ومن وصية له (عليه السلام) لعبد الله بن العباس عند استخلافه إياه على البصرة
Given to ‘Abdullāh ibn al-‘Abbās at the time of his appointment as his Governor of Baṣrah.
Nahj al-Balāgha
The Peak of Eloquence
Letters
Instructions to Ibn Abbas upon his appointment as the governor of Basra
سَعِ النَّاسَ بِوَجْهِكَ وَمَجْلِسِكَ وَحُكْمِكَ، وإِيَّاكَ وَالْغَضَبَ فَإِنَّهُ طَيْرَةٌ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ.
Meet people with a broad face, allow them free audience and pass generous orders. Avoid anger because it is a augury of Satan.
وَاعْلَمْ أَنَّ مَا قَرَّبَكَ مِنَ اللهِ يُبَاعِدُكَ مِنْ النَّارِ، وَمَا بَاعَدَكَ مِنَ اللهِ يُقَرِّبُكَ مِنَ النَّارِ.
Remember that whatever takes you near Allāh takes you away from the Fire (of Hell), and whatever takes you away from Allāh takes you near the Fire.
Letters
Instructions to Ibn Abbas before talks with the Kharijites
ومن وصية له (عليه السلام) لعبد الله بن العباس لما بعثه للاحتجاج على الخوارج
Given to ‘Abdullāh ibn al-‘Abbās, at the time of his being deputed to confront the Khārijītes.
لَا تُخَاصِمْهُمْ بِالْقُرْآنِ، فَإِنَّ الْقُرْآنَ حَمَّالٌ ذُو وُجُوهٍ، تَقُولُ وَيَقُولُونَ، وَلكِنْ حَاجِجْهُمْ بالسُّنَّةِ، فَإِنَّهُمْ لَنْ يَجِدُوا عَنْهَا مَحِيصاً.
Do not argue with them by the Qur’ān because the Qur’ān has many faces. You would say your own and they would say their own; but argue with them by the sunnah, because they cannot find escape from it.
Letters
In response to Abu Musa Ashari''s letter about the two arbitrators
ومن كتاب له (عليه السلام) إلى أبي موسى الأشعري جوابا في أمر الحكمين، ذكره سعيد بن يحيى الأموي في كتاب المغازي
To Abū Mūsā al-Ash‘arī in reply to his letter regarding the two arbitrators. Sa‘īd ibn Yaḥyā al-Umawī has mentioned this in his “Kitāb al-Maghāzī.”
فَإِنَّ النَّاسَ قَدْ تَغَيَّرَ كَثِيرٌ مِنْهُمْ عَنْ كَثِيرٍ مِنْ حَظِّهِمْ، فَمَالُوا مَعَ الدُّنْيَا، وَنَطَقُوا بِالْهَوى، وَإِنِّي نَزَلْتُ مِنْ هَذَا الْأَمْرِ مَنْزِلًا مُعْجِباً، اجْتَمَعَ بِهِ أَقْوَامٌ أَعْجَبَتْهُمْ أَنْفُسُهُمْ، فإنِّي [وَأَنَا] أُدَاوِي مِنْهُمْ قَرْحاً أَخَافُ أَنْ يَكُونَ عَلَقاً.
Certainly, many people have turned away from many a (lasting) benefit (of the next life), for they bent towards the world and spoke with passions. I have been struck with wonder in this matter, upon which people who are self-conceited have agreed. I am providing a cure for their wound but I fear lest it develops into a clot of blood (and becomes incurable).
وَلَيْسَ رَجُلٌ ـ فَاعْلَمْ ـ أَحْرَصَ عَلَى جَمَاعَةِ أُمَّةِ مُحَمَّدٍ (صلى الله عليه وآله) وَأُلْفَتِهَا مِنِّي، أَبْتَغِي بِذلِكَ حُسْنَ الثَّوَابِ، وَكَرَمَ الْمَآبِ، وَسَأَفِي بِالَّذِي وَأيْتُ عَلَى نَفْسِي، وَإِنْ تَغَيَّرْتَ عَنْ صَالِحِ مَا فَارَقْتَنِي عَلَيْهِ. فَإِنَّ الشَّقِيَّ مَنْ حُرِمَ نَفْعَ مَا أُوتِيَ مِنَ الْعَقْلِ وَالتَّجْرِبَةِ.
Remember that no person is more covetous than I for the unity of the ummah of Muḥammad (may Allāh bless him and his descendants) and their solidarity. I seek through it good reward and an honourable place to return to. I shall fulfill what I have pledged upon myself even though you may go back from the sound position that existed when you left me last, because wretched is he who is denied the benefit of wisdom and experience.
وَإِنِّي لَأَعْبَدُ أَنْ يَقُولَ قَائِلٌ بِبَاطِلٍ، وَأَنْ أُفْسِدَ أَمْراً قَدْ أَصْلَحَهُ اللهُ، فَدَعْ مَا لَا تَعْرِفُ، فَإِنَّ شِرَارَ النَّاسِ طَائِرُونَ إِلَيْكَ بِأَقَاوِيلِ السُّوءِ، وَالسَّلَامُ.
I feel enraged if anyone speaks wrong, or if I should worsen a matter which Allāh has kept sound. Therefore, leave out what you do not understand, because wicked people will be conveying to you vicious things; and that is an end to the matter.
Letters
To the army officers when he was elected as the caliph
ومن كتاب له (عليه السلام) لما استخلف إلى أمراء الأجناد
To the army officers when Amīr al-mu’minīn became Caliph.
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