Man Lā Yaḥḍuruh al-Faqīh

3353 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَلرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي رَجُلٍ شَهِدَ عَلَى شَهَادَةِ رَجُلٍ فَجَاءَ اَلرَّجُلُ فَقَالَ إِنِّي لَمْ أُشْهِدْهُ قَالَ "تَجُوزُ شَهَادَةُ أَعْدَلِهِمَا وَ إِنْ كَانَتْ عَدَالَتُهُمَا وَاحِدَةً لَمْ تَجُزْ شَهَادَتُهُ ".

Hadith.3353 - It is narrated from Abdullah ibn Sinan, from Abdurrahman ibn Abi Abdullah, from Abu Abdullah (as) regarding a man who testified based on the testimony of another man, and then the original man said: 'I did not make him a witness,' Imam (as) said: "The testimony of the more upright of the two is accepted, but if their uprightness is equal, then his testimony is not accepted."

3354 - وَ سَأَلَ صَفْوَانُ بْنُ يَحْيَى أَبَا اَلْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَشْهَدَ أَجِيرَهُ عَلَى شَهَادَةٍ ثُمَّ فَارَقَهُ أَ تَجُوزُ شَهَادَتُهُ بَعْدَ أَنْ يُفَارِقَهُ قَالَ "نَعَمْ" قُلْتُ فَيَهُودِيٌّ أُشْهِدَ عَلَى شَهَادَةٍ ثُمَّ أَسْلَمَ أَ تَجُوزُ شَهَادَتُهُ قَالَ "نَعَمْ".

Hadith.3354 - Safwan ibn Yahya asked Abu al-Hasan (as): About a man who made his employee a witness to a testimony and then separated from him, would his testimony be valid after their separation? Imam (as) said: "Yes." He further asked: What if a Jew was made a witness to a testimony and then embraced Islam, would his testimony be valid? Imam (as) said: "Yes."

3355 - وَ رَوَى اَلْعَلاَءُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلذِّمِّيِّ وَ اَلْعَبْدِ يُشْهَدَانِ عَلَى شَهَادَةٍ ثُمَّ يُسْلِمُ اَلذِّمِّيُّ وَ يُعْتَقُ اَلْعَبْدُ أَ تَجُوزُ شَهَادَتُهُمَا عَلَى مَا كَانَا أُشْهِدَا عَلَيْهِ قَالَ "نَعَمْ إِذَا عُلِمَ مِنْهُمَا بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ خَيْرٌ جَازَتْ شَهَادَتُهُمَا ".

Hadith.3355 - Al-Ala narrated from Muhammad ibn Muslim: He said: I asked Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) about a dhimmi (non-Muslim under Islamic protection) and a slave who bore witness to a testimony. Then the dhimmi embraced Islam and the slave was emancipated, would their testimony about what they were made witnesses to before be valid? Imam (as) said: "Yes, if goodness is known from them afterward, their testimony is valid."

3356 - وَ رَوَى غِيَاثُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "لاَ تَجُوزُ شَهَادَةٌ عَلَى شَهَادَةٍ فِي حَدٍّ وَ لاَ كَفَالَةٌ فِي حَدٍّ".

Hadith.3356 - Ghiyath ibn Ibrahim narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) from his father Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as): Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "Testimony upon testimony is not valid in cases involving prescribed punishments (hudud), nor is sponsorship (kafalah) valid in cases involving prescribed punishments."

3357 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنِ اَلْبَاقِرِ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي اَلشَّهَادَةِ عَلَى شَهَادَةِ اَلرَّجُلِ وَ هُوَ بِالْحَضْرَةِ فِي اَلْبَلَدِ قَالَ "نَعَمْ وَ لَوْ كَانَ خَلْفَ سَارِيَةٍ وَ يَجُوزُ ذَلِكَ إِذَا كَانَ لاَ يُمْكِنُهُ أَنْ يُقِيمَهَا لِعِلَّةٍ تَمْنَعُهُ مِنْ أَنْ يَحْضُرَ وَ يُقِيمَهَا فَلاَ بَأْسَ بِإِقَامَةِ اَلشَّهَادَةِ عَلَى شَهَادَتِهِ".

Hadith.3357 - Muhammad ibn Muslim narrated from Al-Baqir, Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali (as) regarding testimony upon the testimony of a man who is present in the town. Imam (as) said: "Yes, even if he is behind a column. It is permissible if he is unable to present it himself due to some excuse preventing him from attending and presenting it. In such a case, there is no harm in establishing testimony based on his testimony."

3358 - وَ رَوَى عَمْرُو بْنُ جُمَيْعٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "أَشْهِدْ عَلَى شَهَادَتِكَ مَنْ يَنْصَحُكَ" قَالُوا أَصْلَحَكَ اَللَّهُ كَيْفَ يَزِيدُ وَ يَنْقُصُ قَالَ "لاَ وَ لَكِنْ مَنْ يَحْفَظُهَا عَلَيْكَ". وَ لَا تَجُوزُ شَهَادَةٌ عَلَى شَهَادَةٍ عَلَى شَهَادَةٍ.

Hadith.3358 - Amr ibn Jumay' narrated from Abu Abdullah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) from his father, Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as): Imam (as) said: "Let someone trustworthy bear witness to your testimony." They asked: 'May Allah (swt) keep you well, how can it increase or decrease?' Imam (as) replied: "No, but it should be someone who preserves it for you." Imam (as) also said: "It is not permissible to testify upon a testimony that is based on another testimony."

3359 - رُوِيَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ غُرَابٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "لاَ تَشْهَدَنَّ عَلَى شَهَادَةٍ حَتَّى تَعْرِفَهَا كَمَا تَعْرِفُ كَفَّكَ".

Hadith.3359 - It is narrated from Ali ibn Ghurab, from Abu Abdillah (as): Imam (as) said: "Do not testify to a testimony until you know it as clearly as you know your own palm."

3360 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي اَلْحَسَنِ اَلْمَاضِي عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يُشْهِدُنِي هَؤُلاَءِ عَلَى إِخْوَانِي قَالَ "نَعَمْ أَقِمِ اَلشَّهَادَةَ لَهُمْ وَ إِنْ خِفْتَ عَلَى أَخِيكَ ضَرَراً ".

Hadith.3360 - It is narrated from Ali ibn Suwayd, who said: I said to Abu al-Hasan al-Madhi (as) (Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as)): "These people call me to testify against my brothers." Imam (as) said: 'Yes, establish the testimony for them, even if you fear harm for your brother.'"

3361 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ رَجُلٌ يُشْهِدُنِي عَلَى اَلشَّهَادَةِ فَأَعْرِفُ خَطِّي وَ خَاتَمِي وَ لاَ أَذْكُرُ مِنَ اَلْبَاقِي قَلِيلاً وَ لاَ كَثِيراً فَقَالَ "إِذَا كَانَ صَاحِبُكَ ثِقَةً وَ مَعَكَ رَجُلٌ ثِقَةٌ فَاشْهَدْ لَهُ".

Hadith.3361 - It is narrated from Umar ibn Yazid, who said: I said to Abu Abdullah (as): "A man calls me to testify, and I recognize my handwriting and my seal, but I do not remember anything else, whether little or much." Imam (as) said: 'If your companion is trustworthy and you have another trustworthy man with you, then testify for him.'"

3362 - كَتَبَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ اَلْحَسَنِ اَلصَّفَّارُ رَضِيَ اَللَّهُ عَنْهُ إِلَى أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ اَلْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : هَلْ تُقْبَلُ شَهَادَةُ اَلْوَصِيِّ لِلْمَيِّتِ بِدَيْنٍ لَهُ عَلَى رَجُلٍ مَعَ شَاهِدٍ آخَرَ عَدْلٍ فَوَقَّعَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "إِذَا شَهِدَ مَعَهُ آخَرُ عَدْلٌ فَعَلَى اَلْمُدَّعِي يَمِينٌ" وَ كَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ أَ يَجُوزُ لِلْوَصِيِّ أَنْ يَشْهَدَ لِوَارِثِ اَلْمَيِّتِ صَغِيراً أَوْ كَبِيراً بِحَقٍّ لَهُ عَلَى اَلْمَيِّتِ أَوْ عَلَى غَيْرِهِ وَ هُوَ اَلْقَابِضُ لِلْوَارِثِ اَلصَّغِيرِ وَ لَيْسَ لِلْكَبِيرِ بِقَابِضٍ فَوَقَّعَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "نَعَمْ وَ يَنْبَغِي لِلْوَصِيِّ أَنْ يَشْهَدَ بِالْحَقِّ وَ لاَ يَكْتُمَ شَهَادَتَهُ" وَ كَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ أَ وَ تُقْبَلُ شَهَادَةُ اَلْوَصِيِّ عَلَى اَلْمَيِّتِ بِدَيْنٍ مَعَ شَاهِدٍ آخَرَ عَدْلٍ فَوَقَّعَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "نَعَمْ مِنْ بَعْدِ يَمِينٍ".

Hadith.3362 - Muhammad ibn al-Hasan al-Saffar, may Allah (swt) have mercy on him, wrote to Abu Muhammad al-Hasan ibn Ali (as): "Is the testimony of the executor (al-wasi) for the deceased regarding a debt owed to him by a man acceptable along with another just witness?" Imam (as) replied: "If another just witness testifies with him, then the claimant must take an oath." He also wrote to Imam (as): "Is it permissible for the executor to testify for the heir of the deceased, whether young or old, regarding a right owed to him by the deceased or by another person, especially if he is the custodian of the young heir but not the custodian of the older one?" Imam (as) replied: "Yes, the executor should testify truthfully and must not conceal his testimony." Furthermore, he wrote to Imam (as): "Is the testimony of the executor against the deceased regarding a debt, along with another just witness, acceptable?" Imam (as) replied: "Yes, but only after an oath."