Al-Kāfi

15- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) أَنَّهُ قَالَ تُرَدُّ الْجَارِيَةُ مِنْ أَرْبَعِ خِصَالٍ مِنَ الْجُنُونِ وَالْجُذَامِ وَالْبَرَصِ وَالْقَرَنِ الْحَدَبَةِ إِلا أَنَّهَا تَكُونُ فِي الصَّدْرِ تُدْخِلُ الظَّهْرَ وَتُخْرِجُ الصَّدْرَ.

15. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from ibn Faddal who has said the following: “Abu al-Hassan, al-Rida’ (a.s.), has said, ‘A slave-girl can be returned because of four issues: Madness, leprosy, Bars (leprosy), al-Qarn (something in the vagina that prevents sexual intercourse) and al-Hadbah (convexity) which makes the chest go in and the back come out.’”

16- الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ الْخِيَارُ فِي الْحَيَوَانِ ثَلاثَةُ أَيَّامٍ لِلْمُشْتَرِي وَفِي غَيْرِ الْحَيَوَانِ أَنْ يَتَفَرَّقَا وَأَحْدَاثُ السَّنَةِ تُرَدُّ بَعْدَ السَّنَةِ قُلْتُ وَمَا أَحْدَاثُ السَّنَةِ قَالَ الْجُنُونُ وَالْجُذَامُ وَ الْبَرَصُ وَالْقَرَنُ فَمَنِ اشْتَرَى فَحَدَثَ فِيهِ هَذِهِ الأحْدَاثُ فَالْحُكْمُ أَنْ يَرُدَّ عَلَى صَاحِبِهِ إِلَى تَمَامِ السَّنَةِ مِنْ يَوْمَ اشْتَرَاهُ.

16. Al-Husayn from Muhammad has narrated from Mu’alla’ ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn Asbat who has said the following: “I once heard al-Rida’ (a.s.), saying, ‘The choice to revoke a contract of sale in the case of animals is for three days in favor of the buyer and in non-animal it is as long as they have not departed each other. The happenings of the year are returned after the year.’ I asked, ‘What is happening of the year?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘They are madness and leprosy, Bars (leprosy), and al-Qarn. One who buys and some of these things happen, then the rule is that it is returned to the owner up until the end of the year from the day of purchase.’”

17- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى وَغَيْرُهُ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِي هَمَّامٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ الرِّضَا (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) يَقُولُ يُرَدُّ الْمَمْلُوكُ مِنْ أَحْدَاثِ السَّنَةِ مِنَ الْجُنُونِ وَالْجُذَامِ وَالْبَرَصِ فَقُلْنَا كَيْفَ يُرَدُّ مِنْ أَحْدَاثِ السَّنَةِ قَالَ هَذَا أَوَّلُ السَّنَةِ فَإِذَا اشْتَرَيْتَ مَمْلُوكاً بِهِ شَيْ‏ءٌ مِنْ هَذِهِ الْخِصَالِ مَا بَيْنَكَ وَبَيْنَ ذِي الْحِجَّةِ رَدَدْتَهُ عَلَى صَاحِبِهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ فَالإبَاقُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ قَالَ لَيْسَ الإبَاقُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ إِلا أَنْ يُقِيمَ الْبَيِّنَةَ أَنَّهُ كَانَ أَبَقَ عِنْدَهُ. وَرُوِيَ عَنْ يُونُسَ أَيْضاً أَنَّ الْعُهْدَةَ فِي الْجُنُونِ وَالْجُذَامِ وَالْبَرَصِ سَنَةٌ. وَرَوَى الْوَشَّاءُ أَنَّ الْعُهْدَةَ فِي الْجُنُونِ وَحْدَهُ إِلَى سَنَةٍ.

17. Muhammad ibn Yahya and others have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from abu Hammam who has said the following: “I once heard al-Rida’ (a.s.), saying, ‘Slaves, because of the happenings of the year are returned, such as madness, leprosy and Bars (leprosy).’ We then asked, ‘How is the return because of the happenings of the year?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘This is the beginning of the year. If you buy a slave with any of these things up to the month of Dhu al-Hajjah you can return to the owner.’ Muhammad ibn Ali then asked, ‘Are runaway slaves subject to this condition?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Runaway is not so treated, unless proof is presented that he was a runaway with the owner.’ It is narrated from Yunus also that the time for return in the case of madness, leprosy and Bars (leprosy) is one year. Al- Washsha’ has narrated that time for returning due to madness alone is one year.”

1- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي حَبِيبٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ اشْتَرَى مِنْ رَجُلٍ عَبْداً وَكَانَ عِنْدَهُ عَبْدَانِ فَقَالَ لِلْمُشْتَرِي اذْهَبْ بِهِمَا فَاخْتَرْ أَيَّهُمَا شِئْتَ وَرُدَّ الآخَرَ وَقَدْ قَبَضَ الْمَالَ فَذَهَبَ بِهِمَا الْمُشْتَرِي فَأَبَقَ أَحَدُهُمَا مِنْ عِنْدِهِ قَالَ لِيَرُدَّ الَّذِي عِنْدَهُ مِنْهُمَا وَيَقْبِضُ نِصْفَ الثَّمَنِ مِمَّا أَعْطَى مِنَ الْبَيِّعِ وَيَذْهَبُ فِي طَلَبِ الْغُلامِ فَإِنْ وَجَدَ اخْتَارَ أَيَّهُمَا شَاءَ وَرَدَّ النِّصْفَ الَّذِي أَخَذَ وَإِنْ لَمْ يُوجَدْ كَانَ الْعَبْدُ بَيْنَهُمَا نِصْفُهُ لِلْبَائِعِ وَنِصْفُهُ لِلْمُبْتَاعِ.

1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu Habib from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “I once asked abu Ja‘far (a.s.), about the case of a man who buys a slave from another man who had two slaves and he says to the buyer, Take both of them then choose whichever you like and return the other’ and he has received payment. The buyer takes both of them but one of them runs away from the location of the buyer. He (the Imam) said, ‘He must return the one with him and take half of the price he has paid, then search for the runaway slave. If he finds him he then chooses either one that he likes and returns the other. If he does not find him the slave belongs to both of them in the manner of equal shares.’”

2- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ مَرَّارٍ عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَنْ رِجَالٍ اشْتَرَكُوا فِي أَمَةٍ فَائْتَمَنُوا بَعْضَهُمْ عَلَى أَنْ تَكُونَ الأمَةُ عِنْدَهُ فَوَطِئَهَا قَالَ يُدْرَأُ عَنْهُ مِنَ الْحَدِّ بِقَدْرِ مَا لَهُ فِيهَا مِنَ النَّقْدِ وَيُضْرَبُ بِقَدْرِ مَا لَيْسَ لَهُ فِيهَا وَتُقَوَّمُ الأمَةُ عَلَيْهِ بِقِيمَةٍ وَيُلْزَمُهَا وَإِنْ كَانَتِ الْقِيمَةُ أَقَلَّ مِنَ الثَّمَنِ الَّذِي اشْتُرِيَتْ بِهِ الْجَارِيَةُ أُلْزِمَ ثَمَنَهَا الأوَّلَ وَإِنْ كَانَ قِيمَتُهَا فِي ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ الَّذِي قُوِّمَتْ فِيهِ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ ثَمَنِهَا أُلْزِمَ ذَلِكَ الثَّمَنَ وَهُوَ صَاغِرٌ لأنَّهُ اسْتَفْرَشَهَا قُلْتُ فَإِنْ أَرَادَ بَعْضُ الشُّرَكَاءِ شِرَاءَهَا دُونَ الرَّجُلِ قَالَ ذَلِكَ لَهُ وَلَيْسَ لَهُ أَنْ يَشْتَرِيَهَا حَتَّى يَسْتَبْرِئَهَا وَلَيْسَ عَلَى غَيْرِهِ أَنْ يَشْتَرِيَهَا إِلا بِالْقِيمَةِ.

2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ‘Isma’il ibn Marrar from Yunus from ‘Abd Allah ibn Sinan who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of several men who share a slave-girl who is then entrusted to one of them and he does sexual intercourse with her. He (the Imam) said, ‘His punishment is reduced proportionate to the amount of his share in the ownership of the slave-girl in the form of cash and he is punished proportionate to the amount that does not belong to him. The slave-girl is evaluated for the price that she is worth for. If such price is less than what is paid for her, then what is paid for her is her fair price; but if her price according to the evaluation is more than what is paid for her then this is her fair price and this man is held responsible for his act.’ I then asked, ‘What happens if another one of the shareholders wants to buy her?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It is up to him but he cannot buy her before Istibra’ (quarantine) and no one of them can buy her without payment.’”

3- الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَائِذٍ عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ فِي رَجُلَيْنِ مَمْلُوكَيْنِ مُفَوَّضٍ إِلَيْهِمَا يَشْتَرِيَانِ وَيَبِيعَانِ بِأَمْوَالِهِمَا فَكَانَ بَيْنَهُمَا كَلامٌ فَخَرَجَ هَذَا يَعْدُو إِلَى مَوْلَى هَذَا وَهَذَا إِلَى مَوْلَى هَذَا وَهُمَا فِي الْقُوَّةِ سَوَاءٌ فَاشْتَرَى هَذَا مِنْ مَوْلَى هَذَا الْعَبْدِ وَذَهَبَ هَذَا فَاشْتَرَى مِنْ مَوْلَى هَذَا الْعَبْدِ الآخَرَ وَانْصَرَفَا إِلَى مَكَانِهِمَا وَتَشَبَّثَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا بِصَاحِبِهِ وَقَالَ لَهُ أَنْتَ عَبْدِي قَدِ اشْتَرَيْتُكَ مِنْ سَيِّدِكَ قَالَ يُحْكَمُ بَيْنَهُمَا مِنْ حَيْثُ افْتَرَقَا يُذْرَعُ الطَّرِيقُ فَأَيُّهُمَا كَانَ أَقْرَبَ فَهُوَ الَّذِي سَبَقَ الَّذِي هُوَ أَبْعَدُ وَإِنْ كَانَا سَوَاءً فَهُوَ رَدٌّ عَلَى مَوَالِيهِمَا جَاءَا سَوَاءً وَافْتَرَقَا سَوَاءً إِلا أَنْ يَكُونَ أَحَدُهُمَا سَبَقَ صَاحِبَهُ فَالسَّابِقُ هُوَ لَهُ إِنْ شَاءَ بَاعَ وَإِنْ شَاءَ أَمْسَكَ وَلَيْسَ لَهُ أَنْ يُضِرَّ بِهِ. وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ أُخْرَى إِذَا كَانَتِ الْمَسَافَةُ سَوَاءً يُقْرَعُ بَيْنَهُمَا فَأَيُّهُمَا وَقَعَتِ الْقُرْعَةُ بِهِ كَانَ عَبْدَهُ.

3. Al-Husayn from Muhammad has narrated from Mu’alla’ ibn Muhammad from al-Hassan ibn Ali from Ahmad ibn ‘A’idh from abu Salmah who has said the following: “About the case of two slaves who belong to two people and each is authorized to buy and sell with their properties. The two slaves disagree on something and each one runs to the other’s owner, both of equal physical strength, and buy the other slave from his master. They return to their place each with the claim of buying the other from his master and each says, ‘You are my slave because I have bought you from your master.’ Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘From the place they separate from each other the distance is measured, then whoever was closer is the winner. If the distance is the same then whoever has reached the master of the other faster is the winner. He can then sell the other or keep, as he likes, but he cannot beat him up.’ In another Hadith it is said that if the distance is the same the case is decided by casting raffle to find out who is the winner.’”

1- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) يَقُولُ أُتِيَ رَسُولُ اللهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) بِسَبْيٍ مِنَ الْيَمَنِ فَلَمَّا بَلَغُوا الْجُحْفَةَ نَفِدَتْ نَفَقَاتُهُمْ فَبَاعُوا جَارِيَةً مِنَ السَّبْيِ كَانَتْ أُمُّهَا مَعَهُمْ فَلَمَّا قَدِمُوا عَلَى النَّبِيِّ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) سَمِعَ بُكَاءَهَا فَقَالَ مَا هَذِهِ الْبُكَاءُ فَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ احْتَجْنَا إِلَى نَفَقَةٍ فَبِعْنَا ابْنَتَهَا فَبَعَثَ بِثَمَنِهَا فَأُتِيَ بِهَا وَقَالَ بِيعُوهُمَا جَمِيعاً أَوْ أَمْسِكُوهُمَا جَمِيعاً.

1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn ‘Isma’il has narrated from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Mu‘awiyah ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “I heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), saying, ‘Once captives were brought to the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, from Yemen. When they arrived at al-Juhfah, their supplies depleted and they sold one girl from the captives whose mother was with them. When they came to the Holy Prophet, he heard her crying and he asked, ‘What for is this crying?’ They replied, ‘O Messenger of Allah, our supplies depleted, so we sold her daughter.’ He (the Messenger of Allah) sent what was paid for her and brought her back. He (the Messenger of Allah) said, ‘You must sell them together or keep them together.’”

2- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ أَخَوَيْنِ مَمْلُوكَيْنِ هَلْ يُفَرَّقُ بَيْنَهُمَا وَعَنِ الْمَرْأَةِ وَوَلَدِهَا قَالَ لا هُوَ حَرَامٌ إِلا أَنْ يُرِيدُوا ذَلِكَ.

2. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ‘Uthman ibn ‘Isa from Sama‘ah who has said the following: “I once asked him (the Imam) (a.s.), about the case of two slaves who are brothers; if they can be separated from each other or a woman slave, if she can be separated from her children. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, it is not lawful unless they want it.’”

3- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) أَنَّهُ اشْتُرِيَتْ لَهُ جَارِيَةٌ مِنَ الْكُوفَةِ قَالَ فَذَهَبَ لِتَقُومَ فِي بَعْضِ الْحَاجَةِ فَقَالَتْ يَا أُمَّاهْ فَقَالَ لَهَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) أَلَكِ أُمٌّ قَالَتْ نَعَمْ فَأَمَرَ بِهَا فَرُدَّتْ فَقَالَ مَا آمَنْتُ لَوْ حَبَسْتُهَا أَنْ أَرَى فِي وُلْدِي مَا أَكْرَهُ.

3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn ‘Isma’il has narrated from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan all from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Hisham ibn al-Hakam who has said the following: “I once bought a slave-girl from al-Kufah for abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.). He then went so she can do a certain task. She said, ‘O mother!’ Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), asked, ‘Do you have a mother?’ She replied, ‘Yes, I have a mother.’ He (the Imam) commanded to return her and said, ‘On keeping her I did not feel safe from seeing in my children what I dislike to see.’”

4- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ مُوسَى عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) الْجَارِيَةُ الصَّغِيرَةُ يَشْتَرِيهَا الرَّجُلُ فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَتْ قَدِ اسْتَغْنَتْ عَنْ أَبَوَيْهَا فَلا بَأْسَ.

4. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-‘Abbas ibn Musa from Yunus from ‘Arm ibn abu Nasr who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), if one can buy a small slave-girl. He (the Imam) said, ‘If she is independent of her parents, it is not unlawful.’”