Man Lā Yaḥḍuruh al-Faqīh

3334 - وَ رَوَى إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اَلْحَمِيدِ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي اِمْرَأَةٍ شَهِدَ عِنْدَهَا شَاهِدَانِ بِأَنَّ زَوْجَهَا مَاتَ فَتَزَوَّجَتْ ثُمَّ جَاءَ زَوْجُهَا اَلْأَوَّلُ قَالَ "لَهَا اَلْمَهْرُ بِمَا اِسْتَحَلَّ مِنْ فَرْجِهَا اَلْأَخِيرُ وَ يُضْرَبُ اَلشَّاهِدَانِ اَلْحَدَّ وَ يُضَمَّنَانِ اَلْمَهْرَ بِمَا غَرَّا اَلرَّجُلَ ثُمَّ تَعْتَدُّ وَ تَرْجِعُ إِلَى زَوْجِهَا اَلْأَوَّلِ".

Hadith.3334 - Ibrahim ibn Abdul Hamid reported from Abu Basir, who narrated from Abu Abdullah (as), regarding a woman for whom two witnesses testified that her husband had died. She then remarried, but later her first husband returned. Imam (as) said: "The second husband owes her the dowry because he lawfully enjoyed her intimacy. The two witnesses are to be given the prescribed punishment (for false testimony) and held liable for the dowry due to having deceived the man. The woman must observe the waiting period ('iddah) and then return to her first husband."

3335 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنِ اَلْعَلاَءِ وَ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي رَجُلَيْنِ شَهِدَا عَلَى رَجُلٍ غَائِبٍ عِنْدَ اِمْرَأَتِهِ بِأَنَّهُ طَلَّقَهَا فَاعْتَدَّتِ اَلْمَرْأَةُ وَ تَزَوَّجَتْ ثُمَّ إِنَّ اَلزَّوْجَ اَلْغَائِبَ قَدِمَ فَزَعَمَ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يُطَلِّقْهَا وَ أَكْذَبَ نَفْسَهُ أَحَدُ اَلشَّاهِدَيْنِ فَقَالَ "لاَ سَبِيلَ لِلْأَخِيرِ عَلَيْهَا وَ يُؤْخَذُ اَلصَّدَاقُ مِنَ اَلَّذِي شَهِدَ وَ رَجَعَ فَيُرَدُّ عَلَى اَلْأَخِيرِ وَ يُفَرَّقُ بَيْنَهُمَا وَ تَعْتَدُّ مِنَ اَلْأَخِيرِ وَ لاَ يَقْرَبُهَا اَلْأَوَّلُ حَتَّى تَنْقَضِيَ عِدَّتُهَا".

Hadith.3335 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub reported from Al-Ala and Abu Ayyub, who narrated from Muhammad ibn Muslim, from Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), regarding two men who testified against an absent man in the presence of his wife, claiming that he had divorced her. The woman observed her waiting period (iddah) and then remarried. Later, the absent husband returned, asserting that he had not divorced her, and one of the witnesses admitted to lying. Imam (as) said: "The second husband has no claim over her, and the dowry is to be taken from the witness who retracted his testimony and returned to the second husband. They must be separated, and the woman must observe the waiting period (iddah) from the second husband. The first husband may not approach her until her waiting period has ended."

3336 - وَ رَوَى عَلِيُّ بْنُ مَطَرٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "إِنَّ شُهُودَ اَلزُّورِ يُجْلَدُونَ حَدّاً لَيْسَ لَهُ وَقْتٌ ذَلِكَ إِلَى اَلْإِمَامِ وَ يُطَافُ بِهِمْ حَتَّى يَعْرِفَهُمُ اَلنَّاسُ وَ قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ، ۝ وَ لاٰ تَقْبَلُوا لَهُمْ شَهٰادَةً أَبَداً وَ أُولٰئِكَ هُمُ اَلْفٰاسِقُونَ إِلاَّ اَلَّذِينَ تٰابُوا ۝ " قُلْتُ بِمَ تُعْرَفُ تَوْبَتُهُ قَالَ "يُكَذِّبُ نَفْسَهُ عَلَى رُءُوسِ اَلْأَشْهَادِ حَيْثُ يُضْرَبُ وَ يَسْتَغْفِرُ رَبَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَإِنْ هُوَ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ فَثَمَّ ظَهَرَتْ تَوْبَتُهُ".

Hadith.3336 - Ali ibn Matar narrated from Abdullah ibn Sinan, who reported from Abu Abdullah (as), that Imam (as) said: "False witnesses are subjected to a punishment of flogging, the duration of which is determined by the Imam. They are paraded so that people recognize them." Allah (swt), the Almighty, says: 'And do not accept their testimony ever, and those are the defiantly disobedient-except for those who repent.' (Surah An-Nur 24:4-5) I asked: 'How is their repentance recognized?' Imam (as) said: 'He must publicly declare his falsehood before the witnesses where he was punished, and seek forgiveness from his Lord (azj), the Almighty. If he does this, then his repentance becomes evident.'"

3337 - وَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : "لاَ يَنْقَضِي كَلاَمُ شَاهِدِ زُورٍ مِنْ بَيْنِ يَدَيِ اَلْحَاكِمِ حَتَّى يَتَبَوَّأَ مَقْعَدَهُ مِنَ اَلنَّارِ وَ كَذَلِكَ مَنْ كَتَمَ اَلشَّهَادَةَ".

Hadith.3337 - The Messenger of Allah (swt), peace and blessings be upon him and his family, said: "The speech of a false witness does not end before the judge without him having taken his seat in the Hellfire, and the same applies to one who conceals testimony."

3338 - وَ رَوَى صَالِحُ بْنُ مِيثَمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "مَا مِنْ رَجُلٍ يَشْهَدُ شَهَادَةَ زُورٍ عَلَى رَجُلٍ مُسْلِمٍ لِيَقْطَعَ مَالَهُ إِلاَّ كَتَبَ اَللَّهُ لَهُ مَكَانَهُ صَكّاً إِلَى اَلنَّارِ".

Hadith.3338 - Salih bin Mitham narrated from Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), who said: "There is no man who gives false testimony against a Muslim to seize his wealth except that Allah (swt) writes for him a decree to Hell in its place."

3339 - وَ رَوَى جَمِيلُ بْنُ دَرَّاجٍ عَمَّنْ أَخْبَرَهُ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ : "فِي اَلشُّهُودِ إِذَا شَهِدُوا عَلَى رَجُلٍ ثُمَّ رَجَعُوا عَنْ شَهَادَتِهِمْ وَ قَدْ قُضِيَ عَلَى اَلرَّجُلِ ضُمِّنُوا مَا شَهِدُوا بِهِ وَ غُرِّمُوا فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ قُضِيَ طُرِحَتْ شَهَادَتُهُمْ وَ لَمْ يُغَرَّمِ اَلشُّهُودُ شَيْئاً".

Hadith.3339 - Jamil bin Darraj narrated from someone who informed him about one of the Imams, peace be upon them, who said: "Regarding witnesses who testify against a man and then retract their testimony-if a judgment has already been passed against the man, the witnesses are held liable for what they testified and must pay compensation. However, if no judgment has been passed, their testimony is discarded, and the witnesses are not required to pay anything."

3340 - رَوَى عَبْدُ اَللَّهِ بْنُ أَبِي يَعْفُورٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "إِذَا رَضِيَ صَاحِبُ اَلْحَقِّ بِيَمِينِ اَلْمُنْكِرِ لِحَقِّهِ فَاسْتَحْلَفَهُ فَحَلَفَ أَنْ لاَ حَقَّ لَهُ قِبَلَهُ ذَهَبَتِ اَلْيَمِينُ بِحَقِّ اَلْمُدَّعِي وَ لاَ دَعْوَى لَهُ" قُلْتُ وَ إِنْ كَانَتْ لَهُ بَيِّنَةٌ عَادِلَةٌ قَالَ "نَعَمْ وَ إِنْ أَقَامَ بَعْدَ مَا اِسْتَحْلَفَهُ بِاللَّهِ خَمْسِينَ قَسَامَةً مَا كَانَ لَهُ حَقٌّ فَإِنَّ اَلْيَمِينَ قَدْ أَبْطَلَتْ كُلَّ مَا اِدَّعَاهُ قَبْلَهُ مِمَّا قَدِ اِسْتَحْلَفَهُ عَلَيْهِ".

Hadith.3340 - Abdullah bin Abi Ya'fur narrated from Abu Abdullah (as), who said: "If the claimant is satisfied with the oath of the defendant regarding his claim, and he requests the defendant to swear, and the defendant swears that there is no right due to the claimant upon him, then the oath nullifies the claimant's right, and he no longer has a claim." I said: "What if the claimant has a just and valid proof?" Imam (as) said: "Yes, even if he later presents fifty witnesses after having requested the defendant to swear by Allah (swt), he would have no right, for the oath has invalidated all previous claims for which he had requested the defendant to swear."

3341 - قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : "مَنْ حَلَفَ لَكُمْ بِاللَّهِ عَلَى حَقٍّ فَصَدِّقُوهُ وَ مَنْ سَأَلَكُمْ بِاللَّهِ فَأَعْطُوهُ ذَهَبَتِ اَلْيَمِينُ بِدَعْوَى اَلْمُدَّعِي وَ لاَ دَعْوَى لَهُ".

Hadith.3341 - The Messenger of Allah (swt), peace and blessings be upon him and his family, said: "Whoever swears to you by Allah (swt) regarding a right, then believe him, and whoever asks you in the name of Allah (swt), then give him. The oath is for the claimant, and there is no claim for him without it."

3342 - رَوَى أَبَانٌ عَنْ جَمِيلٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "إِذَا أَقَامَ اَلْمُدَّعِي اَلْبَيِّنَةَ فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ يَمِينٌ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يُقِمِ اَلْبَيِّنَةَ فَرَدَّ عَلَيْهِ اَلَّذِي اُدُّعِيَ عَلَيْهِ اَلْيَمِينَ فَأَبَى فَلاَ حَقَّ لَهُ ".

Hadith.3342 - Aban narrated from Jamil, from Abu Abdullah (as), who said: "If the claimant presents evidence, then no oath is required from him. However, if he does not present evidence and the defendant offers to take an oath, but the claimant refuses, then he has no right to his claim."

3344 - رَوَى شُعَيْبٌ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ ذَكَرَ : "أَنَّ عَلِيّاً عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَتَاهُ قَوْمٌ يَخْتَصِمُونَ فِي بَغْلَةٍ فَقَامَتِ اَلْبَيِّنَةُ لِهَؤُلاَءِ أَنَّهُمْ أَنْتَجُوهَا عَلَى مِذْوَدِهِمْ لَمْ يَبِيعُوا وَ لَمْ يَهَبُوا وَ قَامَتِ اَلْبَيِّنَةُ لِهَؤُلاَءِ أَنَّهُمْ أَنْتَجُوهَا عَلَى مِذْوَدِهِمْ لَمْ يَبِيعُوا وَ لَمْ يَهَبُوا فَقَضَى عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ بِهَا لِأَكْثَرِهِمْ بَيِّنَةً وَ اِسْتَحْلَفَهُمْ ".

Hadith.3344 - It is narrated by Shu'ayb from Abu Basir, from Abu Abdullah (as), that he mentioned: A group of people came to Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as), disputing ownership of a mule. Both parties presented evidence. One group claimed that they had raised it at their feeding trough, had neither sold it nor gifted it, and provided witnesses to support their claim. The other group also claimed that they had raised it at their feeding trough, had neither sold it nor gifted it, and provided their own witnesses. Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) ruled in favor of the group that had a greater number of witnesses and required them to take an oath to support their claim.