Man Lā Yaḥḍuruh al-Faqīh

651 - وَقَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «أَوَّلُ اَلْوَقْتِ رِضْوَانُ اَللَّهِ وَ آخِرُهُ عَفْوُ اَللَّهِ وَ اَلْعَفْوُ لاَ يَكُونُ إِلاَّ مِنْ ذَنْبٍ.

Hadith.651 - Imam (as) said: "The beginning of the time (for prayer) brings the pleasure of Allah (swt), while the end of it brings the forgiveness of Allah (swt), and forgiveness is only for a sin."

652 - وَقَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «لَفَضْلُ اَلْوَقْتِ اَلْأَوَّلِ عَلَى اَلْأَخِيرِ خَيْرٌ لِلْمُؤْمِنِ مِنْ وُلْدِهِ وَ مَالِهِ.

Hadith.652 - Imam (as) said: "The merit of performing (prayer) at the earliest time compared to the latest time is better for a believer than their children and wealth."

653 - وَ سَأَلَ زُرَارَةُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ اَلْبَاقِرَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: عَنْ وَقْتِ اَلظُّهْرِ فَقَالَ «ذِرَاعٌ مِنْ زَوَالِ اَلشَّمْسِ وَ وَقْتُ اَلْعَصْرِ ذِرَاعَانِ مِنْ وَقْتِ اَلظُّهْرِ فَذَاكَ أَرْبَعَةُ أَقْدَامٍ مِنْ زَوَالِ اَلشَّمْسِ» ثُمَّ قَالَ «إِنَّ حَائِطَ مَسْجِدِ رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ كَانَ قَامَةً وَ كَانَ إِذَا مَضَى مِنْهُ ذِرَاعٌ صَلَّى اَلظُّهْرَ وَ إِذَا مَضَى مِنْهُ ذِرَاعَانِ صَلَّى اَلْعَصْرَ » ثُمَّ قَالَ «أَ تَدْرِي لِمَ جُعِلَ اَلذِّرَاعُ وَ اَلذِّرَاعَانِ» قُلْتُ لِمَ جُعِلَ ذَلِكَ قَالَ «لِمَكَانِ اَلنَّافِلَةِ لَكَ أَنْ تَتَنَفَّلَ مِنْ زَوَالِ اَلشَّمْسِ إِلَى أَنْ يَمْضِيَ ذِرَاعٌ فَإِذَا بَلَغَ فَيْئُكَ ذِرَاعاً بَدَأْتَ بِالْفَرِيضَةِ وَ تَرَكْتَ اَلنَّافِلَةَ وَ إِذَا بَلَغَ فَيْئُكَ ذِرَاعَيْنِ بَدَأْتَ بِالْفَرِيضَةِ وَ تَرَكْتَ اَلنَّافِلَةَ.

Hadith.653 – Zurarah asked Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) about the timing of the Dhuhr (noon) prayer. Imam (as) replied: "It is one arm's length (shadow) from the sun's decline, and the time for Asr (afternoon) is two arm's lengths from the time of Dhuhr, which is four feet from the sun's decline." He then added, "The wall of the Prophet’s Mosque (sw) was as high as a person's stature, and when a shadow reached one arm's length, the Dhuhr prayer would be performed, and when it reached two arm's lengths, the Asr prayer would be performed." He then asked: "Do you know why the measure of one and two arm's lengths was set?" I said: "Why was that made so?" Imam (as) said: "It is for the sake of the supererogatory (nafilah) prayers. You may perform the supererogatory prayers from the sun's decline until the shadow reaches one arm's length; when it reaches one arm's length, you begin the obligatory prayer and leave the supererogatory prayer. When it reaches two arm's lengths, you begin the obligatory prayer and leave the supererogatory prayer."

654 - وَقَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ لِأَبِي بَصِيرٍ: «مَا خَدَعُوكَ فِيهِ مِنْ شَيْءٍ فَلاَ يَخْدَعُونَكَ فِي اَلْعَصْرِ صَلِّهَا وَ اَلشَّمْسُ بَيْضَاءُ نَقِيَّةٌ فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ قَالَ «اَلْمَوْتُورُ أَهْلَهُ وَ مَالَهُ مَنْ ضَيَّعَ صَلاَةَ اَلْعَصْرِ» قِيلَ وَ مَا اَلْمَوْتُورُ أَهْلَهُ وَ مَالَهُ قَالَ «لاَ يَكُونُ لَهُ أَهْلٌ وَ لاَ مَالٌ فِي اَلْجَنَّةِ » قِيلَ وَ مَا تَضْيِيعُهَا قَالَ «يَدَعُهَا وَ اَللَّهِ حَتَّى تَصْفَرَّ أَوْ تَغِيبَ اَلشَّمْسُ ».

Hadith.654 - Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) said to Abu Basir: "Whatever they may deceive you about, do not let them deceive you about the Asr prayer. Perform it while the sun is still white and clear, for the Messenger of Allah (sw) said: 'The one deprived of his family and wealth is the one who neglects the Asr prayer.' He was asked: 'What does it mean to be deprived of one's family and wealth?' Imam (as) said: 'It means that he will have no family or wealth in Paradise.' He was asked: 'What does it mean to neglect it?' Imam (as) said: 'By Allah (swt), it means leaving it until the sun turns yellow or sets.'"

655 - وَقَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «وَقْتُ اَلْمَغْرِبِ إِذَا غَابَ اَلْقُرْصُ.

Hadith.655 - Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) said: "The time for Maghrib (evening prayer) begins when the disk of the sun disappears."

656 - وَقَالَ سَمَاعَةُ بْنُ مِهْرَانَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فِي اَلْمَغْرِبِ إِنَّا رُبَّمَا صَلَّيْنَا وَ نَحْنُ نَخَافُ أَنْ تَكُونَ اَلشَّمْسُ خَلْفَ اَلْجَبَلِ أَوْ قَدْ سَتَرَنَا مِنْهَا اَلْجَبَلُ فَقَالَ لِي «لَيْسَ عَلَيْكَ صُعُودُ اَلْجَبَلِ.

Hadith.656 - Sama’a ibn Mehran said: "I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about performing the Maghrib prayer, saying, 'Sometimes we pray, fearing that the sun might still be behind the mountain or that the mountain might be covering it from our view.' Imam (as) said to me, 'You are not required to climb the mountain.'

657 - وَ رَوَى بَكْرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: أَنَّهُ سَأَلَهُ سَائِلٌ عَنْ وَقْتِ اَلْمَغْرِبِ فَقَالَ «إِنَّ اَللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وتَعَالَى يَقُولُ فِي كِتَابِهِ لِإِبْرَاهِيمَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ «فَلَمّٰا جَنَّ عَلَيْهِ اَللَّيْلُ رَأىٰ كَوْكَباً قٰالَ هٰذٰا رَبِّي» فَهَذَا أَوَّلُ اَلْوَقْتِ وَ آخِرُ ذَلِكَ غَيْبُوبَةُ اَلشَّفَقِ فَأَوَّلُ وَقْتِ اَلْعِشَاءِ اَلْآخِرَةِ ذَهَابُ اَلْحُمْرَةِ وَ آخِرُ وَقْتِهَا إِلَى غَسَقِ اَللَّيْلِ يَعْنِي نِصْفَ اَللَّيْلِ.

Hadith.657 - Bakar ibn Muhammad narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) that a person asked him about the timing of Maghrib. Imam (as) said: "Indeed, Allah (swt), Blessed and Exalted, mentions in His Book concerning Ibrahim (as), 'When the night covered him, he saw a star and said: "This is my Lord (azj)."' This marks the beginning of the Maghrib time. The end of this time is the disappearance of twilight (Shafaq). The start of the Isha prayer is marked by the fading of the redness (twilight), and its end extends until the middle of the night”.

658 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ: «وَقْتُ اَلْعِشَاءِ اَلْآخِرَةِ إِلَى ثُلُثِ اَللَّيْلِ.

Hadith.658 - In the narration of Muawiya ibn Ammar it is stated: "The time for the last Isha prayer extends until one-third of the night”.

659 - وَ رُوِيَ: «فِيمَنْ نَامَ عَنِ اَلْعِشَاءِ اَلْآخِرَةِ إِلَى نِصْفِ اَللَّيْلِ أَنَّهُ يَقْضِي وَ يُصْبِحُ صَائِماً عُقُوبَةً. وإنما وجب ذلك عليه لنومه عنها إلى نصف الليل.

Hadith.659 - It is narrated: "For one who sleeps through the last Isha prayer until the middle of the night, it is obligatory for him to make it up (as Qadha) and he should begin the next day fasting as a form of penance”.

660 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى اَلْخَثْعَمِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ - «كَانَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ يُصَلِّي اَلْمَغْرِبَ وَ يُصَلِّي مَعَهُ حَيٌّ مِنَ اَلْأَنْصَارِ يُقَالُ لَهُمْ بَنُو سَلِمَةَ مَنَازِلُهُمْ عَلَى نِصْفِ مِيلٍ فَيُصَلُّونَ مَعَهُ ثُمَّ يَنْصَرِفُونَ إِلَى مَنَازِلِهِمْ وَ هُمْ يَرَوْنَ مَوَاضِعَ سِهَامِهِمْ.

Hadith.660 - Muhammad ibn Yahya al-Khath'ami narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) that He said: "The Messenger of Allah (sw) used to perform the Maghrib prayer, and a group from the Ansar called Banu Salimah, whose homes were at a distance of half a mile, would pray with him. They would then return to their homes while they could still see the marks of their arrows”.