Man Lā Yaḥḍuruh al-Faqīh

3768 - رُوِيَ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ : "إِنَّ أَبِي عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ اِشْتَرَى أَرْضاً يُقَالُ لَهَا اَلْعُرَيْضُ فَلَمَّا اِسْتَوْجَبَهَا قَامَ فَمَضَى فَقُلْتُ لَهُ يَا أَبَةِ عَجَّلْتَ بِالْقِيَامِ فَقَالَ "يَا بُنَيَّ إِنِّي أَرَدْتُ أَنْ يَجِبَ اَلْبَيْعُ" ".

Hadith.3768 - It is narrated from Al-Halabi, from Abu Abdillah (as), that he said: "My father (as) purchased a piece of land called Al-Urayd. When he finalized the purchase, he immediately stood up and left. Imam Al Sadiq (as) said to Imam Al Baqir (as): 'O father, you left in haste.' Imam Al Baqir (as) replied: 'O my son, I wanted the sale to become binding.'"

3769 - وَ رَوَى أَبُو أَيُّوبَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَقُولُ : "اِبْتَعْتُ أَرْضاً فَلَمَّا اِسْتَوْجَبْتُهَا قُمْتُ فَمَشَيْتُ خُطًا ثُمَّ رَجَعْتُ أَرَدْتُ أَنْ يَجِبَ اَلْبَيْعُ حِينَ اَلاِفْتِرَاقِ".

Hadith.3769 - Abu Ayyub narrated from Muhammad ibn Muslim who said: I heard Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) say: "I purchased a piece of land, and when I finalized the purchase, I stood up and walked a few steps, then returned. I did this to make the sale binding at the time of separation."

3770 - رُوِيَ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ إِنَّا نُخَالِطُ قَوْماً مِنْ أَهْلِ اَلسَّوَادِ وَ غَيْرِهِمْ فَنَبِيعُهُمْ وَ نَرْبَحُ عَلَيْهِمُ اَلْعَشَرَةَ اِثْنَيْ عَشَرَ وَ اَلْعَشَرَةَ ثَلاَثَةَ عَشَرَ وَ نُؤَخِّرُ ذَلِكَ فِيمَا بَيْنَنَا وَ بَيْنَهُمُ اَلسَّنَةَ وَ نَحْوَهَا فَيَكْتُبُ اَلرَّجُلُ لَنَا بِهَا عَلَى دَارِهِ أَوْ عَلَى أَرْضِهِ بِذَلِكَ اَلْمَالِ اَلَّذِي فِيهِ اَلْفَضْلُ اَلَّذِي أَخَذَ مِنَّا شِرًى بِأَنَّهُ قَدْ بَاعَهُ وَ أَخَذَ اَلثَّمَنَ فَنَعِدُهُ إِنْ هُوَ جَاءَ بِالْمَالِ فِي وَقْتٍ بَيْنَنَا وَ بَيْنَهُ أَنْ نَرُدَّ عَلَيْهِ اَلشِّرَاءَ وَ إِنْ جَاءَنَا اَلْوَقْتُ وَ لَمْ يَأْتِنَا بِالدَّرَاهِمِ فَهُوَ لَنَا فَمَا تَرَى فِي اَلشِّرَاءِ فَقَالَ "أَرَى أَنَّهُ لَكَ إِذَا لَمْ يَفْعَلْ وَ إِنْ جَاءَ بِالْمَالِ لِلْوَقْتِ فَتَرُدُّ عَلَيْهِ".

Hadith.3770 - It is narrated from Sa'id ibn Yasar who said: I said to Abu Abdillah (as): "We deal with some people from the rural areas and others. We sell to them and make a profit - sometimes ten becomes twelve, and sometimes ten becomes thirteen. We allow them to defer payment for a year or so, and they provide us with a written guarantee secured by their house or land for the amount, including the added profit. We then agree that if they bring the payment within the specified time, we will cancel the sale and return the property to them. However, if the deadline passes and they do not bring the payment, the property becomes ours. What do you think about this transaction?" Imam (as) said: "I see that it is yours if they fail to meet the condition. But if they bring the payment within the agreed time, you must return the property to them."

3771 - وَ رَوَى إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : سَأَلَهُ رَجُلٌ وَ أَنَا عِنْدَهُ فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ مُسْلِمٌ اِحْتَاجَ إِلَى بَيْعِ دَارِهِ فَجَاءَ إِلَى أَخِيهِ فَقَالَ أَبِيعُكَ دَارِي هَذِهِ فَتَكُونُ لَكَ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ مِنْ أَنْ تَكُونَ لِغَيْرِكَ عَلَى أَنْ تَشْتَرِطَ لِي إِنْ أَنَا جِئْتُكَ بِثَمَنِهَا إِلَى سَنَةٍ أَنْ تَرُدَّهَا عَلَيَّ فَقَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهَذَا إِنْ جَاءَ بِثَمَنِهَا إِلَى سَنَةٍ رَدَّهَا عَلَيْهِ" قُلْتُ فَإِنْ كَانَتْ فِيهَا غَلَّةٌ كَثِيرَةٌ فَأَخَذَ اَلْغَلَّةَ لِمَنْ تَكُونُ اَلْغَلَّةُ قَالَ "لِلْمُشْتَرِي أَ مَا تَرَى أَنَّهَا لَوِ اِحْتَرَقَتْ لَكَانَتْ مِنْ مَالِهِ".

Hadith.3771 - Ishaq ibn Ammar narrated from Abu Abdillah (as): A man asked him while I was present, saying: "A Muslim man needed to sell his house, so he came to his brother and said: 'I will sell you my house. It is more beloved to me that it belongs to you than to someone else, on the condition that if I bring you its price within a year, you will return it to me.'" He (as) said: "There is no problem with this. If he brings its price within a year, he should return it to him." I asked: "What if the property yields a significant income during that time? Who does the income belong to?" He (as) said: "It belongs to the buyer. Do you not see that if it were to burn down, it would be his loss?"

3772 - رَوَى مَنْصُورُ بْنُ حَازِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "إِذَا اِشْتَرَيْتَ مَتَاعاً فِيهِ كَيْلٌ أَوْ وَزْنٌ فَلاَ تَبِعْهُ حَتَّى تَقْبِضَهُ إِلاَّ أَنْ تُوَلِّيَهُ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ فِيهِ كَيْلٌ وَ لاَ وَزْنٌ فَبِعْهُ ".

Hadith.3772 - Mansur ibn Hazim narrated from Abu Abdillah (as) who said: "If you purchase goods that require measuring or weighing, do not sell them until you take possession of them - unless you appoint someone to take possession on your behalf. However, if the goods do not require measuring or weighing, then you may sell them immediately."

3773 - وَ رَوَى عَبْدُ اَلرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَلَيْهِ كُرٌّ مِنْ طَعَامٍ فَاشْتَرَى كُرّاً مِنْ رَجُلٍ فَقَالَ لِلرَّجُلِ اِنْطَلِقْ فَاسْتَوْفِ حَقَّكَ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ ".

Hadith.3773 - Abd Al-Rahman ibn Abi Abdillah narrated from Abu Abdillah (as): I asked him about a man who owed a kurr (a measure) of food and then purchased a kurr from another man. He said to the seller, "Go and take your right (measure) from the food I owe." Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in that."

3774 - وَ رَوَى عَبْدُ اَللَّهِ بْنُ مُسْكَانَ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ : فِي رَجُلٍ اِبْتَاعَ مِنْ رَجُلٍ طَعَاماً بِدَرَاهِمَ فَأَخَذَ نِصْفَهُ ثُمَّ جَاءَهُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ وَ قَدِ اِرْتَفَعَ اَلطَّعَامُ أَوْ نَقَصَ فَقَالَ "إِنْ كَانَ يَوْمَ اِبْتَاعَهُ سَاعَرَهُ بِكَذَا وَ كَذَا فَهُوَ ذَاكَ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ سَاعَرَهُ فَإِنَّمَا لَهُ سِعْرُ يَوْمِهِ " قَالَ وَ قَالَ فِي اَلرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ عِنْدَهُ لَوْنَانِ مِنْ طَعَامٍ وَاحِدٍ قَدْ سَعَّرَهُمَا بِشَيْءٍ وَ أَحَدُهُمَا خَيْرٌ مِنَ اَلْآخَرِ فَيَخْلِطُهُمَا جَمِيعاً ثُمَّ يَبِيعُهُمَا بِسِعْرٍ وَاحِدٍ قَالَ "لاَ يَصْلُحُ لَهُ أَنْ يَفْعَلَ يَغُشَّ بِهِ اَلْمُسْلِمِينَ حَتَّى يُبَيِّنَهُ".

Hadith.3774 - Abdullah ibn Muskan narrated from Al-Halabi, from Abu Abdillah (as): Regarding a man who purchased food with dirhams from another man, took half of it, and then returned later - after the price of the food had either increased or decreased. Imam (as) said: "If, on the day he purchased it, they agreed on a fixed price, then that price applies. But if no price was fixed, then it is sold at the price of the day it is taken." Imam (as) also said about a man who had two types of the same food, priced equally, but one was better than the other, and he mixed them together and sold them at one price: "It is not permissible for him to do that, as it deceives the Muslims, unless he makes it clear (to the buyer)."

3775 - وَ رَوَى إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي اَلْعُطَارِدِ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ رَجُلٌ يَشْتَرِي اَلطَّعَامَ فَيَتَغَيَّرُ سِعْرُهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَقْبِضَهُ قَالَ "إِنِّي لَأُحِبُّ أَنْ يَفِيَ لَهُ كَمَا أَنَّهُ لَوْ كَانَ فِيهِ فَضْلٌ أَخَذَهُ".

Hadith.3775 - Ishaq ibn Ammar narrated from Abu Al-Utard who said: I asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a man who purchases food, and its price changes before he takes possession of it. Imam (as) said: "I prefer that he honors the agreement (at the original price), just as he would have taken the benefit if there had been an increase in value."

3776 - وَ رَوَى حَمَّادٌ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "لاَ يَصْلُحُ لِلرَّجُلِ أَنْ يَبِيعَ بِصَاعٍ غَيْرِ صَاعِ اَلْمِصْرِ".

Hadith.3776 - Hammad narrated from Al-Halabi, from Abu Abdillah (as), who said: "It is not permissible for a man to sell using a measure other than the standard measure of the city."

3777 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَلصَّمَدِ بْنِ بَشِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ سَأَلَهُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ اَلْقَاسِمِ اَلْحَنَّاطُ : فَقَالَ أَصْلَحَكَ اَللَّهُ أَبِيعُ اَلطَّعَامَ مِنَ اَلرَّجُلِ إِلَى أَجَلٍ فَأَجِيءُ وَ قَدْ تَغَيَّرَ اَلطَّعَامُ مِنْ سِعْرِهِ فَيَقُولُ لَيْسَ عِنْدِي دَرَاهِمُ قَالَ "خُذْ مِنْهُ بِسِعْرِ يَوْمِهِ " قَالَ أَفْهَمُ أَصْلَحَكَ اَللَّهُ أَنَّهُ طَعَامِيَ اَلَّذِي اِشْتَرَاهُ مِنِّي قَالَ "لاَ تَأْخُذْ مِنْهُ حَتَّى يَبِيعَ وَ يُعْطِيَكَ " قَالَ أَرْغَمَ اَللَّهُ أَنْفِي رَخَّصَ لِي فَرَدَدْتُ عَلَيْهِ فَشَدَّدَ عَلَيَّ.

Hadith.3777 - It is narrated from Abd Al-Samad ibn Bashir, from Abu Abdillah (as): Muhammad ibn Al-Qasim Al-Hannat asked him, "May Allah (swt) keep you well. I sell food to a man on credit, and when I go to collect payment, the price of the food has changed, and he says, 'I do not have dirhams.' What should I do?" Imam (as) said: "Take from him at the price of the day." Muhammad asked: "I understand, may Allah (swt) keep you well, but what if it is the same food he purchased from me?" Imam (as) said: "Do not take it from him until he sells it and gives you the payment." Muhammad said: "May Allah (swt) humble me! He initially gave me a concession, but when I questioned further, he imposed a stricter rule upon me."