Book of Fasting
Chapter on the Recommended Fasts of the Year
1792 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ قَالَ قَالَ لِي أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : «إِذَا كَانَ فِي أَوَّلِ اَلشَّهْرِ خَمِيسَانِ فَصُمْ أَوَّلَهُمَا فَإِنَّهُ أَفْضَلُ وَ إِذَا كَانَ فِي آخِرِ اَلشَّهْرِ خَمِيسَانِ فَصُمْ آخِرَهُمَا فَإِنَّهُ أَفْضَلُ.
Hadith.1792 - In the narration of Abdullah ibn Sinan, he said:
"Abu Abdullah (Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as)) said to me: 'If there are two Thursdays at the beginning of the month, fast the first of them, for it is better. And if there are two Thursdays at the end of the month, fast the last of them, for it is better.'"
1793 - وَ سَأَلَ عِيصُ بْنُ اَلْقَاسِمِ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : عَمَّنْ لَمْ يَصُمِ اَلثَّلاَثَةَ مِنْ كُلِّ شَهْرٍ وَ هُوَ يَشْتَدُّ عَلَيْهِ اَلصِّيَامُ هَلْ فِيهِ فِدَاءٌ فَقَالَ «مُدٌّ مِنْ طَعَامٍ فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ ».
Hadith.1793 - Iys ibn al-Qasim asked Abu Abdullah (Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as)) about someone who does not fast the three days of every month and finds fasting difficult. Is there a compensation for this?
Imam (as) said: "A mudd (a measure) of food for each day."
1794 - وَ رَوَى اِبْنُ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ اَلْمُثَنَّى قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ إِنِّي قَدِ اِشْتَدَّ عَلَيَّ صَوْمُ ثَلاَثَةِ أَيَّامٍ فِي كُلِّ شَهْرٍ فَمَا يُجْزِي عَنِّي أَنْ أَتَصَدَّقَ مَكَانَ كُلِّ يَوْمٍ بِدِرْهَمٍ فَقَالَ «صَدَقَةُ دِرْهَمٍ أَفْضَلُ مِنْ صِيَامِ يَوْمٍ ».
Hadith.1794 - It is narrated by Ibn Muskan from Ibrahim ibn al-Muthanna, who said:
"I said to Abu Abdullah (Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as)): 'Fasting three days every month has become difficult for me. What would suffice for me? Can I give charity in place of each day, a dirham?'
Imam (as) said: 'Giving charity of a dirham is better than fasting a day.'"
1795 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنِ اَلْحَسَنِ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ أَوْ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ صَوْمُ ثَلاَثَةِ أَيَّامٍ فِي اَلشَّهْرِ أُؤَخِّرُهُ فِي اَلصَّيْفِ إِلَى اَلشِّتَاءِ فَإِنِّي أَجِدُهُ أَهْوَنَ عَلَيَّ فَقَالَ «نَعَمْ فَاحْفَظْهَا ».
Hadith.1795 - It is narrated by al-Hasan ibn Mahbub from al-Hasan ibn Abi Hamzah, who said:
"I said to Abu Ja‘far or Abu Abdullah (as): 'Can I delay fasting the three days of the month in the summer until the winter, as I find it easier for me then?'
Imam (as) said: 'Yes, but make sure to observe it.'"
1796 - وَ رَوَى اِبْنُ بُكَيْرٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ بِمَ جَرَتِ اَلسُّنَّةُ مِنَ اَلصَّوْمِ فَقَالَ «ثَلاَثَةِ أَيَّامٍ مِنْ كُلِّ شَهْرٍ، اَلْخَمِيسِ فِي اَلْعَشْرِ اَلْأُوَلِ وَ اَلْأَرْبِعَاءِ فِي اَلْعَشْرِ اَلْأَوْسَطِ وَ اَلْخَمِيسِ فِي اَلْعَشْرِ اَلْآخِرِ » قَالَ قُلْتُ هَذَا جَمِيعُ مَا جَرَتْ بِهِ اَلسُّنَّةُ فِي اَلصَّوْمِ فَقَالَ «نَعَمْ».
Hadith.1796 - It is narrated by Ibn Bukayr from Zurara, who said:
"I said to Abu Abdullah (Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as)): 'What is the prescribed practice for fasting?'
Imam (as) said: 'Three days in every month: the Thursday in the first ten days, the Wednesday in the middle ten days, and the Thursday in the last ten days.'
I said: 'Is this all that the prescribed practice includes for fasting?'
Imam (as) said: 'Yes.'"
1797 - وَ رَوَى دَاوُدُ اَلرَّقِّيُّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «لَإِفْطَارُكَ فِي مَنْزِلِ أَخِيكَ أَفْضَلُ مِنْ صِيَامِكَ سَبْعِينَ ضِعْفاً أَوْ تِسْعِينَ ضِعْفاً ».
Hadith.1797 - It is narrated by Dawud al-Raqqi from Abu Abdullah (Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as)), Imam (as) said:
"Breaking your fast at your brother's home is better than fasting seventy or even ninety times."
1798 - وَ رَوَى جَمِيلُ بْنُ دَرَّاجٍ عَنْهُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «مَنْ دَخَلَ عَلَى أَخِيهِ وَ هُوَ صَائِمٌ فَأَفْطَرَ عِنْدَهُ وَ لَمْ يُعْلِمْهُ بِصَوْمِهِ فَيَمُنَّ عَلَيْهِ كَتَبَ اَللَّهُ لَهُ صَوْمَ سَنَةٍ ».
Hadith.1798 - It is narrated by Jamil ibn Darraj from Abu Abdullah (as) that Imam (as) said:
"Whoever visits his brother while fasting, then breaks his fast at his house without informing him of his fasting to gain favor, Allah (swt) will write for him the reward of fasting a full year."
1799 - وَ رُوِيَ أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ اَلْعَالِمُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : عَنْ خَمِيسَيْنِ يَتَّفِقَانِ فِي آخِرِ اَلْعَشْرِ فَقَالَ «صُمِ اَلْأَوَّلَ فَلَعَلَّكَ لاَ تَلْحَقُ اَلثَّانِيَ ».
Hadith.1799 - It is narrated that the Scholar, (Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as)), was asked about two Thursdays that occur in the last ten days of the month.
Imam (as) said: "Fast the first one, for you may not live to see the second."
Book of Fasting
Chapter on Voluntary Fasting and Its Rewards on Different Days
1800 - سَأَلَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ وَ زُرَارَةُ بْنُ أَعْيَنَ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ اَلْبَاقِرَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : عَنْ صَوْمِ يَوْمِ عَاشُورَاءَ فَقَالَ «كَانَ صَوْمُهُ قَبْلَ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَلَمَّا نَزَلَ شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ تُرِكَ ».
Hadith.1800 - Muhammad ibn Muslim and Zurara ibn A‘yan asked Abu Ja‘far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) about fasting on the Day of Ashura.
Imam (as) said: "Its fasting was practiced before the Month of Ramadan, but when the Month of Ramadan was prescribed, it was abandoned."
1801 - وَ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : «مَنْ صَامَ يَوْماً تَطَوُّعاً أَدْخَلَهُ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ اَلْجَنَّةَ ».
Hadith.1801 - Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said that the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said:
"Whoever fasts a day voluntarily, Allah (swt), the Almighty, will admit him to Paradise."
