Man Lā Yaḥḍuruh al-Faqīh

4475 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "أَنَّهُ قَضَى فِي رَجُلٍ تَزَوَّجَ اِمْرَأَةً وَ أَصْدَقَتْهُ هِيَ وَ اِشْتَرَطَتْ عَلَيْهِ "أَنَّ بِيَدِهَا اَلْجِمَاعَ وَ اَلطَّلاَقَ" قَالَ "خَالَفَتِ اَلسُّنَّةَ وَ وُلِّيَتْ حَقّاً لَيْسَتْ بِأَهْلِهِ " فَقَضَى "أَنَّ عَلَيْهِ اَلصَّدَاقَ وَ بِيَدِهِ اَلْجِمَاعَ وَ اَلطَّلاَقَ وَ ذَلِكَ اَلسُّنَّةُ".

Hadith.4475 - Muhammad ibn Qays narrated from Abu Ja'far Imam Al-Baqir (as): Imam (as) ruled regarding a man who married a woman, and she gave him the dowry herself and stipulated that she would have the authority over intimacy and divorce. Imam (as) said: "She has opposed the Sunnah and has been given a right she is not entitled to." Then Imam (as) ruled: "The dowry is obligatory upon him, and the consummation and divorce are in his hands, as this is the Sunnah."

4476 - وَ قَضَى أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي اِمْرَأَتَيْنِ نَكَحَ إِحْدَاهُمَا رَجُلٌ ثُمَّ طَلَّقَهَا وَ هِيَ حُبْلَى ثُمَّ خَطَبَ أُخْتَهَا فَنَكَحَهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ تَضَعَ أُخْتُهَا اَلْمُطَلَّقَةُ وَلَدَهَا فَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يُطَلِّقَ اَلْأُخْرَى حَتَّى تَضَعَ أُخْتُهَا اَلْمُطَلَّقَةُ وَلَدَهَا ثُمَّ يَخْطُبُهَا وَ يُصْدِقُهَا صَدَاقَهَا مَرَّتَيْنِ ".

Hadith.4476 - Commander of the Faithful (as) ruled concerning two sisters: A man married one of them and then divorced her while she was pregnant. He then proposed to and married her sister before the divorced sister gave birth. Imam (as) ordered him to divorce the second sister until the first sister gave birth. After that, he could propose to the second sister again and pay her dowry twice.

4477 - : "وَ قَضَى أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "أَنْ تُنْكَحَ اَلْحُرَّةُ عَلَى اَلْأَمَةِ وَ لاَ تُنْكَحَ اَلْأَمَةُ عَلَى اَلْحُرَّةِ" وَ مَنْ تَزَوَّجَ حُرَّةً عَلَى أَمَةٍ قَسَمَ لِلْحُرَّةِ ضِعْفَيْ مَا يَقْسِمُ لِلْأَمَةِ مِنْ مَالِهِ وَ نَفْسِهِ وَ لِلْأَمَةِ اَلثُّلُثَ مِنْ مَالِهِ وَ نَفْسِهِ".

Hadith.4477 - Commander of the Faithful (as) ruled: "A free woman may be married before a bondwoman, but a bondwoman may not be married before a free woman." If a man marries a free woman along with a bondwoman, he must allocate to the free woman twice as much from his wealth and time as he allocates to the bondwoman, and the bondwoman is entitled to one-third of his wealth and time."

4478 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي رَجُلٍ تَزَوَّجَ ذِمِّيَّةً عَلَى مُسْلِمَةٍ قَالَ "يُفَرَّقُ بَيْنَهُمَا وَ يُضْرَبُ ثُمُنَ اَلْحَدِّ اِثْنَيْ عَشَرَ سَوْطاً وَ نِصْفاً فَإِنْ رَضِيَتِ اَلْمُسْلِمَةُ ضُرِبَ ثُمُنَ اَلْحَدِّ وَ لَمْ يُفَرَّقْ بَيْنَهُمَا" قُلْتُ كَيْفَ يُضْرَبُ اَلنِّصْفَ قَالَ "يُؤْخَذُ اَلسَّوْطُ بِالنِّصْفِ فَيُضْرَبُ بِهِ".

Hadith.4478 - Imam Abu Abdullah (as) was asked about a man who married a Dhimmi woman (non-Muslim under Muslim protection) while already married to a Muslim woman. Imam (as) said: "They should be separated, and he should be given one-eighth of the prescribed punishment, which amounts to twelve and a half lashes. However, if the Muslim woman consents to it, he should still receive one-eighth of the punishment, but they should not be separated." I asked: "How is half a lash administered?" Imam (as) replied: "The whip is held by its middle, and he is struck with it."

4479 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَلاَءٍ وَ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: "لاَ يَتَزَوَّجِ اَلْأَعْرَابِيُّ اَلْمُهَاجِرَةَ فَيُخْرِجَهَا مِنْ دَارِ اَلْهِجْرَةِ إِلَى اَلْأَعْرَابِ ".

Hadith.4479 - Imam Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) said: "An Arab man should not marry a Muhajira woman (a woman who migrated for the sake of faith) and then take her out of the land of migration to the land of the Arabs."

4480 - وَ رَوَى اِبْنُ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ غَيْرِ وَاحِدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ اَلرَّجُلُ تَكُونُ عِنْدَهُ اَلْمَرْأَةُ يَتَزَوَّجُ أُخْرَى أَ لَهُ أَنْ يُفَضِّلَهَا قَالَ "نَعَمْ إِنْ كَانَتْ بِكْراً فَسَبْعَةَ أَيَّامٍ وَ إِنْ كَانَتْ ثَيِّباً فَثَلاَثَةَ أَيَّامٍ".

Hadith.4480 - Muhammad ibn Muslim reported: I asked Imam Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) about a man who already has a wife and then marries another woman. I asked: "Is it permissible for him to give preference to her (the new wife)?" Imam (as) replied: "Yes, if she is a virgin, then seven days; and if she is previously married (a widow or divorced), then three days."

4481 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ اَلْكَرْخِيِّ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ لَهُ أَرْبَعُ نِسْوَةٍ فَهُوَ يَبِيتُ عِنْدَ ثَلاَثٍ مِنْهُنَّ فِي لَيَالِيهِنَّ وَ يَمَسُّهُنَّ فَإِذَا بَاتَ عِنْدَ اَلرَّابِعَةِ فِي لَيْلَتِهَا لَمْ يَمَسَّهَا فَهَلْ عَلَيْهِ فِي هَذَا إِثْمٌ قَالَ "إِنَّمَا عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَبِيتَ عِنْدَهَا فِي لَيْلَتِهَا وَ يَظَلَّ عِنْدَهَا صَبِيحَتَهَا وَ لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يُجَامِعَهَا إِذَا لَمْ يُرِدْ ذَلِكَ ".

Hadith.4481 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Ibrahim al-Karkhi, who said: I asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a man who has four wives and spends the night with three of them during their respective nights, and he has relations with them. However, when he spends the night with the fourth one on her night, he does not have relations with her. Is there any sin upon him in this matter? Imam (as) said: "It is only obligatory upon him to spend the night with her on her night and to remain with her until the morning. There is no obligation upon him to have relations with her if he does not wish to do so."

4482 - وَ رَوَى اَلْعَلاَءُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ تَكُونُ عِنْدَهُ اِمْرَأَتَانِ إِحْدَاهُمَا أَحَبُّ إِلَيْهِ مِنَ اَلْأُخْرَى قَالَ لَهُ "أَنْ يَأْتِيَهَا ثَلاَثَ لَيَالٍ وَ اَلْأُخْرَى لَيْلَةً فَإِنْ شَاءَ أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَ أَرْبَعَ نِسْوَةٍ كَانَ لِكُلِّ اِمْرَأَةٍ لَيْلَةٌ فَلِذَلِكَ كَانَ لَهُ أَنْ يُفَضِّلَ بَعْضَهُنَّ عَلَى بَعْضٍ مَا لَمْ يَكُنَّ أَرْبَعاً".

Hadith.4482 - Al-Alaa narrated from Muhammad ibn Muslim, who said: I asked him about a man who has two wives, one of whom is more beloved to him than the other. Imam (as) said: "He may spend three nights with her and one night with the other. However, if he wishes to marry four wives, then each wife is entitled to one night. Therefore, it is permissible for him to prefer some of them over others as long as they are not four."

4483 - وَ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "تَزَوَّجِ اَلْأَمَةَ عَلَى اَلْأَمَةِ وَ لاَ تَزَوَّجِ اَلْأَمَةَ عَلَى اَلْحُرَّةِ وَ تَزَوَّجِ اَلْحُرَّةَ عَلَى اَلْأَمَةِ فَإِنْ تَزَوَّجْتَ اَلْحُرَّةَ عَلَى اَلْأَمَةِ فَلِلْحُرَّةِ اَلثُّلُثَانِ وَ لِلْأَمَةِ اَلثُّلُثُ وَ لَيْلَتَانِ وَ لَيْلَةٌ".

Hadith.4483 - Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) said: "Marry a bondwoman alongside another bondwoman, but do not marry a bondwoman alongside a free woman. However, you may marry a free woman alongside a bondwoman. If you marry a free woman alongside a bondwoman, then the free woman is entitled to two-thirds, and the bondwoman to one-third, of both your wealth and your time, two nights for the free woman and one night for the bondwoman."

4484 - وَ رَوَى مُوسَى بْنُ بَكْرٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ: إِنَّ ضُرَيْساً كَانَتْ تَحْتَهُ اِبْنَةُ حُمْرَانَ فَجَعَلَ لَهَا أَنْ لاَ يَتَزَوَّجَ عَلَيْهَا وَ لاَ يَتَسَرَّى عَلَيْهَا أَبَداً فِي حَيَاتِهَا وَ لاَ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهَا عَلَى أَنْ جَعَلَتْ هِيَ أَنْ لاَ تَتَزَوَّجَ بَعْدَهُ وَ جَعَلاَ عَلَيْهِمَا مِنَ اَلْحَجِّ وَ اَلْهَدْيِ وَ اَلنُّذُورِ وَ كُلَّ مَالٍ لَهُمَا يَمْلِكَانِهِ فِي اَلْمَسَاكِينِ وَ كُلَّ مَمْلُوكٍ لَهُمَا حُرّاً إِنْ لَمْ يَفِ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا لِصَاحِبِهِ ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ أَتَى أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَذَكَرَ لَهُ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ "إِنَّ لاِبْنَةِ حُمْرَانَ حَقّاً وَ لَنْ يَحْمِلَنَا ذَلِكَ عَلَى أَنْ لاَ نَقُولَ اَلْحَقَّ اِذْهَبْ فَتَزَوَّجْ وَ تَسَرَّ فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ لَيْسَ بِشَيْءٍ" فَجَاءَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ فَتَسَرَّى فَوُلِدَ لَهُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ أَوْلاَدٌ.

Hadith.4484 - Musa ibn Bakr narrated from Zurara, who said: Durais had married the daughter of Humran, and he made a condition for her that he would neither marry another wife nor take a concubine over her, neither during her lifetime nor after her death. In return, she made a condition that she would not marry anyone after him. They also pledged that if either of them failed to fulfill their commitment, all their wealth, possessions, and slaves would be given as charity to the poor, and their slaves would be set free. Then, Durais went to Abu Abdillah (as) and mentioned this matter to him. Imam (as) said: "The daughter of Humran has her rights, but that will not prevent us from speaking the truth. Go and marry and take concubines, for this agreement has no binding effect." After that, Durais married and took a concubine, and children were born to him afterward.