعَلَّمُ الْكِتَابَ سَبْعَ سِنِينَ وَ يَتَعَلَّمُ الْحَلَالَ وَ الْحَرَامَ سَبْعَ سِنِينَ .

3. Ahmad ibn Muhammad has narrated from Muhammad al-‘Asemiy from Ali ibn al-Hassan from Ali ibn Asbat from his uncle Ya’qub ibn Salim who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘A boy can play for seven years, learn how to read and write for another seven years and learn the lawful and unlawful matters in another seven years.’”