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Man Lā Yaḥḍuruh al-Faqīh borítója

Man Lā Yaḥḍuruh al-Faqīh

He who is without Jurist — 4. kötet

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Chapter on the Inheritance of One Who Embraces Islam or is Freed Before Receiving Inheritance

5700 - رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي اَلرَّجُلِ يُسْلِمُ عَلَى اَلْمِيرَاثِ قَالَ "إِنْ كَانَ قُسِمَ فَلاَ حَقَّ لَهُ وَ إِنْ كَانَ لَمْ يُقْسَمْ فَلَهُ اَلْمِيرَاثُ" قَالَ قُلْتُ اَلْعَبْدُ يُعْتَقُ عَلَى مِيرَاثٍ فَقَالَ "هُوَ بِمَنْزِلَتِهِ".

Hadith.5700 - Muhammad ibn Abi Umayr narrated from Aban ibn Uthman from Muhammad ibn Muslim from Abu Abdullah (as) regarding a man who accepts Islam for the sake of inheritance. Imam (as) said: "If the inheritance has already been divided, then he has no right to it. But if it has not been divided, then he is entitled to the inheritance." I asked: "What about a slave who is freed for the sake of inheritance?" Imam (as) said: "He is in the same position."

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Chapter on the Inheritance of the Hermaphrodite

5701 - رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُوسَى اَلْخَشَّابُ عَنْ غِيَاثِ بْنِ كَلُّوبٍ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّ عَلِيّاً عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ كَانَ يَقُولُ : "اَلْخُنْثَى يُوَرَّثُ مِنْ حَيْثُ يَبُولُ فَإِنْ بَالَ مِنْهُمَا جَمِيعاً فَمِنْ أَيِّهِمَا سَبَقَ اَلْبَوْلُ وُرِّثَ مِنْهُ فَإِنْ مَاتَ وَ لَمْ يَبُلْ فَنِصْفُ عَقْلِ اَلرَّجُلِ وَ نِصْفُ عَقْلِ اَلْمَرْأَةِ".

Hadith.5701 - Al-Hasan ibn Musa Al-Khasshab narrated from Ghiyath ibn Kallub from Ishaq ibn Ammar from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) from his father, Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) that Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) used to say: "The hermaphrodite is given inheritance based on the place from which they urinate. If they urinate from both, then inheritance is determined by whichever one the urine exits from first. If they die without urinating, then they are assigned half the blood money of a man and half the blood money of a woman."

5702 - وَ رَوَى اَلسَّكُونِيُّ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "أَنَّ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ كَانَ يُوَرِّثُ اَلْخُنْثَى فَيَعُدُّ أَضْلاَعَهُ فَإِنْ كَانَتْ أَضْلاَعُهُ نَاقِصَةً مِنْ أَضْلاَعِ اَلنِّسَاءِ بِضِلْعٍ وَرَّثَ مِيرَاثَ اَلرَّجُلِ لِأَنَّ اَلرَّجُلَ تَنْقُصُ أَضْلاَعُهُ، عَنْ ضِلْعِ اَلنِّسَاءِ بِضِلْعٍ لِأَنَّ حَوَّاءَ خُلِقَتْ مِنْ ضِلْعِ آدَمَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ اَلْقُصْوَى اَلْيُسْرَى فَنَقَصَ مِنْ أَضْلاَعِهِ ضِلْعٌ وَاحِدٌ". قَالَ مُصَنِّفُ هَذَا الْكِتَابِ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ إِنَّ حَوَّاءَ خُلِقَتْ مِنْ فَضْلَةِ الطِّينَةِ الَّتِي خُلِقَ مِنْهَا آدَمُ ع‌ وَ كَانَتْ تِلْكَ الطِّينَةُ مُبْقَاةً مِنْ طِينَةِ أَضْلَاعِهِ لَا أَنَّهَا خُلِقَتْ مِنْ ضِلْعِهِ بَعْدَ مَا أُكْمِلَ خَلْقُهُ فَأُخِذَ ضِلْعٌ مِنْ أَضْلَاعِهِ الْيُسْرَى فَخُلِقَتْ مِنْهَا وَ لَوْ كَانَ كَمَا يَقُولُ الْجُهَّالُ لَكَانَ لِمُتَكَلِّمٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ التَّشْنِيعِ طَرِيقٌ إِلَى أَنْ يَقُولَ إِنَّ آدَمَ كَانَ يَنْكِحُ بَعْضُهُ بَعْضاً وَ هَكَذَا خَلَقَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ النَّخْلَةَ مِنْ فَضْلَةِ طِينَةِ آدَمَ ع وَ كَذَلِكَ الْحَمَامُ فَلَوْ كَانَ ذَلِكَ كُلُّهُ مَأْخُوذاً مِنْ جَسَدِهِ بَعْدَ إِكْمَالِ خَلْقِهِ لَمَا جَازَ أَنْ يَنْكِحَ حَوَّاءَ فَيَكُونَ قَدْ نَكَحَ بَعْضُهُ بَعْضاً وَ لَا جَازَ لَهُ أَنْ يَأْكُلَ التَّمْرَ لِأَنَّهُ كَانَ يَكُونُ قَدْ أَكَلَ بَعْضَهُ وَ كَذَلِكَ الْحَمَامُ.

Hadith.5702 - Al-Sakuni narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) from his father, Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) that Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) used to determine the inheritance of a hermaphrodite by counting their ribs. If their ribs were fewer than the ribs of women by one rib, he would allocate to them the inheritance of a man, because a man has one rib less than a woman. This is because Hawwa (Eve) was created from the leftmost rib of Adam (as), and thus one rib was missing from his ribs.

5703 - وَ لِذَلِكَ قَالَ اَلنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : فِي اَلنَّخْلَةِ "اِسْتَوْصُوا بِعَمَّتِكُمْ خَيْراً".

Hadith.5703 - For this reason (Hadith.5702), the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) said regarding the date palms: "Treat your paternal aunt (metaphorical) well."

5704 - وَ رَوَى عَاصِمُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "إِنَّ شُرَيْحاً اَلْقَاضِيَ بَيْنَمَا هُوَ فِي مَجْلِسِ اَلْقَضَاءِ إِذْ أَتَتْهُ اِمْرَأَةٌ فَقَالَتْ أَيُّهَا اَلْقَاضِي اِقْضِ بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَ خَصْمِي فَقَالَ لَهَا وَ مَنْ خَصْمُكِ قَالَتْ أَنْتَ قَالَ أَفْرِجُوا لَهَا فَأَفْرَجُوا لَهَا فَدَخَلَتْ فَقَالَ لَهَا مَا ظُلاَمَتُكِ فَقَالَتْ إِنَّ لِي مَا لِلرِّجَالِ وَ مَا لِلنِّسَاءِ قَالَ شُرَيْحٌ فَإِنَّ أَمِيرَ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَقْضِي عَلَى اَلْمَبَالِ قَالَتْ فَإِنِّي أَبُولُ بِهِمَا جَمِيعاً وَ يَسْكُنَانِ مَعاً قَالَ شُرَيْحٌ وَ اَللَّهِ مَا سَمِعْتُ بِأَعْجَبَ مِنْ هَذَا قَالَتْ وَ أَعْجَبُ مِنْ هَذَا قَالَ وَ مَا هُوَ قَالَتْ جَامَعَنِي زَوْجِي فَوَلَدْتُ مِنْهُ وَ جَامَعْتُ جَارِيَتِي فَوَلَدَتْ مِنِّي فَضَرَبَ شُرَيْحٌ إِحْدَى يَدَيْهِ عَلَى اَلْأُخْرَى مُتَعَجِّباً ثُمَّ جَاءَ إِلَى أَمِيرِ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَقَالَ يَا أَمِيرَ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ لَقَدْ وَرَدَ عَلَيَّ شَيْءٌ مَا سَمِعْتُ بِأَعْجَبَ مِنْهُ ثُمَّ قَصَّ عَلَيْهِ قِصَّةَ اَلْمَرْأَةِ فَسَأَلَهَا أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَتْ هُوَ كَمَا ذَكَرَ فَقَالَ لَهَا "وَ مَنْ زَوْجُكِ" قَالَتْ فُلاَنٌ فَبَعَثَ إِلَيْهِ فَدَعَاهُ فَقَالَ "أَ تَعْرِفُ هَذِهِ" قَالَ نَعَمْ هِيَ زَوْجَتِي فَسَأَلَهُ عَمَّا قَالَتْ فَقَالَ هُوَ كَذَلِكَ فَقَالَ لَهُ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "لَأَنْتَ أَجْرَأُ مِنْ رَاكِبِ اَلْأَسَدِ حَيْثُ تُقْدِمُ عَلَيْهَا بِهَذِهِ اَلْحَالِ" ثُمَّ قَالَ "يَا قَنْبَرُ أَدْخِلْهَا بَيْتاً مَعَ اِمْرَأَةٍ فَعُدَّ أَضْلاَعَهَا" فَقَالَ زَوْجُهَا يَا أَمِيرَ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ لاَ آمَنُ عَلَيْهَا رَجُلاً وَ لاَ أَئْتَمِنُ عَلَيْهَا اِمْرَأَةً فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "عَلَيَّ بِدِينَارٍ اَلْخَصِيِّ " وَ كَانَ مِنْ صَالِحِي أَهْلِ اَلْكُوفَةِ وَ كَانَ يَثِقُ بِهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ "يَا دِينَارُ أَدْخِلْهَا بَيْتاً وَ عَرِّهَا مِنْ ثِيَابِهَا وَ مُرْهَا أَنْ تَشُدَّ مِئْزَراً وَ عُدَّ أَضْلاَعَهَا" فَفَعَلَ دِينَارٌ ذَلِكَ وَ كَانَ أَضْلاَعُهَا سَبْعَةَ عَشَرَ تِسْعَةٌ فِي اَلْيَمِينِ وَ ثَمَانِيَةٌ فِي اَلْيَسَارِ فَأَلْبَسَهَا عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ ثِيَابَ اَلرِّجَالِ وَ اَلْقَلَنْسُوَةَ وَ اَلنَّعْلَيْنِ وَ أَلْقَى عَلَيْهِ اَلرِّدَاءَ وَ أَلْحَقَهُ بِالرِّجَالِ فَقَالَ زَوْجُهَا يَا أَمِيرَ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ اِبْنَةُ عَمِّي وَ قَدْ وَلَدَتْ مِنِّي تُلْحِقُهَا بِالرِّجَالِ فَقَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "إِنِّي حَكَمْتُ عَلَيْهَا بِحُكْمِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِنَّ اَللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى خَلَقَ حَوَّاءَ مِنْ ضِلْعِ آدَمَ اَلْأَيْسَرِ اَلْأَقْصَى وَ أَضْلاَعُ اَلرِّجَالِ تَنْقُصُ وَ أَضْلاَعُ اَلنِّسَاءِ تَمَامٌ" ".

Hadith.5704 - Asim ibn Humaid narrated from Muhammad ibn Qays from Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) who said: "Shurayh the judge was once sitting in his court when a woman approached him and said: 'O' judge, rule between me and my opponent.' He (Shurayh) asked her: 'And who is your opponent?' She replied: 'You.' Shurayh said: 'Make way for her,' so they made space, and she entered. He (Shurayh) asked her: 'What is your grievance?' She said: 'I possess what belongs to men and what belongs to women.' Shurayh said: 'The Commander of the Faithful (as) rules according to how one urinates.' She replied: 'I urinate from both, and both function together.' Shurayh said: 'By Allah (swt), I have never heard anything more astonishing than this.' She said: 'And there is something even more astonishing.' He asked: 'And what is that?' She said: 'My husband had intercourse with me, and I bore him a child, and I had intercourse with my female servant, and she bore me a child.' Shurayh struck one of his hands against the other in amazement and then went to the Commander of the Faithful (as) and said: 'O' Commander of the Faithful, something has come before me that I have never heard of anything more astonishing.' He (Shurayh) then narrated the woman's story to Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as). The Commander of the Faithful (as) asked the woman about it, and she confirmed it. Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) asked her: 'And who is your husband?' She replied: 'So-and-so.' Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) sent for the man and asked him: 'Do you know this woman?' He replied: 'Yes, she is my wife.' Imam Ali (as) then questioned him about what she had said, and the man confirmed it. Imam Ali (as) said to him: 'You are bolder than a lion rider for approaching her in this condition.'" Then Imam Ali (as) said: "O' Qanbar, take her into a room with a woman and count her ribs." Her husband said: "O' Commander of the Faithful (as), I do not feel secure leaving her with a man, nor do I trust leaving her with a woman." Imam Ali (as) said: "Bring me Dinar, the eunuch," who was among the righteous people of Kufa and whom Imam Ali (as) trusted. Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said to him: "O' Dinar, take her into a room, have her remove her clothing, instruct her to wrap herself with a waistcloth, and count her ribs." Dinar did so and found that she had seventeen ribs - nine on the right side and eight on the left. Then Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) dressed her in men's clothing, placed a cap on her head, gave her sandals, draped a cloak over her, and asigned her among the men. Her husband said: "O' Commander of the Faithful (as), she is my cousin, and she has borne me a child, and now you are assigning her among the men?" Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) replied: "I have ruled over her with the judgment of Allah (swt), the Mighty and Majestic. Indeed, Allah (swt), Blessed and Exalted, created Hawwa (Eve) from the farthest left rib of Adam, and the ribs of men are fewer, whereas the ribs of women are complete."

5705 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ دَرَّاجٍ أَوْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ عَنِ اَلْفُضَيْلِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ مَوْلُودٍ لَيْسَ لَهُ مَا لِلرِّجَالِ وَ لَيْسَ لَهُ مَا لِلنِّسَاءِ قَالَ "هَذَا يُقْرِعُ عَلَيْهِ اَلْإِمَامُ يَكْتُبُ عَلَى سَهْمٍ عَبْدَ اَللَّهِ وَ يَكْتُبُ عَلَى سَهْمٍ آخَرَ أَمَةَ اَللَّهِ ثُمَّ يَقُولُ اَلْإِمَامُ أَوِ اَلْمُقْرِعُ: اَللَّهُمَّ أَنْتَ اَللَّهُ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ أَنْتَ "عٰالِمَ اَلْغَيْبِ وَ اَلشَّهٰادَةِ أَنْتَ تَحْكُمُ بَيْنَ عِبٰادِكَ فِي مٰا كٰانُوا فِيهِ يَخْتَلِفُونَ" بَيِّنْ لَنَا أَمْرَ هَذَا اَلْمَوْلُودِ حَتَّى يُوَرَّثَ مَا فَرَضْتَ لَهُ فِي كِتَابِكَ، ثُمَّ يَطْرَحُ اَلسَّهْمَيْنِ فِي سِهَامٍ مُبْهَمَةٍ ثُمَّ تُجَالُ فَأَيُّهُمَا خَرَجَ وُرِّثَ عَلَيْهِ".

Hadith.5705 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Jameel ibn Darraj or Jameel ibn Salih from Al-Fudayl ibn Yasar who said: I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a newborn who has neither the characteristics of males nor females. Imam (as) said: "In this case, the Imam will cast lots. He will write on one lot 'Servant of Allah (swt)' (Abdullah) and on another lot 'Maidservant of Allah (swt)' (Amatullah). Then the Imam or the one drawing the lots will say: 'O' Allah (swt), You are Allah (swt), there is no God but You (swt). Knower of the unseen and the seen, You (swt) judge between Your (swt) servants in what they differ. Clarify for us the matter of this newborn so that we may allot the inheritance You (swt) have prescribed for them in Your (swt) Book'. Then the two lots will be placed among other unidentified lots, and whichever one is drawn will determine how the child inherits."

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Chapter on the Inheritance of a Newborn Born with Two Heads

5706 - رَوَى أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَشْيَمَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ اَلْقَاسِمِ اَلْجَوْهَرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَرِيزِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "وُلِدَ عَلَى عَهْدِ أَمِيرِ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ مَوْلُودٌ لَهُ رَأْسَانِ فَسُئِلَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يُوَرَّثُ مِيرَاثَ اِثْنَيْنِ أَوْ وَاحِدٍ فَقَالَ "يُتْرَكُ حَتَّى يَنَامَ ثُمَّ يُصَاحُ بِهِ فَإِنِ اِنْتَبَهَا جَمِيعاً مَعاً، كَانَ لَهُ مِيرَاثٌ وَاحِدٌ وَ إِنِ اِنْتَبَهَ وَاحِدٌ وَ بَقِيَ اَلْآخَرُ نَائِماً وُرِّثَ مِيرَاثَ اِثْنَيْنِ".

Hadith.5706 - Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Isa narrated from Ali ibn Ahmad ibn Ashyam from Muhammad ibn Al-Qasim Al-Jawhari from his father from Hariz ibn Abdullah from Abu Abdullah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) who said: "During the time of the Commander of the Faithful (as), a child was born with two heads. Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) was asked whether this child should inherit as one person or as two. Imam Ali (as) replied: 'Let the child sleep, then call out to them. If both heads wake up together, the child inherits as one person. But if one wakes up while the other remains asleep, then the child inherits as two.'"

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Chapter on the Inheritance of the Missing Person

5707 - رَوَى يُونُسُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اَلرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو اَلْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "فِي اَلْمَفْقُودِ يُتَرَبَّصُ بِمَالِهِ أَرْبَعُ سِنِينَ ثُمَّ يُقْسَمُ".

Hadith.5707 - Yunus ibn Abd Al-Rahman narrated from Ishaq ibn Ammar who said that Abu Al-Hasan (as) said: "In the case of a missing person (mafqud), his wealth is withheld for four years, and then it is divided."

5708 - وَ رَوَى صَفْوَانُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ جُنْدَبٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ قَالَ سَأَلَ حَفْصٌ اَلْأَعْوَرُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ وَ أَنَا حَاضِرٌ فَقَالَ : كَانَ لِأَبِي أَجِيرٌ وَ كَانَ لَهُ عِنْدَهُ شَيْءٌ فَهَلَكَ اَلْأَجِيرُ فَلَمْ يَدَعْ وَارِثاً وَ لاَ قَرَابَةً وَ قَدْ ضِقْتُ بِذَلِكَ كَيْفَ أَصْنَعُ فَقَالَ "رَابَكَ اَلْمَسَاكِينُ رَابَكَ اَلْمَسَاكِينُ" فَقُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ إِنِّي قَدْ ضِقْتُ بِذَلِكَ كَيْفَ أَصْنَعُ فَقَالَ "هُوَ كَسَبِيلِ مَالِكَ فَإِنْ جَاءَ طَالِبٌ أَعْطَيْتَهُ".

Hadith.5708 - Safwan ibn Yahya narrated from Abdullah ibn Jundub from Hisham ibn Salim who said: Hafs Al-Awar asked Abu Abdullah (as) while I was present, saying: "My father had a hired worker who had something with him. The worker died, leaving behind no heirs or relatives. I am distressed about this matter; what should I do?" Abu Abdullah (as) replied: "The needy are more deserving of it, the needy are more deserving of it." I said: "May I be your ransom! I am still troubled by this matter; what should I do?" Imam (as) said: "Treat it as you would treat your own wealth. If someone comes claiming it, give it to them."

5709 - وَ رَوَى اِبْنُ أَبِي نَصْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ مَاتَ وَ تَرَكَ وُلْداً وَ كَانَ بَعْضُهُمْ غَائِباً لاَ يُدْرَى أَيْنَ هُوَ قَالَ "يُقْسَمُ مِيرَاثُهُ وَ يُعْزَلُ لِلْغَائِبِ نَصِيبُهُ" قُلْتُ فَعَلَيْهِ اَلزَّكَاةُ قَالَ "لاَ حَتَّى يَقْدَمَ فَيَقْبِضَهُ وَ يَحُولَ عَلَيْهِ اَلْحَوْلُ" قُلْتُ فَإِنْ كَانَ لاَ يُدْرَى أَيْنَ هُوَ قَالَ "إِنْ كَانَ اَلْوَرَثَةُ مِلاَءً اِقْتَسَمُوا مِيرَاثَهُ فَإِنْ جَاءَ رَدُّوهُ عَلَيْهِ".

Hadith.5709 - Ibn Abi Nasr narrated from Hammad from Ishaq ibn Ammar who said: I asked Imam (as) about a man who died and left behind children, some of whom were absent and their whereabouts were unknown. Imam (as) said: "Inheritance should be divided, and the share of the absent one will be set aside." I asked: "Is zakat due on it?" Imam (as) said: "No, not until he returns, takes possession of it, and a full year passes over it." I asked: "What if his whereabouts are completely unknown?" Imam (as) said: "If the remaining heirs are financially well-off, they may divide the inheritance. If he returns, they must restore his share to him."

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