Maʿānī al-ʾAkhbār

قال عبد الرحمن بن العباس - ورفعه - قال: سأل معاوية الحسن بن علي عليهما السلام عن المروءة فقال: شح الرجل على دينه، وإصلاحه ماله، وقيامه بالحقوق. فقال معاوية: أحسنت يا أبا محمد أحسنت يا أبا محمد. قال: فكان معاوية يقول بعد ذلك: وددت أن يزيد قالها وإنه كان أعور.

2. Abdul-Rahman bin Abbas said, and he ascribed it, saying: Mua’wiya asked Hasan bin Ali, peace be upon them both, about manliness, so he said: A man’s avariciousness towards his religion, his rectification of his property and establishment of rights. Mu’awiya then said: You did well, O father of Muhammed! You did well, O father of Muhammed! He said: Mu’awiya then used to say after that: I had wished that Yazid said it [1], and he was, indeed, half-blinded.

حدثنا أبي - رحمه الله - قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله، عن أحمد بن محمد بن خالد عن إسماعيل بن مهران، عن أيمن بن محرز، عن معاوية بن وهب، عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلام قال: كان الحسن بن علي عليهما السلام في نفر من أصحابه عند معاوية فقال له: يا أبا محمد أخبرني عن المروءة فقال: حفظ الرجل دينه، وقيامه في إصلاح ضيعته، وحسن منازعته، وإفشاء السلام، ولين الكلام، والكف، والتحبب إلى الناس.

3. We were told by my father, may Allah grant him mercy, that he said: We were told by Sa’d bin Abdullah, from Ahmad bin Muhammed bin Khalid, from Isma’eel bin Mahran, from Ayman bin Muhriz, from Mu’awiya bin Wahab, from Abu Abdillah, peace be upon him, that he said: Hasan bin Ali, peace be upon them both, was among a group of his companions at the presence of Mu’awiya, and he said to him: O father of Muhammed, inform me about manliness. He said: A man’s preservation of his religion, his act of rectifying his land, his good manner during quarreling, the spreading of peace, the leniency of speech, maintaining abstinence and endearment to people.

وبهذا الاسناد، عن أحمد بن محمد، عن بعض أصحابنا رفعه إلى سعد بن طريف، عن الأصبغ بن نباتة، عن الحارث الأعور، قال: قال أمير المؤمنين صلوات الله عليه للحسن ابنه عليه السلام: يا بني ما المروءة؟ فقال: العفاف وإصلاح المال.

4. With this chain of narrators, from Ahmad bin Muhammed, from some of our companions, that he ascribed it to Sa’d bin Turaif, from Asbagh bin Nubata, from Harith, the half-blinded, that he said: The Commander of the Believers, Allah’s blessings be upon him, said to Hasan, his son, peace be upon him: O my son, what is manliness? He said: Chasteness and rectification of property.

وبهذا الاسناد، عن أحمد بن محمد، عن علي بن حفص الجوهري ولقبه القرشي عن رجل من الكوفيين من أصحابنا يقال له: إبراهيم قال: سئل الحسن عليه السلام عن المروءة فقال: العفاف في الدين، وحسن التقدير في المعيشة، والصبر على النائبة.

5. With this chain of narrators, from Ahmad bin Muhammed, from Ali bin Hafs al-Jawhari, whose title is al-Qurashi, from a man from the Kufis of our companions, who is called Ibrahim, that he said: Hasan, peace be upon him, was asked about manliness, so he said: Chasteness with regards to religion, good dealing with regards to livelihood and patience during misfortunes.

وبهذا الاسناد، عن أحمد بن محمد، عن إسماعيل بن مهران، عن صالح بن سعيد، عن أبان بن تغلب، عن أبي جعفر عليه السلام قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله: المروءة استصلاح المال.

6. With this chain of narrators, from Ahmad bin Muhammed, from Isma’eel bin Mahran, from Saleh bin Sa’eed, from Aban bin Taghlib, from Abu Ja’far, peace be upon him, that he said: The Messenger of Allah, Allah’s blessings be upon him and his Family, said: Manliness is to seek rectification of property.

وبهذا الاسناد، عن أحمد بن محمد، عن محمد بن عيسى، عن عبد الله بن عمر بن حماد الأنصاري رفعه قال: قال أبو عبد الله عليه السلام: تعاهد الرجل ضيعته من المروءة.

7. With this chain of narrators, from Ahmad bin Muhammed, from Muhammed bin Isa, from Abdullah bin Umar bin Hammad al-Ansari, that he ascribed it, saying: Abu Abdillah, peace be upon him, said: A man’s seek to cause harmony in his land is from (the trait of) manliness.

وبهذا الاسناد، عن أحمد بن محمد، عن الهيثم بن عبد الله النهدي، عن أبيه، عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلام قال: المروءة مروءتان: مروءة الحضر، ومروءة السفر فأما مروءة الحضر فتلاوة القرآن، وحضور المساجد، وصحبة أهل الخير، والنظر في الفقه. وأما مروءة السفر فبذل الزاد، والمزاح في غير ما يسخط الله، وقلة الخلاف على من صحبك، وترك الرواية عليهم إذا أنت فارقتهم.

8. With this chain of narrators, from Ahmad bin Muhammed, from Haitham bin Abdullah al-Nahdi, from his father, from Abu Abdillah, peace be upon him, that he said: Manliness is (separated into) two (dimensions of) manlinesses: the manliness of civility and the manliness of travel. As for the manliness of civility, it is to recite the Qur’an, attending mosques, accompanying the people of goodness and contemplation into knowledge. As for the manliness of travel, it is to spend the excess, joking with other than what angers Allah, little dispute with the one who accompanies you and abandoning the narrating of them when you depart from them.

حدثنا أبي - رحمه الله - قال: حدثنا علي بن إبراهيم، عن أبيه، عن محمد بن خالد البرقي، عن أبي قتادة القمي رفعه إلى أبي عبد الله عليه السلام أنه قال: ما المروءة؟ فقلنا: لا نعلم. قال: المروءة أن يضع الرجل خوانه بفناء داره، والمروءة مروتان - فذكر نحو الحديث الذي تقدم -.

9. We were told by my father, may Allah grant him mercy, that he said: We were told by Ali bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Muhammed bin Khalid al-Barqi, from Abu Qutada al-Qommi, that he ascribed it to Abu Abdillah, peace be upon him, that he said: What is manliness? We said: We do not know. He said: Manliness is that a man places his dining table in the unroofed space of his home. Manliness is (consisting of) two (dimensions of) manlinesses. Then he mentioned the like of the narration that preceded.

حدثنا أبي - رحمه الله - قال: حدثنا علي بن إبراهيم، عن أبيه، عن النوفلي عن السكوني، عن أبي عبد الله، عن آبائه عليهم السلام قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله: إن أحب السبحة إلى الله عز وجل سبحة الحديث، وأبغض الكلام إلى الله عز وجل التحريف. قيل: يا رسول الله وما سبحة الحديث؟ قال: الرجل يسمع حرص الدنيا وباطلها فيغتم عند ذلك فيذكر الله عز وجل، وأما التحريف فكقول الرجل: إني لمجهود ومالي وما عندي.

1. We were told by my father, may Allah grant him mercy, that he said: We were told by Ali bin Ibrahim, from his father, from al-Nawfaly, from al-Sukuni, from Abu Abdillah, from his fathers, peace be upon them, that he said: The Messenger of Allah, Allah’s blessings be upon him and his Family, said: Indeed, the most beloved glorification to Allah, Exalted and Glorious is He, is the glorification during speech, and the most hated speech to Allah, Exalted and Glorious is He, is alteration. It was said: O Messenger of Allah, and what is glorification during speech? He said: That a man hears about greed for this world and its falsehood, and so he becomes gloomy therein and mentions Allah, Exalted and Glorious is He. As for alteration, it is like the saying of a man: «Indeed, I tired» and «I do not have» and «I do not possess».

حدثنا أبي - رحمه الله - قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله، عن أحمد بن أبي عبد الله عن محمد بن خالد الأشعري، عن إبراهيم بن محمد الأشعري، عن ثعلبة بن ميمون، عن أبي خالد القماط، عن حمران بن أعين، قال: سألت أبا جعفر عليه السلام عن ظهر القرآن و بطنه. فقال: ظهره الذين نزل فيهم القرآن، وبطنه الذين عملوا بمثل أعمالهم يجري فيهم ما نزل في أولئك.

1. We were told by my father, may Allah grant him mercy, that he said: We were told by Sa’d bin Abdullah, from Ahmad bin Abi Abdillah, from Muhammed bin Khalid al-Ash’ari, from Ibrahim bin Muhammed bin al-Ash’ari, from Tha’laba bin Maimoun, from Abu Khalid al-Qammat, from Hamran bin A’yan, that he said: I asked Abu Ja’far, peace be upon him, about the apparent of the Qur’an and its inside. He said: Its apparent applies to those for whose sake the (scattered verses of the) Qur’an was revealed, and its inside applies to those who act by the same deeds of theirs; it continues in them what was revealed for the sake of those (of the apparent sense).