Al-Kāfi

عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ خَالِدِ بْنِ جَرِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي الرَّبِيعِ الشَّامِيِّ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ حَرَّمَ الْخَمْرَ بِعَيْنِهَا فَقَلِيلُهَا وَ كَثِيرُهَا حَرَامٌ كَمَا حَرَّمَ الْمَيْتَةَ وَ الدَّمَ وَ لَحْمَ الْخِنْزِيرِ وَ حَرَّمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) الشَّرَابَ مِنْ كُلِّ مُسْكِرٍ وَ مَا حَرَّمَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) فَقَدْ حَرَّمَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ .

2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father and Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad all from ibn Mahbub from Khalid ibn Jarir from abu al-Rabi’ al-Shamiy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, has made the very substance of wine unlawful, in a small or large quantity. It is unlawful just as dead animals, blood and pork are unlawful. The Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, made wine unlawful and all intoxicating liquor. Whatever the Messenger of Allah has made unlawful, Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, also has made it unlawful.’”

حُمَيْدُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ الْمِيثَمِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَطَاءِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) كُلُّ مُسْكِرٍ حَرَامٌ وَ كُلُّ مُسْكِرٍ خَمْرٌ.

3. Humayd ibn Ziyad has narrated from has narrated from al-Hassan ibn Muhammad ibn Sama‘ah from Ahmad ibn al-Hassan al- Mithamiy from ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn Zayd ibn Aslam from his father from ‘Ata’ ibn Yasar who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘All intoxicating liquor is unlawful and every intoxicating liquor is wine.’”

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ وَهْبٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) إِنَّ رَجُلًا مِنْ بَنِي عَمِّي وَ هُوَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ صُلَحَاءِ مَوَالِيكَ أَمَرَنِي أَنْ أَسْأَلَكَ عَنِ النَّبِيذِ فَأَصِفَهُ لَكَ فَقَالَ ( عليه السلام ) لَهُ أَنَا أَصِفُهُ لَكَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) كُلُّ مُسْكِرٍ حَرَامٌ فَمَا أَسْكَرَ كَثِيرُهُ فَقَلِيلُهُ حَرَامٌ قَالَ قُلْتُ فَقَلِيلُ الْحَرَامِ يُحِلُّهُ كَثِيرُ الْمَاءِ فَرَدَّ عَلَيْهِ بِكَفِّهِ مَرَّتَيْنِ لَا لَا .

4. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from Mu‘awiyah ibn Wahab who has said the following: “I once said to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), that a man of the virtuous ones among your followers has asked me to ask you about al-Nabidh (wine) so I can describe it for him from you. He (the Imam) said, ‘I describe it for you as the Messenger of Allah has said, ‘Every intoxicating liquor is unlawful and whatever in a large quantity is intoxicating liquor, it in a small amount is unlawful.’ I then asked, ‘Can a large quantity of water make a small quantity of what is unlawful as lawful?’ He (the Imam) then shook his hand like moving back something with the palm of his hand twice, saying, ‘No, no.’”

أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الْأَشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ النُّعْمَانِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَرْوَانَ عَنِ الْفُضَيْلِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ النَّبِيذِ فَقَالَ حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ الْخَمْرَ بِعَيْنِهَا وَ حَرَّمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) مِنَ الْأَشْرِبَةِ كُلَّ مُسْكِرٍ .

5. Abu Ali af-Ash‘ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from Muhammad ibn ’Isma‘il from Ali ibn al-Nu’man from Muhammad ibn Marwan from al-Fudayl ibn Yasar who has said the following: “I once asked abu Ja‘far (a.s.), about al-Nabidh. He (the Imam) said, ‘Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, had made the very substance of wine unlawful and the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has made every intoxicating liquor unlawful.’”

عَنْهُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ كُلَيْبٍ الْأَسَدِيِّ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) عَنِ النَّبِيذِ فَقَالَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) خَطَبَ النَّاسَ فَقَالَ فِي خُطْبَتِهِ أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ أَلَا إِنَّ كُلَّ مُسْكِرٍ حَرَامٌ أَلَا وَ مَا أَسْكَرَ كَثِيرُهُ فَقَلِيلُهُ حَرَامٌ .

6. It is narrated from the narrator of the previous Hadith from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd Jabbar from Safwan ibn Yahya from Kulayb al- Asadiy who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), about al-Nabidh. He (the Imam) said that once the Messenger of Allah addressed the people and said, £ 0 people, all intoxicating liquor is unlawful. You must take notice that whatever in large quantity is intoxicating liquor, it in a small quantity also is unlawful.’”

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ الْجَمَّالِ قَالَ كُنْتُ مُبْتَلًى بِالنَّبِيذِ مُعْجَباً بِهِ فَقُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ أَصِفُ لَكَ النَّبِيذَ قَالَ فَقَالَ لِي بَلْ أَنَا أَصِفُهُ لَكَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) كُلُّ مُسْكِرٍ حَرَامٌ وَ مَا أَسْكَرَ كَثِيرُهُ فَقَلِيلُهُ حَرَامٌ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ هَذَا نَبِيذُ السِّقَايَةِ بِفِنَاءِ الْكَعْبَةِ فَقَالَ لِي لَيْسَ هَكَذَا كَانَتِ السِّقَايَةُ إِنَّمَا السِّقَايَةُ زَمْزَمُأَ فَتَدْرِي مَنْ أَوَّلُ مَنْ غَيَّرَهَا قَالَ قُلْتُ لَا قَالَ الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ كَانَتْ لَهُ حَبَلَةٌ أَ فَتَدْرِي مَا الْحَبَلَةُ قُلْتُ لَا قَالَ الْكَرْمُ فَكَانَ يُنْقِعُ الزَّبِيبَ غُدْوَةً وَ يَشْرَبُونَهُ بِالْعَشِيِّ وَ يُنْقِعُهُ بِالْعَشِيِّ وَ يَشْرَبُونَهُ مِنَ الْغَدِ يُرِيدُ بِهِ أَنْ يَكْسِرَ غِلَظَ الْمَاءِ عَنِ النَّاسِ وَ إِنَّ هَؤُلَاءِ قَدْ تَعَدَّوْا فَلَا تَشْرَبْهُ وَ لَا تَقْرَبْهُ .

7. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from Safwan al-Jammal who has said the following: “I liked al-Nabidh a great deal and I said to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause, I want to describe al-Nabidh before you.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘No, allow me to describe it for you. The Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, “Every intoxicating liquor is unlawful and whatever in large quantity is intoxicating liquor, it in a small quantity is also unlawful.’” I then asked, ‘What is this al-Nabidh for drinking in the courtyard of al-Ka‘bah?’ He (the Imam) said to me, ‘This was not the drinking place. The drinking place is Zamzam. Do you know who first changed it?’ I replied, ‘No’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Al-‘Abbas ibn ‘Abd al-Muttalib had a Habalah. Do you know what a Habalah is?’ I replied, ‘No, I do not know.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It is grapes. He would soak raisins in the morning for them to drink it in the evening and soak it in the evening for them to drink in the morning. It was done to reduce the thickness of water for people but these people have crossed the limits so do not drink or go near it.’”

عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ التَّمْرِ وَ الزَّبِيبِ يُطْبَخَانِ لِلنَّبِيذِ فَقَالَ لَا وَ قَالَ كُلُّ مُسْكِرٍ حَرَامٌ وَ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) كُلُّ مَا أَسْكَرَ كَثِيرُهُ فَقَلِيلُهُ حَرَامٌ وَ قَالَ لَا يَصْلُحُ فِي النَّبِيذِ الْخَمِيرَةُ وَ هِيَ الْعَكَرَةُ .

8. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn abu ‘Abd Allah from ‘Uthman ibn ‘Isa from Sama‘ah who has said the following: “I once asked him (the Imam) (a.s.), if dates and raisins can be cooked for al-Nabidh. He (the Imam) said, ‘No.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘All intoxicating liquor is unlawful and the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, “Whatever in large quantity is intoxicating liquor, it in a small quantity is also unlawful.’” He (the Imam) said, ‘Al-Khamirah (yeast) which is murky is not proper for al-Nabidh.’”

عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ أُذَيْنَةَ عَنِ الْفُضَيْلِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ قَالَ ابْتَدَأَنِي أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) يَوْماً مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ أَسْأَلَهُ فَقَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) كُلُّ مُسْكِرٍ حَرَامٌ قَالَ قُلْتُ أَصْلَحَكَ اللَّهُ كُلُّهُ حَرَامٌ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ الْجُرْعَةُ مِنْهُ حَرَامٌ .

9. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from ‘Umar ibn ‘Udhaynah from al-Fudayl ibn Yasar who has said the following: “One day abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), initiating from himself and without my asking said, ‘The Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, all intoxicating liquor is unlawful.’ I then asked saying, ‘I pray to Allah to keep you well, is all of it unlawful?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, even one sip is unlawful.’”

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ جَمِيعاً عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفُضَيْلِ عَنْ أَبِي الصَّبَّاحِ الْكِنَانِيِّ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ الْخَمْرَةَ قَلِيلَهَا وَ كَثِيرَهَا كَمَا حَرَّمَ الْمَيْتَةَ وَ الدَّمَ وَ لَحْمَ الْخِنْزِيرِ وَ حَرَّمَ النَّبِيُّ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) مِنَ الْأَشْرِبَةِ الْمُسْكِرَ وَ مَا حَرَّمَ النَّبِيُّ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) فَقَدْ حَرَّمَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ قَالَ مَا أَسْكَرَ كَثِيرُهُ فَقَلِيلُهُ حَرَامٌ .

10. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id and Muhammad ibn ’Isma‘il all from Muhammad ibn al-Fudayl from abu al-Sabbah al-Kinaniy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Allah has made wine unlawful, regardless of its being a small or large quantity as He has made dead animals, blood and pork unlawful. The Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, of drinks, has made intoxicating liquor unlawful. Whatever the Messenger of Allah has made unlawful Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, has also made unlawful’, and he (the Imam) said, ‘Whatever in large quantity is intoxicating liquor, it is unlawful in small quantity also.’”

عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْحَجَّاجِ قَالَ اسْتَأْذَنْتُ لِبَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) فَسَأَلَهُ عَنِ النَّبِيذِ فَقَالَ حَلَالٌ فَقَالَ أَصْلَحَكَ اللَّهُ إِنَّمَا سَأَلْتُكَ عَنِ النَّبِيذِ الَّذِي يُجْعَلُ فِيهِ الْعَكَرُ فَيَغْلِي حَتَّى يُسْكِرَ فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) كُلُّ مُسْكِرٍ حَرَامٌفَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ أَصْلَحَكَ اللَّهُ فَإِنَّ مَنْ عِنْدَنَا بِالْعِرَاقِ يَقُولُونَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) إِنَّمَا عَنَى بِذَلِكَ الْقَدَحَ الَّذِي يُسْكِرُ فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) إِنَّ مَا أَسْكَرَ كَثِيرُهُ فَقَلِيلُهُ حَرَامٌ فَقَالَ لَهُ الرَّجُلُ فَأَكْسِرُهُ بِالْمَاءِ فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) لَا وَ مَا لِلْمَاءِ أَنْ يُحَلِّلَ الْحَرَامَ اتَّقِ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ لَا تَشْرَبْهُ .

11. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from ‘ Abd af-Rahman ibn al-Hajj aj who has said the following: “I once asked for permission from abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), for a certain person of our people and he asked him (the Imam) about al-Nabidh. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is lawful.’ He said, ‘I pray to Allah to keep you well, I asked about al-Nabidh which is placed in al-‘Akr (murky) to boil until it becomes intoxicating.’ Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), said that the Messenger of Allah has said, ‘All intoxicating liquor is unlawful.’ He said, ‘I pray to Allah to keep you well, among us in Iraq they say that the Messenger of Allah thereby meant the cup that is intoxicating liquor.’ Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), said, ‘Whatever is intoxicating liquor in large quantity, it is unlawful in small quantity also.’ He (the man) then said, ‘Can I break it (intoxicating effect) with water?’ Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), said, ‘No, how can water make lawful what is unlawful? Have fear of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, and do not drink it.’”