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Prayer During Travel
1269 - وَ رَوَى مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ وَهْبٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «إِذَا دَخَلْتَ بَلَداً وَ أَنْتَ تُرِيدُ اَلْمُقَامَ عَشَرَةَ أَيَّامٍ فَأَتِمَّ اَلصَّلاَةَ حِينَ تَقْدَمُ وَ إِنْ أَرَدْتَ اَلْمُقَامَ دُونَ اَلْعَشَرَةِ فَقَصِّرْ وَ إِنْ أَقَمْتَ تَقُولُ غَداً أَخْرُجُ وَ بَعْدَ غَدٍ وَ لَمْ تُجْمِعْ عَلَى عَشَرَةٍ فَقَصِّرْ مَا بَيْنَكَ وَ بَيْنَ شَهْرٍ فَإِذَا تَمَّ اَلشَّهْرُ فَأَتِمَّ اَلصَّلاَةَ» قَالَ قُلْتُ إِنْ دَخَلْتُ بَلَداً أَوَّلَ يَوْمٍ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَ لَسْتُ أُرِيدُ أَنْ أُقِيمَ عَشْراً فَقَالَ «قَصِّرْ وَ أَفْطِرْ» قُلْتُ فَإِنْ مَكَثْتُ كَذَلِكَ أَقُولُ غَداً أَوْ بَعْدَ غَدٍ فَأُفْطِرُ اَلشَّهْرَ كُلَّهُ وَ أَقْصُرُ قَالَ «نَعَمْ هَذَا وَاحِدٌ إِذَا قَصَرْتَ أَفْطَرْتَ وَ إِذَا أَفْطَرْتَ قَصَرْتَ.
Hadith.1269 – Mu'awiyah ibn Wahb reported from Imam Abu Abdullah (as) that He said:
"If you enter a town and intend to stay there for ten days, then you must perform the full prayer as soon as you arrive. But if you intend to stay for less than ten days, you should shorten the prayer. If you keep saying 'Tomorrow I will leave' and 'The day after tomorrow' without deciding to stay for ten days, then you continue to shorten the prayer until it reaches a month ; after a month, you should perform the full prayer."
He (the narrator) said: "I asked: If I enter a town on the first day of Ramadan and I do not intend to stay for ten days, what should I do?"
Imam (as) replied: "Shorten your prayer and break your fast."
He (the narrator) asked: "If I continue in this state, always saying 'Tomorrow' or 'The day after tomorrow,' should I break the fast for the entire month and continue to shorten my prayers?"
Imam (as) said: "Yes, it is one rule: If you shorten your prayer, you break your fast, and if you break your fast, you shorten your prayer."
1270 - وَقَالَ أَبُو وَلاَّدٍ اَلْحَنَّاطُ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ إِنِّي كُنْتُ نَوَيْتُ حِينَ دَخَلْتُ اَلْمَدِينَةَ أَنْ أُقِيمَ بِهَا عَشْراً فَأَتْمَمْتُ اَلصَّلاَةَ ثُمَّ بَدَا لِي أَنْ لاَ أُقِيمَ بِهَا فَمَا تَرَى لِي أُتِمُّ أَمْ أَقْصُرُ فَقَالَ لِي «إِنْ كُنْتَ دَخَلْتَ اَلْمَدِينَةَ وَ صَلَّيْتَ بِهَا صَلاَةً وَاحِدَةً فَرِيضَةً بِتَمَامٍ فَلَيْسَ لَكَ أَنْ تَقْصُرَ حَتَّى تَخْرُجَ مِنْهَا وَ إِنْ كُنْتَ حِينَ دَخَلْتَهَا عَلَى نِيَّتِكَ فِي اَلتَّمَامِ وَ لَمْ تُصَلِّ فِيهَا صَلاَةً فَرِيضَةً وَاحِدَةً بِتَمَامٍ حَتَّى بَدَا لَكَ أَنْ لاَ تُقِيمَ فَأَنْتَ فِي تِلْكَ اَلْحَالِ بِالْخِيَارِ إِنْ شِئْتَ فَانْوِ اَلْمُقَامَ عَشْراً وَ أَتِمَّ وَ إِنْ لَمْ تَنْوِ اَلْمُقَامَ عَشْراً فَقَصِّرْ مَا بَيْنَكَ وَ بَيْنَ شَهْرٍ فَإِذَا مَضَى لَكَ شَهْرٌ فَأَتِمَّ اَلصَّلاَةَ.
Hadith.1270 - Abu Walad al-Hannat said :
I said to Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as):
"When I entered Medina, I intended to stay there for ten days, so I completed my prayers (performed full prayers). Then it occurred to me not to stay for ten days. What should I do? Should I continue performing full prayers or shorten them?"
Imam (as) said: "If you entered Medina and prayed a single obligatory prayer with completion (full prayer), then you must continue performing the full prayer until you leave the city. However, if, upon entering, your intention was to perform full prayers but you had not yet prayed a single obligatory prayer in full before changing your intention not to stay, then you have the option: if you wish, you can intend to stay for ten days and perform full prayers, or if you do not intend to stay for ten days, you may shorten your prayers until a month has passed. If a month passes, then you must perform full prayers."
1271 - وَ سَأَلَ زُرَارَةُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَخْرُجُ مَعَ اَلْقَوْمِ فِي سَفَرٍ يُرِيدُهُ فَدَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ اَلْوَقْتُ وَ قَدْ خَرَجَ مِنَ اَلْقَرْيَةِ عَلَى فَرْسَخَيْنِ فَصَلَّوْا وَ اِنْصَرَفَ بَعْضُهُمْ فِي حَاجَةٍ فَلَمْ يُقْضَ لَهُمُ اَلْخُرُوجُ مَا يَصْنَعُ بِالصَّلاَةِ اَلَّتِي كَانَ صَلاَّهَا رَكْعَتَيْنِ
قَالَ «تَمَّتْ صَلاَتُهُ وَ لاَ يُعِيدُ.
Hadith.1271 – Zurarah asked Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) about a man who sets out with a group of people for a journey that he intends to complete. The time for prayer enters while they have already departed from the village by a distance of two farsakhs (approximately six miles) and they perform their prayers (as two units). Some of them then turn back for a specific need, and they are unable to continue their journey. What should be done about the prayer that was performed as two units?
Imam (as) said: "His prayer is complete and he does not need to repeat it”.
1272 - وَقَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ: «مَنْ صَلَّى فِي اَلسَّفَرِ أَرْبَعاً فَأَنَا إِلَى اَللَّهِ مِنْهُ بَرِيءٌ.
يعني: متعمدا.
Hadith.1272 - The Messenger of Allah (sw) said:
"Whoever performs four units of prayer during travel, I disassociate myself from him in front of Allah (swt)”.
1273 - وَقَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «اَلْمُتَمِّمُ فِي اَلسَّفَرِ كَالْمُقَصِّرِ فِي اَلْحَضَرِ.
Hadith.1273 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said:
"One who prays in full (without shortening) while traveling is like the one who shortens (prayer) while residing (at home)."
1274 - وَ سَأَلَهُ أَبُو بَصِيرٍ: عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يُصَلِّي فِي اَلسَّفَرِ أَرْبَعَ رَكَعَاتٍ نَاسِياً قَالَ «إِنْ ذَكَرَ فِي ذَلِكَ اَلْيَوْمِ فَلْيُعِدْ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَذْكُرْ حَتَّى يَمْضِيَ ذَلِكَ اَلْيَوْمُ فَلاَ إِعَادَةَ عَلَيْهِ.
Hadith.1274 - Abu Basir asked Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) about a man who, while traveling, prays four rak'ahs (instead of two) out of forgetfulness.
The Imam said: "If he remembers it on that same day, he should repeat (the prayer). If he does not remember until the day has passed, then there is no need for him to repeat it”.
1275 - وَ رَوَى زُرَارَةُ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «أَرْبَعَةٌ يَجِبُ عَلَيْهِمُ اَلتَّمَامُ فِي اَلسَّفَرِ كَانُوا أَوْ فِي اَلْحَضَرِ اَلْمُكَارِي وَ اَلْكَرِيُّ وَ اَلرَّاعِي وَ اَلْأَشْتَقَانُ لِأَنَّهُ عَمَلُهُمْ.
وَ رُوِيَ: «اَلْمَلاَّحُ وَ اَلْأَشْتَقَانُ اَلْبَرِيدُ.
Hadith.1275 - Zurarah narrated from Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) that He said: "There are four categories of people who are required to offer the full (complete) prayer whether they are traveling or at home: the mule driver (al-Mukari), the camel driver (al-Karri), the shepherd, and al-Ashtaqan (those who constantly travel as part of their work). This is because it is their work (which involves constant travel)."
It was also narrated: "The sailor (al-Mallah) and al-Ashtaqan (a type of courier or mail carrier) are also included."
1276 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «لَيْسَ عَلَى اَلْمَلاَّحِينَ فِي سُفُنِهِمْ تَقْصِيرٌ وَ لاَ عَلَى اَلْمُكَارِي وَ اَلْجَمَّالِ.
Hadith.1276 - Muhammad ibn Muslim narrated from one of the Imams (as) that He said:
"There is no shortening of the prayer for sailors on their ships, nor for the mule drivers (al-Mukari) and camel drivers (al-Jammal)."
1277 - وَ رَوَى عَبْدُ اَللَّهِ بْنُ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «اَلْمُكَارِي إِذَا لَمْ يَسْتَقِرَّ فِي مَنْزِلِهِ إِلاَّ خَمْسَةَ أَيَّامٍ أَوْ أَقَلَّ قَصَّرَ فِي سَفَرِهِ بِالنَّهَارِ وَ أَتَمَّ صَلاَةَ اَللَّيْلِ، وَ عَلَيْهِ صَوْمُ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَإِنْ كَانَ لَهُ مُقَامٌ فِي اَلْبَلَدِ اَلَّذِي يَذْهَبُ عَشَرَةَ أَيَّامٍ أَوْ أَكْثَرَ وَ يَنْصَرِفُ إِلَى مَنْزِلِهِ وَ يَكُونُ لَهُ مُقَامُ عَشَرَةِ أَيَّامٍ أَوْ أَكْثَرَ قَصَّرَ فِي سَفَرِهِ وَ أَفْطَرَ.
Hadith.1277 - Abdullah ibn Sinan narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) who said:
"If a mule driver (al-Mukari) does not stay in his home for more than five days or less, he should shorten his prayer while traveling during the day but offer the complete prayer at night. He is also required to observe the fast of the month of Ramadan. If he has a stay of ten days or more in the town he goes to and then returns to his home with another stay of ten days or more, then he should shorten the prayer while traveling and break his fast."
1278 - وَقَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «اَلْجَمَّالُ وَ اَلْمُكَارِي إِذَا جَدَّ بِهِمَا اَلسَّيْرُ قَصَّرَا فِيمَا بَيْنَ اَلْمَنْزِلَيْنِ وَ أَتَمَّا فِي اَلْمَنْزِلَيْنِ.
Hadith.1278 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said:
"The camel driver (al-Jammal) and the mule driver (al-Mukari) should shorten their prayers while traveling between their stopping places, but when they reach their stopping places, they should offer the complete prayers”.
