Al-Kāfi

19- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ عَنْ بُرَيْدٍ الْعِجْلِيِّ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَنْ قَوْلِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَأَخَذْنَ مِنْكُمْ مِيثاقاً غَلِيظاً قَالَ الْمِيثَاقُ هِيَ الْكَلِمَةُ الَّتِي عُقِدَ بِهَا النِّكَاحُ وَأَمَّا قَوْلُهُ غَلِيظاً فَهُوَ مَاءُ الرَّجُلِ يُفْضِيهِ إِلَى امْرَأَتِهِ.

19. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Mahbub from abu Ayyub from Burayd al-’Ijliy who has said the following: “I once asked abu Ja‘far (a.s.), about the words of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, ‘. . . We took from you a ghaliz (thick) pledge and oath from you.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘The pledge or oath refers to the term by which marriage is declared and ‘ ghaliz ’ (thick) refers to the liquid that flows from man to woman.’”

20- ابْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَنْ رَجُلٍ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً فَقَالَتْ أَنَا حُبْلَى وَأَنَا أُخْتُكَ مِنَ الرَّضَاعَةِ وَأَنَا عَلَى غَيْرِ عِدَّةٍ قَالَ فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَ دَخَلَ بِهَا وَوَاقَعَهَا فَلا يُصَدِّقْهَا وَإِنْ كَانَ لَمْ يَدْخُلْ بِهَا وَلَمْ يُوَاقِعْهَا فَلْيَخْتَبِرْ وَلْيَسْأَلْ إِذَا لَمْ يَكُنْ عَرَفَهَا قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ.

20. Ibn Mahbub has narrated from Hisham ibn Salim from abu Basir who has said the following: “I once asked abu Ja‘far (a.s.), about the case of a man who marries a woman and who says that she is pregnant and that she is his sister because of breastfeeding and that she has not completed her waiting period. He (the Imam) said, ’If he has gone to bed (engaged in sexual intercourse) with her, he must not accept her words but if he has not done so, he must investigate if he did not know before.’”

21- أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الأشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ النُّعْمَانِ عَنْ سُوَيْدٍ الْقَلاءِ عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) رَجُلٌ أُخِذَ مَعَ امْرَأَةٍ فِي بَيْتٍ فَأَقَرَّ أَنَّهَا امْرَأَتُهُ وَأَقَرَّتْ أَنَّهُ زَوْجُهَا فَقَالَ رُبَّ رَجُلٍ لَوْ أُتِيتُ بِهِ لأجَزْتُ لَهُ ذَلِكَ وَرُبَّ رَجُلٍ لَوْ أُتِيتُ بِهِ لَضَرَبْتُهُ.

21. Abu Ali al-Ash’ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from Muhammad ibn ‘Isma’il from Ali al-Nu’man from Suwayd al-Qala’ from Sama‘ah from abu Basir who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who is found in a house with a woman who confirms that she is his wife and she confirms that he is her husband. He (the Imam) said, ‘In the case of a certain man I can consider it permissible and in the case of a certain man if I find him as such I strike him (dead).”’

22- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ الضَّرِيرِ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ خَطَبَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى قَوْمٍ فَقَالُوا مَا تِجَارَتُكَ فَقَالَ أَبِيعُ الدَّوَابَّ فَزَوَّجُوهُ فَإِذَا هُوَ يَبِيعُ السَّنَانِيرَ فَاخْتَصَمُوا إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فَأَجَازَ نِكَاحَهُ فَقَالَ السَّنَانِيرُ دَوَابُّ.

22. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from certain persons of his people from al-Hassan ibn al-Husayn al-Darir from Hammad ibn ‘Isa who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has narrated from his father who has said, that a man proposed marriage in a family and they asked, ‘What is your business?’ He replied, ‘I sell animals.’ They accepted his proposal and found out that he sells cats, so they took their dispute before ’Amir al- Mu’minin (a.s.), who validated the marriage saying that cats are animals.’”

23- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ نُوحِ بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ رَفَعَهُ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ أَتَى رَجُلٌ مِنَ الأنْصَارِ رَسُولَ اللهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) فَقَالَ هَذِهِ ابْنَةُ عَمِّي وَامْرَأَتِي لا أَعْلَمُ إِلا خَيْراً وَقَدْ أَتَتْنِي بِوَلَدٍ شَدِيدِ السَّوَادِ مُنْتَشِرِ الْمَنْخِرَيْنِ جَعْدٍ قَطَطٍ أَفْطَسِ الأنْفِ لا أَعْرِفُ شِبْهَهُ فِي أَخْوَالِي وَلا فِي أَجْدَادِي فَقَالَ لامْرَأَتِهِ مَا تَقُولِينَ قَالَتْ لا وَالَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ نَبِيّاً مَا أَقْعَدْتُ مَقْعَدَهُ مِنِّي مُنْذُ مَلَكَنِي أَحَداً غَيْرَهُ قَالَ فَنَكَسَ رَسُولُ اللهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) بِرَأْسِهِ مَلِيّاً ثُمَّ رَفَعَ بَصَرَهُ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ عَلَى الرَّجُلِ فَقَالَ يَا هَذَا إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ مِنْ أَحَدٍ إِلا بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ آدَمَ تِسْعَةٌ وَتِسْعُونَ عِرْقاً كُلُّهَا تَضْرِبُ فِي النَّسَبِ فَإِذَا وَقَعَتِ النُّطْفَةُ فِي الرَّحِمِ اضْطَرَبَتْ تِلْكَ الْعُرُوقُ تَسْأَلُ اللهَ الشُّبْهَةَ لَهَا فَهَذَا مِنْ تِلْكَ الْعُرُوقِ الَّتِي لَمْ يُدْرِكْهَا أَجْدَادُكَ وَلا أَجْدَادُ أَجْدَادِكَ خُذْ إِلَيْكَ ابْنَكَ فَقَالَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ فَرَّجْتَ عَنِّي يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ.

23. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Nuh ibn Shu’ayb in a marfu’ manner from ‘Abd Allah ibn Sinan from certain persons of his people who has said the following: “Once a man from al-Ansar (people of al-Madinah) came to the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, and said, ‘This is my wife and daughter of my uncle. I do not know anything about her except good but she has given birth to a very dark skin child, with wide nostrils, curly hairs and pointed nose. I do not find anyone like him among my maternal uncles or ancestors. He (the Messenger of Allah) asked the woman, ‘What do you say?’ She said, ‘No, by the One who has sent you in all truth as a prophet that I have never allowed anyone other than him to sit with me as he does.’ He (the Imam) said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, bent down his head for a while and raised his head to the sky; then turned to the man and said, ‘O you, take notice that between everyone and Adam there are ninety-nine veins all of which strike in lineage. When the seed falls in the womb those veins surge and ask Allah for resemblance to it. So this is from those veins which your ancestors did not get. Take your child with you.’ The woman said, ‘Thank you, O Messenger of Allah for providing me such a great relief.’”

24- أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الأشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ مُوسَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ قَالَ كَتَبْتُ إِلَيْهِ أَنَّ رَجُلا خَطَبَ إِلَى عَمٍّ لَهُ ابْنَتَهُ فَأَمَرَ بَعْضَ إِخْوَانِهِ أَنْ يُزَوِّجَهُ ابْنَتَهُ الَّتِي خَطَبَهَا وَإِنَّ الرَّجُلَ أَخْطَأَ بِاسْمِ الْجَارِيَةِ فَسَمَّاهَا بِغَيْرِ اسْمِهَا وَكَانَ اسْمُهَا فَاطِمَةَ فَسَمَّاهَا بِغَيْرِ اسْمِهَا وَلَيْسَ لِلرَّجُلِ ابْنَةٌ بِاسْمِ الَّتِي ذَكَرَهَا الزَّوْجُ فَوَقَّعَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) لا بَأْسَ بِهِ.

24. Abu Ali al-Ash’ariy has narrated from ‘Imran ibn Musa from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Hamid from Muhammad ibn Shu’ayb who has said the following: “I once wrote to him (the Imam) (a.s.), about the case of a man who proposed marriage to the daughter of his uncle who instructed a certain one of his brothers to give his daughter in marriage to him and she is the one for whom he has proposed. The man by mistake gives her a different name and no one of that name exists in the family. Her name was Fatimah but he gives her a different name. He (the Imam) signed the answer which said, ‘It is not harmful/”

25- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ الْخَزْرَجِ أَنَّهُ كَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ رَجُلٌ خَطَبَ إِلَى رَجُلٍ فَطَالَتْ بِهِ الأيَّامُ وَالشُّهُورُ وَالسِّنُونَ فَذَهَبَ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَكُونَ قَالَ لَهُ أَفْعَلُ أَوْ قَدْ فَعَلَ فَأَجَابَ فِيهِ لا يَجِبُ عَلَيْهِ إِلا مَا عَقَدَ عَلَيْهِ قَلْبَهُ وَثَبَتَتْ عَلَيْهِ عَزِيمَتُهُ.

25. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ‘Abd Allah ibn al-Khazraj who has said the following: “A man once wrote to him (the Imam) (a.s.), and asked him (the Imam) about his marriage proposal which had taken place many years, months and days ago and he is not certain if he asked to declare the terms of marriage or it was already declared. He (the Imam) answered him on the issue, ‘It is not obligatory for him to do anything other than what his heart is tied down with and about which his decision is established.’”

26- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَعَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْقَاسَانِيِّ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ دَاوُدَ عَنْ عِيسَى بْنِ يُونُسَ عَنِ الأوْزَاعِيِّ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ (عَلَيْهِما السَّلام) فِي رَجُلٍ ادَّعَى عَلَى امْرَأَةٍ أَنَّهُ تَزَوَّجَهَا بِوَلِيٍّ وَشُهُودٍ وَأَنْكَرَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ ذَلِكَ فَأَقَامَتْ أُخْتُ هَذِهِ الْمَرْأَةِ عَلَى هَذَا الرَّجُلِ الْبَيِّنَةَ أَنَّهُ قَدْ تَزَوَّجَهَا بِوَلِيٍّ وَشُهُودٍ وَلَمْ يُوَقِّتَا وَقْتاً فَكَتَبَ أَنَّ الْبَيِّنَةَ بَيِّنَةُ الرَّجُلِ وَلا تُقْبَلُ بَيِّنَةُ الْمَرْأَةِ لأنَّ الزَّوْجَ قَدِ اسْتَحَقَّ بُضْعَ هَذِهِ الْمَرْأَةِ وَتُرِيدُ أُخْتُهَا فَسَادَ النِّكَاحِ وَلا تُصَدَّقُ وَلا تُقْبَلُ بَيِّنَتُهَا إِلا بِوَقْتٍ قَبْلَ وَقْتِهَا أَوْ بِدُخُولٍ بِهَا.

26. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from and Muhammad ibn Ali from Muhammad al-Qasaniy from al-Qasim ibn Muhammad from Sulayman ibn Dawud, ‘Isa ibn Yunus from al-Awza’iy from al-Zuhriy who has said the following: “About the case of a man who claims to have married a woman in the presence of witnesses and her guardian but she denies it and the sister of this woman presents testimony that the man has married her in the presence of witnesses and her guardian but she does not prove the time of marriage. Ali ibn al-Husayn (a.s.), issued a judgment in this case that said, ‘The testimony of the man is admitted and accepted and the testimony of the woman is not accepted because the husband is entitled to claim his conjugal right and her sister wants to destroy such right so she must not be taken as truthful and her testimony is unacceptable without specifying the time before her time or proof of consummation of marriage (the couple’s going to bed).”’

27- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بْنِ الْمُهْتَدِي قَالَ سَأَلْتُ الرِّضَا (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ إِنَّ أَخِي مَاتَ وَتَزَوَّجْتُ امْرَأَتَهُ فَجَاءَ عَمِّي فَادَّعَى أَنَّهُ قَدْ كَانَ تَزَوَّجَهَا سِرّاً فَسَأَلْتُهَا عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَأَنْكَرَتْ أَشَدَّ الإنْكَارِ وَقَالَتْ مَا كَانَ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَهُ شَيْ‏ءٌ قَطُّ فَقَالَ يَلْزَمُكَ إِقْرَارُهَا وَيَلْزَمُهُ إِنْكَارُهَا.

27. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ‘Abd al-‘Aziz ibn al-Muhtadiy who has said the following: “I once asked al-Rida’ (a.s.), saying, ‘I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause, my brother died and I married his widow and my paternal uncle came saying that he had married her secretly. I asked her about it but she denied it vehemently saying, ‘There has never been such a thing between us.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Her confirming makes it obligatory on you to accept her words and her denial makes it obligatory on him to accept her denial.’”

28- عَلِيٌّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ عَنِ الْمَشْرِقِيِّ عَنِ الرِّضَا (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قُلْتُ لَهُ مَا تَقُولُ فِي رَجُلٍ ادَّعَى أَنَّهُ خَطَبَ امْرَأَةً إِلَى نَفْسِهَا وَهِيَ مَازِحَةٌ فَسُئِلَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَتْ نَعَمْ فَقَالَ لَيْسَ بِشَيْ‏ءٍ قُلْتُ فَيَحِلُّ لِلرَّجُلِ أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَهَا قَالَ نَعَمْ.

28. Ali has narrated from his father from ibn abu Nasr from al-Mashriqiy who has said the following: “I once asked al-Rida’ (a.s.), about the case of a man who proposes marriage to a woman who is playful and joking about it. He asks the woman about it and she says, ‘Yes.’ He (the Imam) ‘Alayhi al-Salam, said, ‘It does not mean anything valid.’ I then asked, ‘Can one marry her?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, he can do so.’”