Man Lā Yaḥḍuruh al-Faqīh

1507 - وَ قَدْ قَالَ اَلنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ: «إِنَّ اَلشَّمْسَ وَ اَلْقَمَرَ آيَتَانِ مِنْ آيَاتِ اَللَّهِ يَجْرِيَانِ بِتَقْدِيرِهِ وَ يَنْتَهِيَانِ إِلَى أَمْرِهِ وَ لاَ يَنْكَسِفَانِ لِمَوْتِ أَحَدٍ وَ لاَ لِحَيَاةِ أَحَدٍ فَإِذَا اِنْكَسَفَ أَحَدُهُمَا فَبَادِرُوا إِلَى مَسَاجِدِكُمْ.

Hadith.1507 - The Prophet (sw) said: "Indeed, the sun and the moon are two signs from among the signs of Allah (swt). They move according to His decree and stop according to His command. They do not eclipse due to the death or life of anyone. So, when one of them eclipses, hasten to your mosques."

1508 - وَ اِنْكَسَفَتِ اَلشَّمْسُ عَلَى عَهْدِ أَمِيرِ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَصَلَّى بِهِمْ حَتَّى كَانَ اَلرَّجُلُ يَنْظُرُ إِلَى اَلرَّجُلِ قَدِ اِبْتَلَّتْ قَدَمُهُ مِنْ عَرَقِهِ.

Hadith.1508 - The sun was eclipsed during the time of Amir al-Mu'minin (as), and he led the people in prayer until a man could see another man whose feet were soaked with sweat.

1509 - وَ سَأَلَ عَبْدُ اَلرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ اَلصَّادِقَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: عَنِ اَلرِّيحِ وَ اَلظُّلْمَةِ تَكُونُ فِي اَلسَّمَاءِ وَ اَلْكُسُوفِ فَقَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ «صَلاَتُهُمَا سَوَاءٌ.

Hadith.1509 - Abdul-Rahman ibn Abi Abdullah asked Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) about windstorms, darkness in the sky, and eclipses. Imam (as) replied: "The prayer for all of them is the same”.

1510 - وَ فِي اَلْعِلَلِ اَلَّتِي ذَكَرَهَا اَلْفَضْلُ بْنُ شَاذَانَ رَحِمَهُ اَللَّهُ عَنِ اَلرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «وَ إِنَّمَا جُعِلَتْ لِلْكُسُوفِ صَلاَةٌ لِأَنَّهُ مِنْ آيَاتِ اَللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وتَعَالَى لاَ يُدْرَى أَ لِرَحْمَةٍ ظَهَرَتْ أَمْ لِعَذَابٍ فَأَحَبَّ اَلنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ أَنْ تَفْزَعَ أُمَّتُهُ إِلَى خَالِقِهَا وَ رَاحِمِهَا عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ لِيَصْرِفَ عَنْهُمْ شَرَّهَا وَ يَقِيَهُمْ مَكْرُوهَهَا كَمَا صَرَفَ عَنْ قَوْمِ يُونُسَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ حِينَ تَضَرَّعُوا إِلَى اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ إِنَّمَا جُعِلَتْ عَشْرَ رَكَعَاتٍ لِأَنَّ أَصْلَ اَلصَّلاَةِ اَلَّتِي نَزَلَ فَرْضُهَا مِنَ اَلسَّمَاءِ أَوَّلاً فِي اَلْيَوْمِ وَ اَللَّيْلَةِ إِنَّمَا هِيَ عَشْرُ رَكَعَاتٍ فَجُمِعَتْ تِلْكَ اَلرَّكَعَاتُ هَاهُنَا وَ إِنَّمَا جُعِلَ فِيهَا اَلسُّجُودُ لِأَنَّهُ لاَ تَكُونُ صَلاَةٌ فِيهَا رُكُوعٌ إِلاَّ وَ فِيهَا سُجُودٌ وَ لِأَنْ يَخْتِمُوا صَلاَتَهُمْ أَيْضاً بِالسُّجُودِ وَ اَلْخُضُوعِ وَ إِنَّمَا جُعِلَتْ أَرْبَعَ سَجَدَاتٍ لِأَنَّ كُلَّ صَلاَةٍ نَقَصَ سُجُودُهَا مِنْ أَرْبَعِ سَجَدَاتٍ لاَ تَكُونُ صَلاَةً لِأَنَّ أَقَلَّ اَلْفَرْضِ مِنَ اَلسُّجُودِ فِي اَلصَّلاَةِ لاَ يَكُونُ إِلاَّ أَرْبَعَ سَجَدَاتٍ وَ إِنَّمَا لَمْ يُجْعَلْ بَدَلَ اَلرُّكُوعِ سُجُودٌ لِأَنَّ اَلصَّلاَةَ قَائِماً أَفْضَلُ مِنَ اَلصَّلاَةِ قَاعِداً وَ لِأَنَّ اَلْقَائِمَ يَرَى اَلْكُسُوفَ وَ اَلْأَعْلَى وَ اَلسَّاجِدَ لاَ يَرَى وَ إِنَّمَا غُيِّرَتْ عَنْ أَصْلِ اَلصَّلاَةِ اَلَّتِي اِفْتَرَضَهَا اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لِأَنَّهُ تُصَلَّى لِعِلَّةِ تَغَيُّرِ أَمْرٍ مِنَ اَلْأُمُورِ وَ هُوَ اَلْكُسُوفُ فَلَمَّا تَغَيَّرَتِ اَلْعِلَّةُ تَغَيَّرَ اَلْمَعْلُولُ.

Hadith.1510 - In the explanations attributed to al-Fadl ibn Shadhan, narrated from Imam al-Ridha (as), He said: "The prayer for the eclipse was instituted because it is one of the signs of Allah (swt), Blessed and Exalted, and it is not known whether it appeared as a mercy or as a punishment. Therefore, The Prophet (sw) wanted his community to turn in supplication to their Creator and Merciful Lord (azj) at such moments so that He might avert its harm from them and protect them from its displeasure, just as He protected the people of Yunus (Jonah) when they turned to Allah (swt), the Mighty and Glorious, in supplication." He continued: "It was established with ten units of prayer because the original prayer, whose obligation was revealed from the heavens, initially consisted of ten units during the day and night, so these units were combined here. The inclusion of prostration is because any prayer that contains bowing must also contain prostration, and it serves to conclude their prayer with submission and humility. Four prostrations were specified because any prayer lacking four prostrations cannot be considered a valid prayer, as the minimum obligatory prostrations in a prayer are four. The reason that bowing (Ruku') was not substituted with prostration is that prayer standing up is superior to prayer sitting down, and because one standing can witness the eclipse above, whereas one in prostration cannot see it." He added: "The prayer for the eclipse was altered from the original form of prayer that Allah (swt), the Mighty and Glorious, had prescribed because it is performed due to a change in one of the natural phenomena, the eclipse. When the cause changes, the practice associated with it changes accordingly."

1511 - وَقَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «إِنَّ ذَا اَلْقَرْنَيْنِ لَمَّا اِنْتَهَى إِلَى اَلسَّدِّ جَاوَزَهُ فَدَخَلَ فِي اَلظُّلُمَاتِ فَإِذَا هُوَ بِمَلَكٍ قَائِمٍ عَلَى جَبَلٍ طُولُهُ خَمْسُمِائَةِ ذِرَاعٍ فَقَالَ لَهُ اَلْمَلَكُ يَا ذَا اَلْقَرْنَيْنِ أَ مَا كَانَ خَلْفَكَ مَسْلَكٌ فَقَالَ لَهُ ذُو اَلْقَرْنَيْنِ مَنْ أَنْتَ قَالَ أَنَا مَلَكٌ مِنْ مَلاَئِكَةِ اَلرَّحْمَنِ مُوَكَّلٌ بِهَذَا اَلْجَبَلِ وَ لَيْسَ مِنْ جَبَلٍ خَلَقَهُ اَللَّهُ إِلاَّ وَ لَهُ عِرْقٌ مُتَّصِلٌ بِهَذَا اَلْجَبَلِ فَإِذَا أَرَادَ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنْ يُزَلْزِلَ مَدِينَةً أَوْحَى إِلَيَّ فَزَلْزَلْتُهَا.

Hadith.1511 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "When Dhu al-Qarnayn reached the barrier (the wall), he passed beyond it and entered the darkness. There, he encountered an angel standing upon a mountain whose height was five hundred cubits. The angel said to him, 'O’ Dhu al-Qarnayn, was there no way back behind you?' Dhu al-Qarnayn asked: 'Who are you?' The angel replied: 'I am an angel from among the angels of the Most Merciful, assigned to this mountain. There is no mountain that Allah (swt) has created except that it has a root connected to this mountain. When Allah (swt), the Mighty and Glorious, intends to cause an earthquake in a city, He commands me, and I cause it to quake.'"

1512 - وَقَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «إِنَّ اَللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وتَعَالَى خَلَقَ اَلْأَرْضَ فَأَمَرَ اَلْحُوتَ فَحَمَلَتْهَا فَقَالَتْ حَمَلْتُهَا بِقُوَّتِي فَبَعَثَ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَيْهَا حُوتاً قَدْرَ فِتْرٍ فَدَخَلَتْ فِي مَنْخِرِهَا فَاضْطَرَبَتْ أَرْبَعِينَ صَبَاحاً فَإِذَا أَرَادَ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنْ يُزَلْزِلَ أَرْضاً تَرَاءَتْ لَهَا تِلْكَ اَلْحُوتَةُ اَلصَّغِيرَةُ فَزَلْزَلَتِ اَلْأَرْضَ فَرَقاً. وقد تكون الزلزلة من غير هذا الوجه.

Hadith.1512 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "Allah (swt), Blessed and Exalted, created the earth and commanded a great whale to carry it. The whale said: 'I carry it by my strength.' So, Allah (swt), the Mighty and Glorious, sent a smaller whale, the size of a fingertip, which entered its nostril, causing it to thrash and struggle for forty days. Whenever Allah (swt), the Mighty and Glorious, wills to cause an earthquake, that small whale appears before the larger whale, and the earth trembles out of fear."

1513 - وَقَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «إِنَّ اَللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وتَعَالَى أَمَرَ اَلْحُوتَ بِحَمْلِ اَلْأَرْضِ وَ كُلُّ بَلَدٍ مِنَ اَلْبُلْدَانِ عَلَى فَلْسٍ مِنْ فُلُوسِهِ فَإِذَا أَرَادَ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنْ يُزَلْزِلَ أَرْضاً أَمَرَ اَلْحُوتَ أَنْ يُحَرِّكَ ذَلِكَ اَلْفَلْسَ فَيُحَرِّكُهُ وَ لَوْ رُفِعَ اَلْفَلْسُ لاَنْقَلَبَتِ اَلْأَرْضُ بِإِذْنِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ.

Hadith.1513 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "Allah (swt), Blessed and Exalted, commanded the whale to carry the earth, and each land among the lands rests on one of its scales. When Allah (swt), the Mighty and Glorious, wills to cause an earthquake in a land, He commands the whale to move that specific scale, and it moves. If the scale were lifted, the earth would be overturned by the permission of Allah (swt), the Mighty and Glorious."

1514 - وَ سَأَلَ سُلَيْمَانُ اَلدَّيْلَمِيُّ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: عَنِ اَلزَّلْزَلَةِ مَا هِيَ فَقَالَ «آيَةٌ» فَقَالَ وَ مَا سَبَبُهَا قَالَ «إِنَّ اَللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وتَعَالَى وَكَّلَ بِعُرُوقِ اَلْأَرْضِ مَلَكاً فَإِذَا أَرَادَ اَللَّهُ أَنْ يُزَلْزِلَ أَرْضاً أَوْحَى إِلَى ذَلِكَ اَلْمَلَكِ أَنْ حَرِّكْ عِرْقَ كَذَا وَ كَذَا» قَالَ «فَيُحَرِّكُ ذَلِكَ اَلْمَلَكُ عِرْقَ تِلْكَ اَلْأَرْضِ اَلَّتِي أَمَرَ اَللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وتَعَالَى فَتَتَحَرَّكُ بِأَهْلِهَا» قَالَ قُلْتُ فَإِذَا كَانَ ذَلِكَ فَمَا أَصْنَعُ قَالَ «صَلِّ صَلاَةَ اَلْكُسُوفِ فَإِذَا فَرَغْتَ خَرَرْتَ لِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ سَاجِداً وَ تَقُولُ فِي سُجُودِكَ يَا مَنْ «يُمْسِكُ اَلسَّمٰاوٰاتِ وَ اَلْأَرْضَ أَنْ تَزُولاٰ وَ لَئِنْ زٰالَتٰا إِنْ أَمْسَكَهُمٰا مِنْ أَحَدٍ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ إِنَّهُ كٰانَ حَلِيماً غَفُوراً» يَا مَنْ «يُمْسِكُ اَلسَّمٰاءَ أَنْ تَقَعَ عَلَى اَلْأَرْضِ إِلاّٰ بِإِذْنِهِ» أَمْسِكْ عَنَّا اَلسُّوءَ «إِنَّكَ عَلىٰ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ».

Hadith.1514 - Sulaiman al-Daylami asked Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) about earthquakes and what they are. Imam (as) said: "It is a sign." Sulaiman then asked: "What is its cause?" Imam (as) said: "Allah (swt), Blessed and Exalted, has assigned an angel to the veins (roots) of the earth. When Allah (swt) wishes to cause an earthquake in a land, He commands that angel to move a specific vein." Imam continued, "The angel moves that vein of the land which Allah (swt) has commanded, and it shakes along with its inhabitants." Sulaiman asked: "What should I do when that happens?" Imam (as) replied: "Pray the Prayer of the Eclipse (Salat al-Kusuf), and when you have completed it, fall into prostration to Allah (swt), the Mighty and Glorious, and say in your prostration: Yumsiku as-samāwāti wa al-arḍa an tazūlā, wa la’in zālatā in amsakahumā min aḥadin min ba‘dihi, innahu kāna ḥalīman ghafūrā.Yā man "yumsiku as-samā’a an taqa‘a ‘ala al-arḍi illa bi-idhnihi," amsik ‘annā as-sū’a innaka ‘alā kulli shay’in qadīr. 'O’ He who holds the heavens and the earth lest they should fall apart, and if they were to fall apart, none would hold them except Him. Truly, He is Most Forbearing, Oft-Forgiving. O’ He who holds the heaven from falling upon the earth except by His permission, withhold harm from us, for You have power over all things.'"

1515 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ قَالَ: كَتَبْتُ إِلَى أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ وَ شَكَوْتُ إِلَيْهِ كَثْرَةَ اَلزَّلاَزِلِ فِي اَلْأَهْوَازِ وَ قُلْتُ تَرَى لِيَ اَلتَّحْوِيلَ عَنْهَا فَكَتَبَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ «لاَ تَتَحَوَّلُوا عَنْهَا وَ صُومُوا اَلْأَرْبِعَاءَ وَ اَلْخَمِيسَ وَ اَلْجُمُعَةَ وَ اِغْتَسِلُوا وَ طَهِّرُوا ثِيَابَكُمْ وَ اُبْرُزُوا يَوْمَ اَلْجُمُعَةِ وَ اُدْعُوا اَللَّهَ فَإِنَّهُ يَرْفَعُ عَنْكُمْ» قَالَ فَفَعَلْنَا فَسَكَنَتِ اَلزَّلاَزِلُ.

Hadith.1515 - It is narrated from Ali ibn Mahziyar who said: "I wrote to Abu Ja'far (as) and complained to him about the frequent earthquakes in Ahwaz and asked him, 'Do you think I should move away from there?' He (as) wrote back, 'Do not move away from there. Fast on Wednesday, Thursday, and Jumu’ah, perform ghusl (ritual purification), purify your clothes, and go out on Jumu’ah to pray to Allah (swt), for He will lift it (the earthquakes) from you.' Ali ibn Mahziyar continued, 'We did as he instructed, and the earthquakes subsided.'"

1516 - وَقَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «إِنَّ اَلصَّاعِقَةَ تُصِيبُ اَلْمُؤْمِنَ وَ اَلْكَافِرَ وَ لاَ تُصِيبُ ذَاكِراً.

Hadith.1516 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "The lightning strike can affect both the believer and the disbeliever, but it does not strike one who is engaged in the remembrance (of Allah (swt))."