Thawāb al-Aʿmāl wa ʿiqāb al-Aʿmāl

وَ بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِیَّاکُمْ وَ أَبْوَابَ السُّلْطَانِ وَ حَوَاشِیَهَا فَإِنَّ أَقْرَبَکُمْ مِنْ أَبْوَابِ السُّلْطَانِ وَ حَوَاشِیهَا أَبْعَدُکُمْ مِنَ اللَّهِ تَعَالَی وَ مَنْ آثَرَ السُّلْطَانَ عَلَی اللَّهِ تَعَالَی أَذْهَبَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ الْوَرَعَ وَ جَعَلَهُ حَیْرَانَ.

2. The Holy Prophet (s.a.w.s.) said, “Keep away from the doors of the king and his confidants because as a person goes near them, he goes far from Allah. A person who considers the king more important than Allah will continue to lose piety and remain confused and perplexed.”

حَدَّثَنِی مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِی مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الصَّفَّارُ عَنْ یَعْقُوبَ بْنِ یَزِیدَ عَنِ ابْنِ بِنْتِ الْوَلِیدِ بْنِ صَبِیحٍ الْبَاهِلِیِّ عَنْ أَبِی عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: مَنْ سَوَّدَ اسْمَهُ فِی دِیوَانِ الْجَبَّارِینَ [مِنْ] وُلْدِ فُلَانٍ حَشَرَهُ اللَّهُ یَوْمَ الْقِیَامَهِ خِنْزِیراً.

1. It was narrated to me by Muhammad b. al-Hassan who said it was narrated to me by Muhammad b. al-Hassan al-Saffar from Ya’qub b. Yazid from Ibn bint al-Waleed b. Sabeeh al-Bahili from Abi Abdillah (a.s.) who said: “One who gets his name entered in the registers of the son of so and so, Allah will resurrect him as a pig on the Day of Judgment.”

أَبِی رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِی أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِدْرِیسَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُوسَی بْنِ عَمْرٍو عَنِ ابْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِی الْجَارُودِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ الْإِسْکَافِ عَنِ الْأَصْبَغِ عَنْ أَمِیرِ الْمُؤْمِنِینَ ع قَالَ: أَیُّمَا وَالٍ احْتَجَبَ عَنْ حَوَائِجِ النَّاسِ احْتَجَبَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ یَوْمَ الْقِیَامَهِ وَ عَنْ حَوَائِجِهِ وَ إِنْ أَخَذَ هَدِیَّهً کَانَ غُلُولًا وَ إِنْ أَخَذَ رِشْوَهً فَهُوَ مُشْرِکٌ.

1. My father (rah) said: it was narrated to me by Ahmad b. Idris from Muhammad b. Ahmad from Muhammad b. Musa b. ’Amru from Ibn Sinan from Abi al-Jarud from Sa’d al-Iskafi from al-Asbagh from Ameer al-Mumineen (a.s.) who said: “If a ruler does not fulfill the needs of his subjects, Allah will not fulfill his wishes on the Day of Judgment. If the ruler accepts gifts it is betrayal of trust and if he takes bribe, he is a polytheist.”

أَبِی ره قَالَ حَدَّثَنِی سَعْدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ رَفَعَهُ إِلَی أَبِی عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: مَا قَرَبَ قَوْمٌ مِنَ الْمُنْکِرِینَ أَظْهُرَهُمْ لَا یُعَیِّرُونَهُ إِلَّا أَوْشَکَ أَنْ یَعُمَّهُمُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بِعِقَابٍ مِنْ عِنْدِهِ.

1. My father (rah) said: it was narrated to me by Sa’d b. Abdillah from Ahmad b. Muhammad b. Sinan who raised it to Abi Abdillah (a.s.) who said: “If some people of a community commit sins and if they are not stopped from doing so, a time will come soon when Allah will send chastisement on all of them.”

حَدَّثَنِی مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِی مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِی الْقَاسِمِ عَنْ هَارُونَ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ مَسْعَدَهَ بْنِ صَدَقَهَ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِیهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِنَّ الْمُصِیبَهَ إِذَا عَمِلَ بِهَا الْعَبْدُ سِرّاً لَمْ تُضِرَّ إِلَّا عَامِلَهَا وَ إِذَا عَمِلَ بِهَا عَلَانِیَهً وَ لَمْ یُعَیَّرْ عَلَیْهِ أَضَرَّتِ الْعَامَّهَ قَالَ جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ ع وَ ذَلِکَ أَنَّهُ یُذِلُّ بِعَمَلِهِ دِینَ اللَّهِ وَ یَقْتَدِی بِهِ أَهْلُ عَدَاوَهٍ.

2. Imam Ja’far Sadiq (a.s.) narrates from his ancestors that the Holy Prophet (s.a.w.s.) said, “One who is committing sins secretly, it is harmful for that individual himself. However if he is sinning openly and is not being restrained, it is harmful for everyone.” Imam Ja’far Sadiq (a.s.) said, “It is an insult of Allah’s religion. The sinners and their followers are like enemies of Allah.”

وَ بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ قَالَ قَالَ عَلِیٌّ ع أَیُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَی لَا یُعَذِّبُ الْعَامَّهَ بِذَنْبِ الْخَاصَّهِ إِذَا عَمِلَتِ الْخَاصَّهُ بِالْمُنْکَرِ سِرّاً مِنْ غَیْرِ أَنْ تَعْلَمَ الْعَامَّهُ فَإِذَا عَمِلَتِ الْخَاصَّهُ بِالْمُنْکَرِ جِهَاراً فَلَمْ یُعَیِّرْ ذَلِکَ الْعَامَّهُ اسْتَوْجَبَ الْفَرِیقَانِ الْعُقُوبَهَ مِنَ اللَّهِ تَعَالَی- وَ قَالَ لَا یَحْضُرَنَّ أَحَدُکُمْ رَجُلًا یَضْرِبُهُ سُلْطَانٌ جَائِرٌ ظُلْماً وَ عُدْوَاناً وَ لَا مَقْبُولًا وَ لَا مَظْلُوماً إِذَا لَمْ یَنْصُرْهُ- لِأَنَّ نُصْرَهَ الْمُؤْمِنِ فَرِیضَهٌ وَاجِبَهٌ فَإِذَا هُوَ حَضَرَهُ وَ الْعَافِیَهُ أَوْسَعُ مَا لَمْ یَلْزَمْکَ الْحُجَّهُ الْحَاضِرَهُ قَالَ وَ لَمَّا وَقَعَ التَّقْصِیرُ فِی بَنِی إِسْرَائِیلَ جَعَلَ الرَّجُلُ مِنْهُمْ یَرَی أَخَاهُ عَلَی الذَّنْبِ فَیَنْهَاهُ فَلَا یَنْتَهِی فَلَا یَمْنَعُهُ مِنْ ذَلِکَ أَنْ یَکُونَ أَکِیلَهُ وَ جَلِیسَهُ وَ شَرِیبَهُ حَتَّی ضَرَبَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَی قُلُوبَ بَعْضِهِمْ بِبَعْضٍ وَ نَزَلَ فِیهِمُ الْقُرْآنُ حَیْثُ یَقُولُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- لُعِنَ الَّذِینَ کَفَرُوا مِنْ بَنِی إِسْرائِیلَ عَلی لِسانِ داوُدَ وَ عِیسَی ابْنِ مَرْیَمَ ذلِکَ بِما عَصَوْا وَ کانُوا یَعْتَدُونَ. کانُوا لا یَتَناهَوْنَ عَنْ مُنکَرٍ فَعَلُوهُ إِلَی آخِرِ الْآیَهِ.

3. Amirul Momineen (a.s.) said, “Surely Allah will not send chastisement on all because of the sins of some people until they commit sins secretly and others are not aware of it. However if they sin openly and are not restrained from it, everybody will be deserving of divine chastisement. If an unjust king kills someone out of oppression and enmity or does any other injustice, you should not remain over there. If you are, helping the victim becomes obligatory for you. However there is no responsibility upon you until the innocence of the victim is proved. People of Bani Israel were careless about prohibited deeds. Once a person sinned in front of his brother who advised him not to do so but he turned a deaf ear to his words. This sin did not affect their friendship in any way. At last, Allah put the love of that sin in their hearts and these verses are revealed for those persons: Those who disbelieved from among the children of Israel were cursed by the tongue of Dawood and Isa, son of Maryam; this was because they disobeyed and used to exceed the limit. They used not to forbid each other the hateful things (which) they did; certainly evil was that which they did.”46

حَدَّثَنِی مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِیٍّ مَاجِیلَوَیْهِ عَنْ عَمِّهِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِیٍّ الْکُوفِیِّ عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَیْمُونٍ عَنْ أَبِی عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِیهِ ع قَالَ: لِلزَّانِی سِتَّهُ خِصَالٍ ثَلَاثٌ فِی الدُّنْیَا وَ ثَلَاثٌ فِی الْآخِرَهِ أَمَّا الَّتِی فِی الدُّنْیَا فَیَذْهَبُ بِنُورِ الْوَجْهِ وَ یُورِثُ الْفَقْرَ وَ یُعَجِّلُ الْفَنَاءَ وَ أَمَّا الَّتِی فِی الْآخِرَهِ فیسخط [فَسَخَطُ] الرَّبِّ وَ سُوءُ الْحِسَابِ وَ الْخُلُودُ فِی النَّارِ.

1. It was narrated to me by Muhammad b. Ali Majluwayh from his uncle Muhammad b. Ali al-Kufi from Ibn Fadhal from Abdillah b. Maymun from Abi Abdillah from his father (a.s.) who said: that there are six kinds of punishments for an adulterer. Three are related to this world and three to the hereafter. The punishments of this world are that the person will continue to lose the brilliance of his face; he will face poverty and die soon. The punishments of hereafter include displeasure of Allah on the Day of judgment, bad accounting of deeds and living in Hell forever.

حَدَّثَنِی مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِی الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِی عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ یَحْیَی بْنِ الْمُغِیرَهِ عَنْ حَفْصٍ قَالَ قَالَ زَیْدُ بْنُ عَلِیٍّ ع قَالَ أَمِیرُ الْمُؤْمِنِینَ ع إِذَا کَانَ یَوْمُ الْقِیَامَهِ أَهَبَّ اللَّهُ رِیحاً مُنْتِنَهً یَتَأَذَّی بِهَا أَهْلُ الْجَمْعِ حَتَّی إِذَا هَبَّتْ تُمْسِکُ بِأَنْفَاسِ النَّاسِ نَادَاهُمْ مُنَادٍ هَلْ تَدْرُونَ مَا هَذِهِ الرِّیحُ الَّتِی قَدْ آذَتْکُمْ فَیَقُولُونَ لَا فَقَدْ آذَتْنَا وَ بَلَغَتْ مِنَّا کُلَّ مَبْلَغٍ قَالَ فَیُقَالُ هَذِهِ الرِّیحُ رِیحُ فُرُوجِ الزُّنَاهِ الَّذِینَ لَقُوا اللَّهَ بِالزِّنَاءِ ثُمَّ لَمْ یَتُوبُوا فَالْعَنُوهُمْ لَعَنَهُمُ اللَّهُ قَالَ فَلَا یَبْقَی فِی الْمَوْقِفِ أَحَدٌ إِلَّا قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ الْعَنِ الزُّنَاهَ.

2. Amirul Momineen (a.s.) relates that the Almighty Allah will spread a foul stench in the air on the Day of Judgment. This stench will irritate everyone assembled over there to an extent that people will start suffocating because of it. A caller will ask, “Do you know from where this stench is coming which is troubling you so much?” People will reply, “We don’t know from where it is coming but we know that it is very suffocating indeed.” They will be told, “This is the smell of the genitals of adulterers. Those who committed adultery and passed away from the world without repenting. May Allah’s curse be upon them. You all should curse them.” Each and everyone gathered over there will say, “May Allah’s curse be upon them.”

أَبِی ره قَالَ حَدَّثَنِی عَلِیُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِیمَ عَنْ أَبِیهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِی عُمَیْرٍ عَنْ مُعَاوِیَهَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ صَبَّاحِ بْنِ سَیَابَهَ قَالَ: کُنْتُ عِنْدَ أَبِی عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَقِیلَ لَهُ یَزْنِی الزَّانِی وَ هُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ قَالَ لَا إِذَا کَانَ عَلَی بَطْنِهَا سُلِبَ الْإِیمَانُ مِنْهُ وَ إِذَا أَقَامَ رُدَّ عَلَیْهِ قَالَ فَإِنَّهُ أَرَادَ أَنْ یَعُودَ قَالَ مَا أَکْثَرَ مَنْ یَهُمُّ أَنْ یَعُودَ ثُمَّ لَا یَعُودُ.

3. My father (rah) said: it was narrated to me by Ali b. Ibrahim from his father from Muhammad b. Abi ’Umayr from Muawiyah b. Ammar from Sabah b. Sayabeh who said: The narrator was with Imam Ja’far Sadiq (a.s.) when Imam (a.s.) was asked, “Is an adulterer a believer at the time of committing that sin?” Imam (a.s.) replied, “When he is committing the sin, faith is taken away from him and returned to him after the act.” Imam was asked, “What about one who wants to commit the sin once again?” Imam (a.s.) replied, “In most cases, even if people try to do so they are not able to.”

أَبِی ره قَالَ حَدَّثَنِی مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ یَحْیَی الْعَطَّارُ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ عُبَیْدِ بْنِ زُرَارَهَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَعْیَنَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع یَقُولُ إِذَا زَنَی الرَّجُلُ أَدْخَلَ الشَّیْطَانُ ذَکَرَهُ فَعَمِلَا جَمِیعاً وَ کَانَتِ النُّطْفَهُ مِنْهُمَا وَ خُلِقَ مِنْهُمَا وَ خُلِقَ مِنْهَا الْوَلَدُ وَ یَکُونُ شِرْکَ الشَّیْطَانِ.

4. It is narrated that Imam Muhammad Baqir (a.s.) said, “When a person commits fornication, he is not alone and the Shaitaan accompanies him. Both of them commit this sin together. The semen is of one person only but the child belongs to both of them. Hence he is a partner of Shaitaan.”