Man Lā Yaḥḍuruh al-Faqīh

71 - وَ سُئِلَ أَبُو اَلْحَسَنِ اَلرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: عَنْ رَجُلٍ اِحْتَاجَ إِلَى اَلْوُضُوءِ لِلصَّلاَةِ وَ لَمْ يَقْدِرْ عَلَى اَلْمَاءِ فَوَجَدَ مَاءً بِقَدْرِ مَا يَتَوَضَّأُ بِهِ بِمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ هَلْ يَجِبُ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَشْتَرِيَهُ وَ يَتَوَضَّأَ بِهِ أَوْ يَتَيَمَّمَ فَقَالَ «بَلْ يَشْتَرِي قَدْ أَصَابَنِي مِثْلُ ذَلِكَ فَاشْتَرَيْتُ وَ تَوَضَّأْتُ وَ مَا يَسُوؤُنِي بِذَلِكَ مَالٌ كَثِيرٌ.

Hadith.71 - Abu Al-Hasan Imam Ali ibn Musa Ar-Ridha (as) was asked about a man who needed to perform wudu for prayer but could not find water, except for a quantity of water worth a hundred dirhams. Should he buy it to perform wudu or should he perform tayammum (dry ablution)? Imam (as) said: ""Rather, he should buy it. I have experienced a similar situation, and I bought it and performed wudu and I would not mind having that money”.

72 - وَقَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «اِغْتَسَلَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ هُوَ وَ زَوْجَتُهُ مِنْ خَمْسَةِ أَمْدَادٍ مِنْ إِنَاءٍ وَاحِدٍ» فَقَالَ لَهُ زُرَارَةُ كَيْفَ صَنَعَ فَقَالَ «بَدَأَ هُوَ فَضَرَبَ يَدَهُ فِي اَلْمَاءِ قَبْلَهَا فَأَنْقَى فَرْجَهُ ثُمَّ ضَرَبَتْ هِيَ فَأَنْقَتْ فَرْجَهَا ثُمَّ أَفَاضَ هُوَ وَ أَفَاضَتْ هِيَ عَلَى نَفْسِهَا حَتَّى فَرَغَا وَ كَانَ اَلَّذِي اِغْتَسَلَ بِهِ اَلنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ ثَلاَثَةَ أَمْدَادٍ وَ اَلَّذِي اِغْتَسَلَتْ بِهِ مُدَّيْنِ وَ إِنَّمَا أَجْزَأَ عَنْهُمَا لِأَنَّهُمَا اِشْتَرَكَا فِيهِ جَمِيعاً وَ مَنِ اِنْفَرَدَ بِالْغُسْلِ وَحْدَهُ فَلاَ بُدَّ لَهُ مِنْ صَاعٍ. .

Hadith.72 - Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) said: "The Messenger of Allah (sw) and his wife performed ghusl using five amdad from one container." Zurarah then asked how it was done. Imam (as) said: "He started by immersing his hand in the water before hers and cleansed his private part. Then She did the same and cleansed her private part. After that, he poured water over himself, and She poured water over herself until they were finished. The amount that the Prophet used for ghusl was three amdad, while She used two muds. This was sufficient for both of them because they shared the same water. However, for someone who performs ghusl alone, they must use a saa'."

73 - وَقَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «إِنَّ اَلرَّجُلَ لَيَعْبُدُ اَللَّهَ أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً وَ مَا يُطِيعُهُ فِي اَلْوُضُوءِ لِأَنَّهُ يَغْسِلُ مَا أَمَرَ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بِمَسْحِهِ.

Hadith.73 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "A man may worship Allah (swt) for forty years but does not truly obey Him in wudu (ablution) because he washes what Allah (swt), Mighty and Majestic, commanded him to wipe."

74 - قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ اَلْبَاقِرُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «أَ لاَ أَحْكِي لَكُمْ وُضُوءَ رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ » فَقِيلَ لَهُ بَلَى فَدَعَا بِقَعْبٍ فِيهِ شَيْءٌ مِنْ مَاءٍ فَوَضَعَهُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ ثُمَّ حَسَرَ عَنْ ذِرَاعَيْهِ ثُمَّ غَمَسَ فِيهِ كَفَّهُ اَلْيُمْنَى ثُمَّ قَالَ «هَذَا إِذَا كَانَتِ اَلْكَفُّ طَاهِرَةً» ثُمَّ غَرَفَ مِلْأَهَا مَاءً ثُمَّ وَضَعَهُ عَلَى جَبْهَتِهِ وَقَالَ « بِسْمِ اَللَّهِ » وَ سَيَّلَهُ عَلَى أَطْرَافِ لِحْيَتِهِ ثُمَّ أَمَرَّ يَدَهُ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ وَ ظَاهِرِ جَبِينَيْهِ مَرَّةً وَاحِدَةً ثُمَّ غَمَسَ يَدَهُ اَلْيُسْرَى فَغَرَفَ بِهَا مِلْأَهَا ثُمَّ وَضَعَهُ عَلَى مِرْفَقِهِ اَلْيُمْنَى فَأَمَرَّ كَفَّهُ عَلَى سَاعِدِهِ حَتَّى جَرَى اَلْمَاءُ عَلَى أَطْرَافِ أَصَابِعِهِ ثُمَّ غَرَفَ بِيَمِينِهِ مِلْأَهَا فَوَضَعَهُ عَلَى مِرْفَقِهِ اَلْأَيْسَرِ فَأَمَرَّ كَفَّهُ عَلَى سَاعِدِهِ حَتَّى جَرَى اَلْمَاءُ عَلَى أَطْرَافِ أَصَابِعِهِ وَ مَسَحَ عَلَى مُقَدَّمِ رَأْسِهِ وَ ظَهْرِ قَدَمَيْهِ بِبِلَّةِ بَقِيَّةِ مَائِهِ.

Hadith.74 - Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) said: "Shall I not describe the ablution of the Messenger of Allah (sw) to you?" They replied: "Yes." He then called for a bowl containing some water and placed it in front of him. He rolled up his sleeves, dipped his right hand into the water, and said: "This is if the hand is pure." He then scooped a full handful of water, placed it on his forehead, "In the name of Allah (swt)," allowing the water to flow over the edges of his beard. Then he passed his hand over his face and the front of his temples once. He dipped his left hand into the water, scooped a full handful, and placed it on his right elbow, running his hand along his forearm until the water flowed over the tips of his fingers. He then scooped with his right hand again and placed it on his left elbow, running his hand along his forearm until the water flowed over the tips of his fingers. He then wiped the front of his head and the tops of his feet with the leftover moisture from the water.

75 - وَ رُوِيَ: «أَنَّ رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ تَوَضَّأَ ثُمَّ مَسَحَ عَلَى نَعْلَيْهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ اَلْمُغِيرَةُ أَ نَسِيتَ يَا رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ قَالَ «بَلْ أَنْتَ نَسِيتَ هَكَذَا أَمَرَنِي رَبِّي».

Hadith.75 - It was narrated that the Messenger of Allah (sw) performed wudu and then wiped over his sandals. Al-Mughirah said to him: "Did you forget, O’ Messenger of Allah (sw)?" He (sw) replied: "No, rather it is you who has forgotten. This is how my Lord (azj) commanded me."

76 - وَقَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «وَ اَللَّهِ مَا كَانَ وُضُوءُ رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ إِلاَّ مَرَّةً مَرَّةً وَ تَوَضَّأَ اَلنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ مَرَّةً مَرَّةً» فَقَالَ «هَذَا وُضُوءٌ لاَ يَقْبَلُ اَللَّهُ اَلصَّلاَةَ إِلاَّ بِهِ.

Hadith.76 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "By Allah (swt), the ablution of the Messenger of Allah (sw) was performed only once for each part, and The Prophet (sw) performed wudu once for each action." Imam (as) said: "This is an ablution that Allah (swt) does not accept the prayer without it”.

77 - بِإِسْنَادٍ مُنْقَطِعٍ يَرْوِيهِ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ اَلْأَحْوَلُ ذَكَرَهُ عَمَّنْ رَوَاهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «فَرَضَ اَللَّهُ اَلْوُضُوءَ وَاحِدَةً وَاحِدَةً وَ وَضَعَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ لِلنَّاسِ اِثْنَتَيْنِ اِثْنَتَيْنِ.

Hadith.77 - In a broken chain of narration, Abu Ja'far al-Ahwal recounts from those who narrated from Abu Abdullah (as) who said: "Allah (swt) made ablution (wudu) obligatory once for each action, but the Messenger of Allah (sw) prescribed it twice for the people”.

78 - وَ قَدْ رُوِيَ: «أَنَّ اَلْوُضُوءَ حَدٌّ مِنْ حُدُودِ اَللَّهِ لِيَعْلَمَ اَللَّهُ مَنْ يُطِيعُهُ وَ مَنْ يَعْصِيهِ وَ أَنَّ اَلْمُؤْمِنَ لاَ يُنَجِّسُهُ شَيْءٌ وَ إِنَّمَا يَكْفِيهِ مِثْلُ اَلدَّهْنِ.

Hadith.78 - It has been narrated (by Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) ) that: "Ablution is a limit set by Allah (swt) so that He may know who obeys Him and who disobeys Him. And a believer is not made impure by anything ; rather, something like oil is sufficient for him”.

79 - وَقَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «مَنْ تَعَدَّى فِي وُضُوئِهِ كَانَ كَنَاقِضِهِ.

Hadith.79 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "Whoever exceeds the prescribed limits in his ablution (wudu) is like one who nullifies it”.

80 - وَ فِي ذَلِكَ حَدِيثٌ آخَرُ بِإِسْنَادٍ مُنْقَطِعٍ رَوَاهُ عَمْرُو بْنُ أَبِي اَلْمِقْدَامِ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي مَنْ سَمِعَ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَقُولُ: «إِنِّي لَأَعْجَبُ مِمَّنْ يَرْغَبُ أَنْ يَتَوَضَّأَ اِثْنَتَيْنِ اِثْنَتَيْنِ وَ قَدْ تَوَضَّأَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ اِثْنَتَيْنِ اِثْنَتَيْنِ فَإِنَّ اَلنَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ كَانَ يُجَدِّدُ اَلْوُضُوءَ لِكُلِّ فَرِيضَةٍ وَ لِكُلِّ صَلاَةٍ.

Hadith.80 - In another narration with a broken chain, Amr ibn Abi al-Miqdam said: "I was informed by someone who heard Abu Abdullah (as) say: 'I am amazed at those who prefer to perform wudu twice, while the Messenger of Allah (sw) performed it twice. The Prophet (sw) would renew his ablution for each obligatory prayer and each prayer.'"