Man Lā Yaḥḍuruh al-Faqīh

4395 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَلْحَمِيدِ بْنِ عَوَّاضٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَلْخَالِقِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلْمَرْأَةِ اَلثَّيِّبِ تَخْطُبُ إِلَى نَفْسِهَا قَالَ "هِيَ أَمْلَكُ بِنَفْسِهَا تُوَلِّي أَمْرَهَا مَنْ شَاءَتْ إِذَا كَانَ كُفْواً بَعْدَ أَنْ تَكُونَ قَدْ نَكَحَتْ زَوْجاً قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ ".

Hadith.4395 - It is narrated from Abdul Hamid ibn Awad, who reported from Abdul Khaliq, that he said: I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a previously married woman (thayyib) who arranges her own marriage proposal. He replied: "She has full authority over herself. She may entrust her affairs to whomever she wishes, provided he is a suitable match, as long as she has been married to a husband prior to this."

4396 - وَ رَوَى دَاوُدُ بْنُ سِرْحَانَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: فِي رَجُلٍ يُرِيدُ أَنْ يُزَوِّجَ أُخْتَهُ قَالَ "يُؤَامِرُهَا فَإِنْ سَكَتَتْ فَهُوَ إِقْرَارُهَا وَ إِنْ أَبَتْ لَمْ يُزَوِّجْهَا فَإِنْ قَالَتْ زَوِّجْنِي فُلاَناً فَلْيُزَوِّجْهَا مِمَّنْ تَرْضَى وَ اَلْيَتِيمَةُ فِي حَجْرِ اَلرَّجُلِ لاَ يُزَوِّجُهَا إِلاَّ مِمَّنْ تَرْضَى".

Hadith.4396 - It is narrated by Dawood ibn Sirhan from Abu Abdullah (as) that he said regarding a man who wishes to arrange the marriage of his sister: "He should consult her. If she remains silent, it is her consent, but if she refuses, he should not marry her off. If she says, 'Marry me to so-and-so,' then he should marry her to someone she approves of. As for an orphan girl under the care of a man, he should not marry her off except to someone she is pleased with."

4397 - وَ رَوَى اَلْفُضَيْلُ بْنُ يَسَارٍ وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ وَ زُرَارَةُ وَ بُرَيْدُ بْنُ مُعَاوِيَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: "اَلْمَرْأَةُ اَلَّتِي قَدْ مَلَكَتْ نَفْسَهَا غَيْرَ اَلسَّفِيهَةِ وَ لاَ اَلْمُوَلَّى عَلَيْهَا تَزْوِيجُهَا بِغَيْرِ وَلِيٍّ جَائِزٌ ".

Hadith.4397 - It is narrated by Al-Fudhayl ibn Yasar, Muhammad ibn Muslim, Zurara, and Burayd ibn Muawiyah from Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) who said: "A woman who has control over herself, is neither foolish nor under guardianship, her marriage without a guardian is permissible."

4398 - : وَ خَطَبَ أَبُو طَالِبٍ رَحِمَهُ اَللَّهُ لَمَّا تَزَوَّجَ اَلنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ ، خَدِيجَةَ بِنْتَ خُوَيْلِدٍ رَحِمَهَا اَللَّهُ بَعْدَ أَنْ خَطَبَهَا إِلَى أَبِيهَا وَ مِنَ اَلنَّاسِ مَنْ يَقُولُ إِلَى عَمِّهَا فَأَخَذَ بِعِضَادَتَيِ اَلْبَابِ وَ مَنْ شَاهَدَهُ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ حُضُورٌ فَقَالَ اَلْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ اَلَّذِي جَعَلَنَا مِنْ زَرْعِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَ ذُرِّيَّةِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ وَ جَعَلَ لَنَا بَيْتاً مَحْجُوجاً وَ "حَرَماً آمِناً يُجْبىٰ إِلَيْهِ ثَمَرٰاتُ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ" وَ جَعَلَنَا اَلْحُكَّامَ عَلَى اَلنَّاسِ فِي بَلَدِنَا اَلَّذِي نَحْنُ فِيهِ ثُمَّ إِنَّ اِبْنَ أَخِي مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اَلْمُطَّلِبِ لاَ يُوزَنُ بِرَجُلٍ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ إِلاَّ رَجَحَ وَ لاَ يُقَاسُ بِأَحَدٍ مِنْهُمْ إِلاَّ عَظُمَ عَنْهُ وَ إِنْ كَانَ فِي اَلْمَالِ قَلَّ فَإِنَّ اَلْمَالَ رِزْقٌ حَائِلٌ وَ ظِلٌّ زَائِلٌ وَ لَهُ فِي خَدِيجَةَ رَغْبَةٌ وَ لَهَا فِيهِ رَغْبَةٌ وَ اَلصَّدَاقُ مَا سَأَلْتُمْ عَاجِلُهُ وَ آجِلُهُ مِنْ مَالِي وَ لَهُ خَطَرٌ عَظِيمٌ وَ شَأْنٌ رَفِيعٌ وَ لِسَانٌ شَافِعٌ جَسِيمٌ فَزَوَّجَهُ وَ دَخَلَ بِهَا مِنَ اَلْغَدِ فَأَوَّلُ مَا حَمَلَتْ وَلَدَتْ عَبْدَ اَللَّهِ بْنَ مُحَمَّدٍ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ.

Hadith.4398 - When Abu Talib (as), may Allah (swt) have mercy upon him, arranged the marriage of the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) to Khadijah bint Khuwaylid {s.a}, may Allah (swt) have mercy upon her, after proposing to her through her father, or as some say, through her uncle. Abu Talib (as), stood by the doorposts, addressing the gathering of Quraysh who were present. Abu Talib (as) began by praising Allah (swt), saying: "All praise is due to Allah (swt), who made us from the progeny of Ibrahim and the descendants of Isma'il, who established for us a sacred house that is frequented (by pilgrims) and a secure sanctuary to which the fruits of all things are brought. He (swt) has made us the rulers over the people in our land. My nephew, Muhammad ibn Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib (sw), cannot be compared to any man of Quraysh except that He (sw) surpasses them in virtue, nor can He (sw) be equated with anyone except that He (sw) holds greater honor than them. Though He (sw) may possess little wealth, wealth is merely a fleeting provision and a transient shade. He (sw) has an interest in Khadijah {s.a}, and she {s.a} has an interest in Him (as). The dowry, whether its immediate or deferred portion, will be paid from my wealth. He (sw) holds a great position, a lofty status, and an eloquent and persuasive tongue." Following this address, Khadijah {s.a} was married to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family), and He (sw) consummated the marriage the following day. The first child she {s.a} bore for Him (sw) was Abdullah ibn Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him and his family).

4399 - : وَ لَمَّا تَزَوَّجَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ اَلرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ اِبْنَةَ اَلْمَأْمُونِ خَطَبَ لِنَفْسِهِ فَقَالَ " اَلْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ مُتِمِّ اَلنِّعَمِ بِرَحْمَتِهِ وَ اَلْهَادِي إِلَى شُكْرِهِ بِمَنِّهِ وَ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ خَيْرِ خَلْقِهِ اَلَّذِي جَمَعَ فِيهِ مِنَ اَلْفَضْلِ مَا فَرَّقَهُ فِي اَلرُّسُلِ قَبْلَهُ وَ جَعَلَ تُرَاثَهُ إِلَى مَنْ خَصَّهُ بِخِلاَفَتِهِ وَ سَلَّمَ تَسْلِيماً وَ هَذَا أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ زَوَّجَنِي اِبْنَتَهُ عَلَى مَا فَرَضَ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لِلْمُسْلِمَاتِ عَلَى اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ مِنْ إِمْسَاكٍ بِمَعْرُوفٍ أَوْ تَسْرِيحٍ بِإِحْسَانٍ وَ بَذَلْتُ لَهَا مِنَ اَلصَّدَاقِ مَا بَذَلَهُ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ لِأَزْوَاجِهِ وَ هُوَ اِثْنَتَا عَشْرَةَ أُوقِيَّةً وَ نَشٌّ وَ عَلَيَّ تَمَامُ اَلْخَمْسِمِائَةِ وَ قَدْ نَحَلْتُهَا مِنْ مَالِي مِائَةَ أَلْفٍ زَوَّجْتَنِي يَا أَمِيرَ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ" قَالَ بَلَى قَالَ "قَبِلْتُ وَ رَضِيتُ".

Hadith.4399 - When Imam Abu Ja'far Muhammad ibn Ali al-Ridha (as) married the daughter of al-Ma'mun, Imam (as) delivered the following sermon for himself: "All praise is due to Allah (swt), the Completer of blessings through His (swt) mercy, and the Guide to gratitude through His (swt) favor. May Allah (swt) send blessings upon Muhammad (sw), the best of His (swt) creation, in whom He (swt) gathered all virtues that He (swt) distributed among the previous messengers, and He (swt) entrusted his inheritance to those whom He (swt) chose for his succession. May Allah (swt) grant him peace and blessings in abundance. Here stands (your political ruler) Commander of Faithful, who has married me to his daughter in accordance with what Allah (swt), the Almighty and Glorious, has ordained for Muslim women over believing men, either to retain them honorably or to release them kindly. I have offered her as a dowry what the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) offered to his wives, which is twelve uqiyyah and a nashsh (approximately 500 dirhams). And I have added to it, from my own wealth, one hundred thousand (dirhams). O' (political ruler) Commander of the Faithful, you have married her to me, have you not?" He (al-Ma'mun) replied: "Yes." Imam (as) said: "I accept, and I am satisfied."

4400 - وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "مَنْ تَزَوَّجَ اِمْرَأَةً وَ لَمْ يَنْوِ أَنْ يُوَفِّيَهَا صَدَاقَهَا فَهُوَ عِنْدَ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ زَانٍ ".

Hadith.4400 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "Whoever marries a woman and does not intend to pay her dowry is, in the sight of Allah (swt), the Almighty and Glorious, considered a fornicator."

4401 - وَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "إِنَّ أَحَقَّ اَلشُّرُوطِ أَنْ يُوفَى بِهَا مَا اِسْتَحْلَلْتُمْ بِهِ اَلْفُرُوجَ".

Hadith.4401 - Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "Indeed, the most deserving of conditions to be fulfilled are those by which you make lawful access to private parts."

4402 - رُوِيَ عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ اَلْأَنْصَارِيِّ قَالَ: لَمَّا زَوَّجَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فَاطِمَةَ مِنْ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَتَاهُ نَاسٌ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ فَقَالُوا إِنَّكَ زَوَّجْتَ عَلِيّاً بِمَهْرٍ خَسِيسٍ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ "مَا أَنَا زَوَّجْتُ عَلِيّاً وَ لَكِنَّ اَللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ زَوَّجَهُ لَيْلَةً أَسْرَى بِي عِنْدَ سِدْرَةِ اَلْمُنْتَهَى " أَوْحَى اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَى اَلسِّدْرَةِ "أَنِ اُنْثُرِي" فَنَثَرَتِ اَلدُّرَّ وَ اَلْجَوْهَرَ عَلَى اَلْحُورِ اَلْعِينِ فَهُنَّ يَتَهَادَيْنَهُ وَ يَتَفَاخَرْنَ بِهِ وَ يَقُلْنَ هَذَا مِنْ نُثَارِ فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتِ مُحَمَّدٍ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فَلَمَّا كَانَتْ لَيْلَةُ اَلزِّفَافِ أَتَى اَلنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ بِبَغْلَتِهِ اَلشَّهْبَاءِ وَ ثَنَى عَلَيْهَا قَطِيفَةً وَ قَالَ لِفَاطِمَةَ عَلَيْهَا اَلسَّلاَمُ "اِرْكَبِي" وَ أَمَرَ سَلْمَانَ رَحِمَهُ اَللَّهُ أَنْ يَقُودَهَا وَ اَلنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ يَسُوقُهَا فَبَيْنَا هُوَ فِي بَعْضِ اَلطَّرِيقِ إِذْ سَمِعَ اَلنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ وَجْبَةً فَإِذَا هُوَ بِجَبْرَئِيلَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فِي سَبْعِينَ أَلْفاً وَ مِيكَائِيلَ فِي سَبْعِينَ أَلْفاً فَقَالَ اَلنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ "مَا أَهْبَطَكُمْ إِلَى اَلْأَرْضِ" قَالُوا جِئْنَا نَزُفُّ فَاطِمَةَ عَلَيْهَا اَلسَّلاَمُ إِلَى زَوْجِهَا وَ كَبَّرَ جَبْرَئِيلُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ وَ كَبَّرَ مِيكَائِيلُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ وَ كَبَّرَتِ اَلْمَلاَئِكَةُ وَ كَبَّرَ مُحَمَّدٌ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فَوُضِعَ اَلتَّكْبِيرُ عَلَى اَلْعَرَائِسِ مِنْ تِلْكَ اَللَّيْلَةِ.

Hadith.4402 - It is narrated from Jabir ibn Abdullah Al-Ansari that he said: When the Messenger of Allah (swt), peace be upon him and his family, married Sayyidah Fatimah {s.a} to Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as), peace be upon them, some people from Quraysh came to Him (sw) and said: "You have married Ali (as) with a trivial dowry." The Prophet, peace be upon him and his family, replied to them: "It was not I, who married Ali (as), but Allah (swt), Mighty and Majestic, married Him (as) to Her {s.a}. On the night I was taken on the Night Journey to the Sidrat al-Muntaha (Lote Tree at the Utmost Boundary), Allah (swt), the Mighty and Majestic, revealed to the Lote Tree, 'Scatter your ornaments.' It then scattered pearls and jewels upon the maidens of Paradise, who exchanged them as gifts and took pride in them, saying, 'This is from the scattering for Sayyidah Fatimah {s.a}, the daughter of Muhammad (sw), peace be upon him and his family.'" When the night of the wedding arrived, the Prophet, peace be upon him and his family, brought his grey mule and covered it with a cloak. He (sw) said to Sayyidah Fatimah {s.a}, peace be upon her, "Mount it." He (sw) then commanded Salman, may Allah (swt) have mercy on him, to lead it, while the Prophet, peace be upon him and his family, walked behind it. While they were on the way, the Prophet, peace be upon him and his family, heard a sound and saw Archangel Jibril (Gabriel) (as), descending with seventy thousand angels, and Mika'il (Michael), peace be upon him, with seventy thousand angels. The Prophet, peace be upon him and his family, said: "What has brought you down to earth?" They said: "We have come to escort Sayyida Fatimah {s.a}, peace be upon her, to her husband." Archangel Jibril (as) proclaimed "Allahu Akbar" (Allah (swt) is the Greatest), and Mika'il, peace be upon him, followed with the same proclamation, as did the angels. Then Muhammad (sw), peace be upon him and his family, also proclaimed "Allahu Akbar." From that night, the custom of proclaiming "Allahu Akbar" during weddings was established.

4403 - وَ رَوَى اَلسَّكُونِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: "زُفُّوا عَرَائِسَكُمْ لَيْلاً وَ أَطْعِمُوا ضُحًى".

Hadith.4403 - It is narrated by Al-Sakooni from Abu Abdullah (as), who said: "Escort your brides at night and serve food in the morning."

4404 - رَوَى مُوسَى بْنُ بَكْرٍ عَنْ أَبِي اَلْحَسَنِ اَلْأَوَّلِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ قَالَ: "لاَ وَلِيمَةَ إِلاَّ فِي خَمْسٍ فِي عُرْسٍ أَوْ خُرْسٍ أَوْ عِذَارٍ أَوْ وِكَارٍ أَوْ رِكَازٍ فَالْعُرْسُ اَلتَّزْوِيجُ وَ اَلْخُرْسُ اَلنِّفَاسُ بِالْوَلَدِ وَ اَلْعِذَارُ اَلْخِتَانُ وَ اَلْوِكَارُ اَلرَّجُلُ يَشْتَرِي اَلدَّارَ وَ اَلرِّكَازُ اَلرَّجُلُ يَقْدَمُ مِنْ مَكَّةَ ".

Hadith.4404 - It is narrated by Musa ibn Bakr from Imam Abu al-Hasan al-Awwal (as), peace be upon him, that the Messenger of Allah (swt), peace and blessings be upon him and his family, said: "There is no feast except on five occasions; at a wedding, at childbirth (nifas), at circumcision, when a man buys a house, and upon returning from Hajj." The wedding refers to marriage, childbirth refers to the postnatal period, circumcision refers to the act of circumcision, buying a house refers to acquiring a new home, and returning from Hajj refers to returning from pilgrimage to Mecca.