The Book of Belief and Disbelief
Quickness of Punishment for Sins
1ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ حَمْزَةَ بْنِ حُمْرَانَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) قَالَ إِنَّ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ إِذَا كَانَ مِنْ أَمْرِهِ أَنْ يُكْرِمَ عَبْداً وَلَهُ ذَنْبٌ ابْتَلاهُ بِالسُّقْمِ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَفْعَلْ ذَلِكَ لَهُ ابْتَلاهُ بِالْحَاجَةِ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَفْعَلْ بِهِ ذَلِكَ شَدَّدَ عَلَيْهِ الْمَوْتَ لِيُكَافِيَهُ بِذَلِكَ الذَّنْبِ قَالَ وَإِذَا كَانَ مِنْ أَمْرِهِ أَنْ يُهِينَ عَبْداً وَلَهُ عِنْدَهُ حَسَنَةٌ صَحَّحَ بَدَنَهُ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَفْعَلْ بِهِ ذَلِكَ وَسَّعَ عَلَيْهِ فِي رِزْقِهِ فَإِنْ هُوَ لَمْ يَفْعَلْ ذَلِكَ بِهِ هَوَّنَ عَلَيْهِ الْمَوْتَ لِيُكَافِيَهُ بِتِلْكَ الْحَسَنَةِ.
1. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from al-Hassan ibn Mahbub from ‘Abd Allah ibn Sinan from Hamza ibn Humran from his father from abu Ja’far (a.s.) who has said the following: “Of the decision of Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, in the affairs of a servant whom He honors and who has a sin, is that Allah causes him to suffer certain illnesses. If He does not do this He causes him to become needy, if He does not do this He causes death to become very difficult for him to compensate from him for the sin. ’ “The Imam said, ‘Also of the decision of Allah, in the case of a person who is insignificant to Him, but he has good deeds before Allah, is that He grants him good health. If He does not do this. He expands the means of living for him and if He does not do this to him also He causes death to become easy for him to match his good deed.’”
2ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنِ الْحَكَمِ بْنِ عُتَيْبَةَ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) إِنَّ الْعَبْدَ إِذَا كَثُرَتْ ذُنُوبُهُ وَلَمْ يَكُنْ عِنْدَهُ مِنَ الْعَمَلِ مَا يُكَفِّرُهَا ابْتَلاهُ بِالْحُزْنِ لِيُكَفِّرَهَا.
2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Isma’il ibn Ibrahim from Hakam ibn ‘Utaybah who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) has said, ‘When the sins of a servant (of Allah) increase and he does not have enough good deeds to expiate them, Allah causes him to suffer sadness and depression.’”
3ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الأشْعَرِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ الْقَدَّاحِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ الله (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وآلِه) قَالَ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَعِزَّتِي وَجَلالِي لا أُخْرِجُ عَبْداً مِنَ الدُّنْيَا وَأَنَا أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَرْحَمَهُ حَتَّى أَسْتَوْفِيَ مِنْهُ كُلَّ خَطِيئَةٍ عَمِلَهَا إِمَّا بِسُقْمٍ فِي جَسَدِهِ وَإِمَّا بِضِيقٍ فِي رِزْقِهِ وَإِمَّا بِخَوْفٍ فِي دُنْيَاهُ فَإِنْ بَقِيَتْ عَلَيْهِ بَقِيَّةٌ شَدَّدْتُ عَلَيْهِ عِنْدَ الْمَوْتِ وَعِزَّتِي وَجَلالِي لا أُخْرِجُ عَبْداً مِنَ الدُّنْيَا وَأَنَا أُرِيدُ أَنْ أُعَذِّبَهُ حَتَّى أُوَفِّيَهُ كُلَّ حَسَنَةٍ عَمِلَهَا إِمَّا بِسَعَةٍ فِي رِزْقِهِ وَإِمَّا بِصِحَّةٍ فِي جِسْمِهِ وَإِمَّا بِأَمْنٍ فِي دُنْيَاهُ فَإِنْ بَقِيَتْ عَلَيْهِ بَقِيَّةٌ هَوَّنْتُ عَلَيْهِ بِهَا الْمَوْتَ.
3. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ja’far ibn Muhammad al-Ash’ari from ibn al-Qaddah from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “The Messenger of Allah has said that Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, has said, ‘I swear by My Majesty and Glory, I will not take out of this world a servant whom I want to receive mercy until I will compensate from him for all the sins that he has committed. (I will do so) by causing illness in his body, constraint in the means of his living or fear for his worldly affairs. If anything is left to offset this I will cause his death to be a severe suffering.’ “I swear by My Majesty and Glory that I will not take out of this world a servant whom I want to be punished until I will fully compensate him for his good deeds in this world. This I will do either by expanding the means of his living, granting him good health in his body or by grating him peace in this world and if anything will be left without compensation I will cause his death to take place with ease.’”
4ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ تَغْلِبَ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) إِنَّ الْمُؤْمِنَ لَيُهَوَّلُ عَلَيْهِ فِي نَوْمِهِ فَيُغْفَرُ لَهُ ذُنُوبُهُ وَإِنَّهُ لَيُمْتَهَنُ فِي بَدَنِهِ فَيُغْفَرُ لَهُ ذُنُوبُهُ.
4. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Khalid from ibn Mahbub from Hisham ibn Salim from Aban ibn Taghlib who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) has said, ‘A believer may suffer a nightmare so his sins are forgiven or is bodily humiliated so his sins are forgiven.’”
5ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنِ السَّرِيِّ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) قَالَ إِذَا أَرَادَ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ بِعَبْدٍ خَيْراً عَجَّلَ لَهُ عُقُوبَتَهُ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَإِذَا أَرَادَ بِعَبْدٍ سُوءاً أَمْسَكَ عَلَيْهِ ذُنُوبَهُ حَتَّى يُوَافِيَ بِهَا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ.
5. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from al-Sariy ibn Khalid from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “When Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, wants good for a servant He hastens his punishment in this world. When He wants evil for a servant He preserves his sins for him to find their consequences on the Day of Judgment.”
6ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ شَمُّونٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ مِسْمَعِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) فِي قَوْلِ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَما أَصابَكُمْ مِنْ مُصِيبَةٍ فَبِما كَسَبَتْ أَيْدِيكُمْ وَيَعْفُوا عَنْ كَثِيرٍ لَيْسَ مِنِ الْتِوَاءِ عِرْقٍ وَلا نَكْبَةِ حَجَرٍ وَلا عَثْرَةِ قَدَمٍ وَلا خَدْشِ عُودٍ إِلا بِذَنْبٍ وَلَمَا يَعْفُو الله أَكْثَرُ فَمَنْ عَجَّلَ الله عُقُوبَةَ ذَنْبِهِ فِي الدُّنْيَا فَإِنَّ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ أَجَلُّ وَأَكْرَمُ وَأَعْظَمُ مِنْ أَنْ يَعُودَ فِي عُقُوبَتِهِ فِي الآخِرَةِ.
6. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Muhammad ibn al-Hassan ibn Shammun from ‘Abd Allah ibn ‘Abd al-Rahman from Misma’ ibn ‘Abd al-Malik from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “Amir al-Mu’minin, Ali ibn abu Talib (a.s.) about the words of Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, ‘Whatever hardship befalls you is the result of your own deeds. Allah pardons many of your sins,’ (42:30) has said, ‘The spraining of one’s muscles, bumping over a stone, the slip of foot or being bruised by a piece of wood is all because of sins and what Allah forgives is much more. In the matters of whoever faces quick suffering for sins in this world, Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, is by far more Honorable and Great and will not allow a repeat of his suffering in the next life.”’
7ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ مُوسَى الْوَرَّاقِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ الأحْمَسِيِّ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ الله (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وآلِه) مَا يَزَالُ الْهَمُّ وَالْغَمُّ بِالْمُؤْمِنِ حَتَّى مَا يَدَعُ لَهُ ذَنْباً.
7. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from al-‘Abbas ibn Musa al-Warraq from Ali al-Ahmasi from a man from abu Ja’far (a.s.) who has said the following: “The Messenger of Allah has said, ‘Anxiety and sadness continue to trouble a believer until no sin is left in him.’”
8ـ عَنْهُ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَعَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ بَهْرَامَ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ جُمَيْعٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) يَقُولُ إِنَّ الْعَبْدَ الْمُؤْمِنَ لَيَهْتَمُّ فِي الدُّنْيَا حَتَّى يَخْرُجَ مِنْهَا وَلا ذَنْبَ عَلَيْهِ.
8. It is narrated from him (narrator of the Hadith above) from Ahmad ibn Muhammad and Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father all from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from al-Harith ibn Bahram from ‘Amr ibn Jumay’ who has said the following: “I heard Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) saying, ‘A believer continues facing anxiety and sadness in this world until he leaves it with no sins in him.’”
9ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ الأحْمَسِيِّ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) قَالَ لا يَزَالُ الْهَمُّ وَالْغَمُّ بِالْمُؤْمِنِ حَتَّى مَا يَدَعُ لَهُ مِنْ ذَنْبٍ.
9. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Ali al- Ahmasi from a man from abu Ja’far (a.s.) who has said the following: “Abu Ja’far (a.s.) has said, ‘A believer continues facing anxiety and sadness until no sin is left in him.’”
10ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ وَهْبٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ الله (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وآلِه) قَالَ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ مَا مِنْ عَبْدٍ أُرِيدُ أَنْ أُدْخِلَهُ الْجَنَّةَ إِلا ابْتَلَيْتُهُ فِي جَسَدِهِ فَإِنْ كَانَ ذَلِكَ كَفَّارَةً لِذُنُوبِهِ وَإِلا شَدَّدْتُ عَلَيْهِ عِنْدَ مَوْتِهِ حَتَّى يَأْتِيَنِي وَلا ذَنْبَ لَهُ ثُمَّ أُدْخِلُهُ الْجَنَّةَ وَمَا مِنْ عَبْدٍ أُرِيدُ أَنْ أُدْخِلَهُ النَّارَ إِلا صَحَّحْتُ لَهُ جِسْمَهُ فَإِنْ كَانَ ذَلِكَ تَمَاماً لِطَلِبَتِهِ عِنْدِي وَإِلا آمَنْتُ خَوْفَهُ مِنْ سُلْطَانِهِ فَإِنْ كَانَ ذَلِكَ تَمَاماً لِطَلِبَتِهِ عِنْدِي وَإِلا وَسَّعْتُ عَلَيْهِ فِي رِزْقِهِ فَإِنْ كَانَ ذَلِكَ تَمَاماً لِطَلِبَتِهِ عِنْدِي وَإِلا هَوَّنْتُ عَلَيْهِ مَوْتَهُ حَتَّى يَأْتِيَنِي وَلا حَسَنَةَ لَهُ عِنْدِي ثُمَّ أُدْخِلُهُ النَّارَ.
10. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from Mu’awiyah ibn Wahab from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “The Messenger of Allah has said, ‘Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, has said, “Any servant whom I want to admit in paradise I cause bodily suffering to expiate for his sins, if this would not be enough I then cause dying to become a severe suffering until he comes before Me without any sins, then I admit him in paradise. “Any servant whom I want to go in fire, I grant him health in his body. If this completes compensation to him I then call him to My presence, otherwise, I grant him security from the rulers. If this completes compensation to him I then call him in My presence, otherwise, I expand the means for his living. If this completes compensation to him I then call him in My presence, otherwise, I make dying easy for him so he comes in My presence without any good deeds before Me, then I send him in fire.’”
