Al-Kāfi

2ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ وَالْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ بُرَيْدِ بْنِ مُعَاوِيَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ إِذَا غَابَتِ الْحُمْرَةُ مِنْ هَذَا الْجَانِبِ يَعْنِي مِنَ الْمَشْرِقِ فَقَدْ غَابَتِ الشَّمْسُ مِنْ شَرْقِ الأرْضِ وَغَرْبِهَا.

2. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Khalid and al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from al-Qasim ibn al-‘Urwah from Burayd ibn Mu‘awiyah who has said the following: “Abu Ja’far (a.s.), ‘When the redness disappears from this side, that is, from the east, it is proof that it is sunset in the east and west.’”

3ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبِي وَلاَّدٍ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) إِنَّ الله خَلَقَ حِجَاباً مِنْ ظُلْمَةٍ مِمَّا يَلِي الْمَشْرِقَ وَوَكَّلَ بِهِ مَلَكاً فَإِذَا غَابَتِ الشَّمْسُ اغْتَرَفَ ذَلِكَ الْمَلَكُ غُرْفَةً بِيَدِهِ ثُمَّ اسْتَقْبَلَ بِهَا الْمَغْرِبَ يَتْبَعُ الشَّفَقَ وَيُخْرِجُ مِنْ بَيْنِ يَدَيْهِ قَلِيلاً قَلِيلاً وَيَمْضِي فَيُوَافِي الْمَغْرِبَ عِنْدَ سُقُوطِ الشَّفَقِ فَيُسَرِّحُ [فِي الظُّلْمَةِ] الظُّلْمَةَ ثُمَّ يَعُودُ إِلَى الْمَشْرِقِ فَإِذَا طَلَعَ الْفَجْرُ نَشَرَ جَنَاحَيْهِ فَاسْتَاقَ الظُّلْمَةَ مِنَ الْمَشْرِقِ إِلَى الْمَغْرِبِ حَتَّى يُوَافِيَ بِهَا الْمَغْرِبَ عِنْدَ طُلُوعِ الشَّمْسِ.

3. Ali ibn Muhammad and Muhammad ibn al-Hassan from Sahl ibn Ziyad from ibn Mahbub from abu Wallad Who has said the following: "Abu ’Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Allah has created a barrier of darkness from near the east and has appointed for it an angel. When it is sunset, that angel fills up his hand with it, then faces toward the west, following the brightness and it moves out of his two hands little by little. He passes by until he comes to the west at the time of the disappearance of brightness; then he leaves darkness into darkness, then he returns to the east and, when it is dawn, he spreads his wings and drives the darkness from the east toward the west until he comes in the west at sunrise.’"

4ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ وَقْتُ سُقُوطِ الْقُرْصِ وَوُجُوبِ الإِفْطَارِ أَنْ تَقُومَ بِحِذَاءِ الْقِبْلَةِ وَتَتَفَقَّدَ الْحُمْرَةَ الَّتِي تَرْتَفِعُ مِنَ الْمَشْرِقِ فَإِذَا جَازَتْ قِمَّةَ الرَّأْسِ إِلَى نَاحِيَةِ الْمَغْرِبِ فَقَدْ وَجَبَ الإِفْطَارُ وَسَقَطَ الْقُرْصُ.

4. Ali ibn Muhammad has narrated from Sahl Ziyad from Muhammad ibn Isa from ibn abu ’Umayr from those whom he has mentioned who has said the following: "Abu ’Abd Allah has said, ‘The disappearance of the disk (the sun), the necessary time to discontinue fasting is when facing its direction and the disappearance of the redness that rise from the east upon its reaching overhead toward the west at such time fasting is discontinued; the (disappearance of the disk (sunset) has taken place.’”

5ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) وَقْتُ الْمَغْرِبِ إِذَا غَابَ الْقُرْصُ فَإِنْ رَأَيْتَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ وَقَدْ صَلَّيْتَ فَأَعِدِ الصَّلاَةَ وَمَضَى صَوْمُكَ وَتَكُفُّ عَنِ الطَّعَامِ إِنْ كُنْتَ أَصَبْتَ مِنْهُ شَيْئاً.

5- Ali ibn Ibrahim, from his father, from Hammād ibn 'Isa, from Harīz, from Zurārah, said: Abu Ja'far al-Baqir (as) said: "The time for Maghrib is when the disc (of the sun) has disappeared. If you see (the sun) after that and you have prayed, then repeat the prayer, and your fast remains valid. You should refrain from food if you have eaten anything."

6ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ خَلِيفَةَ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) إِنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ حَنْظَلَةَ أَتَانَا عَنْكَ بِوَقْتٍ قَالَ فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) إِذاً لاَ يَكْذِبُ عَلَيْنَا قُلْتُ قَالَ وَقْتُ الْمَغْرِبِ إِذَا غَابَ الْقُرْصُ إِلاَّ أَنَّ رَسُولَ الله (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) كَانَ إِذَا جَدَّ بِهِ السَّيْرُ أَخَّرَ الْمَغْرِبَ وَيَجْمَعُ بَيْنَهَا وَبَيْنَ الْعِشَاءِ فَقَالَ صَدَقَ وَقَالَ وَقْتُ الْعِشَاءِ حِينَ يَغِيبُ الشَّفَقُ إِلَى ثُلُثِ اللَّيْلِ وَوَقْتُ الْفَجْرِ حِينَ يَبْدُو حَتَّى يُضِي‏ءَ.

6. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from Muhammad ibn Isa from Yunus from Yazid ibn Khalifah who has the following “I once said to abu ’Abd Allah (a.s.), that ’Umar ibn Hanzalah has reported something from you about the timing. Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), said, ‘Rest assured, he does not forge untrue reports from us.’ I said that he has said, ’It is the time of sunset when the disk disappears (sunset takes place) except that the Messenger of Allah when tired on a journey delayed al-Maghrib and performed both of them together with al-‘Isha’ He (the Imam) said, ‘He has spoken the truth.’ He (the Imam) said that the time of al-‘Isha’ is from when brightness disappears, up to one-third of the night and the time for dawn Salah (prayer) is from when it is clear up till the rays come out.’”

7ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ وَقْتُ الْمَغْرِبِ إِذَا غَرَبَتِ الشَّمْسُ فَغَابَ قُرْصُهَا.

7. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from al-Nadr ibn Suwayd from ‘Abd Allah ibn Sinan who has said the following: “I once heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), say, ‘It is time for al-Maghrib Salah (prayer) when it is sunset and its (sun’s) disc disappears.’”

8ـ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الأشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ عَامِرٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ زَيْدٍ الشَّحَّامِ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) عَنْ وَقْتِ الْمَغْرِبِ فَقَالَ إِنَّ جَبْرَئِيلَ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) أَتَى النَّبِيَّ (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) لِكُلِّ صَلاَةٍ بِوَقْتَيْنِ غَيْرَ صَلاَةِ الْمَغْرِبِ فَإِنَّ وَقْتَهَا وَاحِدٌ وَوَقْتَهَا وُجُوبُهَا.

8. Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad al-Ash’ariy has narrated from ‘Abd Allah ibn ‘Amir from Ali ibn Mahziyar from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Hariz from Zayd al-Shahham who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the time of al-Maghrib. He (the Imam) said that Jibril brought to the Holy prophet, two timings for every Salah (prayer) except al-Maghrib Salah (prayer). The time for al-Maghrib is when it becomes obligatory.’”

9ـ وَرَوَاهُ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ وَالْفُضَيْلِ قَالاَ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) إِنَّ لِكُلِّ صَلاَةٍ وَقْتَيْنِ غَيْرَ الْمَغْرِبِ فَإِنَّ وَقْتَهَا وَاحِدٌ وَوَقْتَهَا وُجُوبُهَا وَوَقْتَ فَوْتِهَا سُقُوطُ الشَّفَقِ. وَرُوِيَ أَيْضاً أَنَّ لَهَا وَقْتَيْنِ آخِرُ وَقْتِهَا سُقُوطُ الشَّفَقِ. وَلَيْسَ هَذَا مِمَّا يُخَالِفُ الْحَدِيثَ الأوَّلَ إِنَّ لَهَا وَقْتاً وَاحِداً لأَنَّ الشَّفَقَ هُوَ الْحُمْرَةُ وَلَيْسَ بَيْنَ غَيْبُوبَةِ الشَّمْسِ وَبَيْنَ غَيْبُوبَةِ الشَّفَقِ إِلاَّ شَيْ‏ءٌ يَسِيرٌ وَذَلِكَ أَنَّ عَلاَمَةَ غَيْبُوبَةِ الشَّمْسِ بُلُوغُ الْحُمْرَةِ الْقِبْلَةَ وَلَيْسَ بَيْنَ بُلُوغِ الْحُمْرَةِ الْقِبْلَةَ وَبَيْنَ غَيْبُوبَتِهَا إِلاَّ قَدْرُ مَا يُصَلِّي الإِنْسَانُ صَلاَةَ الْمَغْرِبِ وَنَوَافِلَهَا إِذَا صَلاَّهَا عَلَى تُؤَدَةٍ وَسُكُونٍ وَقَدْ تَفَقَّدْتُ ذَلِكَ غَيْرَ مَرَّةٍ وَلِذَلِكَ صَارَ وَقْتُ الْمَغْرِبِ ضَيِّقاً.

9. He has narrated it from Zurarah and al-Fudayl who have said the following: “Abu Ja’far (a.s.), has said, ‘For every Salah (prayer) there are two timings except al- Maghrib; its timing is one and it is the time when it becomes obligatory. It ends with the disappearance of al-Shafaq (redness in the west).”’ “It is also narrated that there are two timings for al-Maghrib and it ends with the disappearance of al- Shafaq (redness). It does not disagree with the previous Hadith that says it has one time; because al- Shafaq is the redness. The time between sunset and disappearance of al-Shafaq is not very long. The sign of sunset is when redness reaches past one’s overhead when facing the direction of sunset, and it is a short time. The time between the reaching of the redness in the western horizon and its disappearance is not more than a time that takes one to complete al-Maghrib Salah (prayer) and its Nawafil (optional) Salah (prayer), if they are performed comfortably. I have examined it many times and for this reason the timing for al-Maghrib is narrow.”

10ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ قَالَ سَأَلَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَسْبَاطٍ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) وَنَحْنُ نَسْمَعُ الشَّفَقُ الْحُمْرَةُ أَوِ الْبَيَاضُ فَقَالَ الْحُمْرَةُ لَوْ كَانَ الْبَيَاضُ كَانَ إِلَى ثُلُثِ اللَّيْلِ.

10. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from ibn Faddal who has said the following: “Ali ibn Asbat once asked abu al-Hassan (a.s.), when we were listening, about the brightness if it is redness or whiteness. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is the redness; in the case of the condition of whiteness, it (virtuous time for al-Maghrib) remains up to one third of the night.’”

11ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْحَجَّالِ عَنْ ثَعْلَبَةَ بْنِ مَيْمُونٍ عَنْ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْحَلَبِيِّ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) مَتَى تَجِبُ الْعَتَمَةُ قَالَ إِذَا غَابَ الشَّفَقُ وَالشَّفَقُ الْحُمْرَةُ فَقَالَ عُبَيْدُ الله أَصْلَحَكَ الله إِنَّهُ يَبْقَى بَعْدَ ذَهَابِ الْحُمْرَةِ ضَوْءٌ شَدِيدٌ مُعْتَرِضٌ فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) إِنَّ الشَّفَقَ إِنَّمَا هُوَ الْحُمْرَةُ وَلَيْسَ الضَّوْءُ مِنَ الشَّفَقِ.

11. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ‘Abd Allah ibn Muhammad al-Hajjal from Tha’labah ibn Maymun from ‘Imran ibn Ali al-Halabiy who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about when al-‘Atmah (al-‘Isha’) becomes obligatory? He (the Imam) said, ‘When al-Shafaq (redness) disappears. Al-Shafaq is the redness.’ ‘Ubayd Allah then said, ‘I pray to Allah to keep you well, after the disappearance of redness there remains a strong light visible.’ Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), said, ‘Brightness (al-Shafaq) is the redness and light (or rays) are not from al-Shafaq.’”