Maʿānī al-ʾAkhbār

حدثنا محمد بن أحمد بن يحيى العطار - رحمه الله - قال: حدثني أبي، عن أحمد ابن محمد بن عيسى، عن عثمان بن عيسى، عن عبد الله بن مسكان، عن أبي عبد الله الصادق عليه السلام قال: إن الله تبارك وتعالى خص رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله بمكارم الأخلاق فامتحنوا أنفسكم فإن كانت فيكم فاحمدوا الله عز وجل وارغبوا إليه في الزيادة منها، فذكرها عشرة: اليقين، والقناعة، والصبر، والشكر، والرضا، وحسن الخلق، والسخاء، والغيرة، والشجاعة، والمروءة.

4. We were told by Muhammed bin Ahmad bin Yahya al-‘Attar, may Allah grant him mercy, that he said: I was told by my father, from Ahmad ibn Muhammed bin Isa, from Uthman bin Isa, from Abdullah bin Maskan, from Abu Abdillah al-Sadiq, (a.s.) that he said: Indeed, Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He, specified the Messenger of Allah (saww) with the noblest of moral traits. Hence, test yourselves; if they are in you, then praise Allah, Exalted and Glorious is He, and desire towards Him for more of them. Then he mentioned them, the ten: certainty, contentment, patience, thankfulness, satisfaction, good mannerisms, openhandedness, sense of honor, courage and manliness.

حدثنا محمد بن موسى بن المتوكل قال: حدثنا عبد الله بن جعفر الحميري، عن أحمد بن محمد، عن الحسن بن محبوب، عن أبي أسامة زيد الشحام، قال: قال أبو عبد الله عليه السلام ما ابتلي المؤمن بشئ أشد عليه من خصال ثلاث يحرمها. قيل: وما هي؟ قال: المؤاساة في ذات يده، والانصاف من نفسه، وذكر الله كثيرا، أما إني لا أقول لكم: سبحان الله والحمد لله ولا إله إلا الله والله أكبر ولكن ذكر الله عندما أحل له وعندما حرم عليه.

1. We were told by Muhammed bin Musa bin Mutawakkil, that he said: We were told by Abdullah bin Ja’far al-Himyari, from Ahmad bin Muhammed, from Hasan bin Mahbub, from Abu Usama, Zaid al-Shahham, that he said: Abu Abdillah, peace be upon him: A believer has not been trialed with anything more difficult upon him than three traits which he prevents. It was said: And what are they? He said: Consolation with what is in his hand, fairness towards himself and mentioning Allah abundantly. Alas, I am, indeed, saying to you, verily: «Glory be to Allah, and Praise be to Allah, and there is no god but Allah, and Allah is Greater» however, (I mean) it to mention Allah when things are granted to him and when things are prevented upon him.

أبي - رحمه الله - قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله، عن أحمد بن محمد، عن أبيه، عن ابن المغيرة، عن أبي الصباح الكناني، عن أبي بصير، عن أبي جعفر عليه السلام قال: من أشد ما عمل العباد إنصاف المرء من نفسه ومؤاساة المرء أخاه وذكر الله على كل حال. قال: قلت أصلحك الله وما وجه ذكر الله على كل حال؟ قال يذكر الله عند المعصية يهم بها فيحول ذكر الله بينه وبين تلك المعصية، وهو قول الله عز وجل: " إن الذين اتقوا إذا مسهم طائف من الشيطان تذكروا فإذا هم مبصرون ".

2. My father, may Allah have mercy upon him, said: We were told by Sa’d bin Abdullah, from Ahmad bin Muhammed, from his father, from Ibn Mughaira, from Abu’s-Sabah al-Kinani, from Abu Baseer, from Abu Ja’far, peace be upon him, that he said: Among the most difficult of what servants have done, is the individual’s fairness towards himself, the individual’s consolation with his brother and mentioning Allah in all cases. He said: I said: May Allah rectify you, and what is the indication of mentioning Allah in all cases? He said: That one mentions Allah at the committing of an act of disobedience that one intends, at which the mentioning of Allah appears between him and between that act of disobedience. That is the saying of Allah, Exalted and Glorious is He: «Indeed, those who are godfearing, if they are touched by an impulse from Shaytan, they remember Allah, and at once they are insightful.» (7:201)

حدثنا محمد بن موسى بن المتوكل - رضي الله عنه - قال: حدثنا عبد الله بن جعفر الحميري، عن أحمد بن محمد بن عيسى عن الحسن بن محبوب، عن هشام بن سالم، عن زرارة، عن الحسين البزاز قال: قال لي أبو عبد الله عليه السلام: ألا أحدثك بأشد ما فرض الله الله عز وجل على خلقه؟ قلت بلى قال إنصاف الناس من نفسك ومواساتك لأخيك ، وذكر الله في كل موطن، أما إني لا أقول: " سبحان الله والحمد لله ولا إله إلا الله والله أكبر " وإن كان هذا من ذلك ولكن ذكر الله في كل موطن إذا هجمت على طاعة أو معصية.

3. We were told by Muhammed bin Musa bin Mutawakkil, may Allah be pleased with him, that he said: We were told by Abdullah bin Ja’far al-Himyari, from Ahmad bin Muhammed bin Isa, from Hasan bin Mahbub, from Hisham bin Salim, from Zurara, from Hasan al-Bazzaz, that he said: Abu Abdillah, peace be upon him, said to me: Shall I not tell you of the most difficult which Allah, Exalted and Glorious is He, obliged upon His creation? I said: Sure. (He said:) [1] That you are fair with people towards yourself, your consolation with your brother and mentioning Allah in every place. Alas, I am, indeed, saying, verily: «Glory be to Allah, and Praise be to Allah, and there is no god but Allah, and Allah is Greater». Although this is from that, however, (I mean) mentioning Allah in every place, (regardless) if you were to approach an act of obedience or an act of disobedience.

أبي - رحمه الله - قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله، عن أحمد بن محمد، عن ابن فضال عن علي بن عقبة، عن أبي جارود المنذر الكندي عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلام قال: أشد الأعمال ثلاثة: إنصاف الناس من نفسك حتى لا ترضى لها منهم بشئ إلا رضيت لهم منها بمثله، ومؤاساتك الأخ في المال، وذكر الله على كل حال. ليس " سبحان الله والحمد لله ولا إله إلا الله والله أكبر " فقط ولكن إذا ورد عليك شئ أمر الله به أخذت به وإذا ورد عليك شئ نهى عنه تركته.

4. My father, may Allah grant him mercy, said: We were told by Sa’d bin Abdullah, from Ahmad bin Muhammed, from Ibn Faddal, from Ali bin ‘Aqaba, from Abu’l-Jaroud, Mundhri al-Kindi, from Abu Abdillah, peace be upon him, that he said: The most difficult of acts are three: Fairness towards people from yourself until you are not pleased for yourself, from them, with anything except that you are pleased for them, from yourself, likewise; your consolation with a brother with regards to property; and mentioning Allah in all cases. It is not (to say) «Glory be to Allah, and Praise be to Allah, and there is no god but Allah, and Allah is Greater» only, however, (it is that) whenever something comes to you which Allah has ordered to, you take it, and when something comes to you which Allah has forbidden, you abandon it.

وقد روي في خبر آخر عن الصادق عليه السلام أنه سئل عن قول الله عز وجل: " اذكروا الله ذكرا كثيرا " ما هذا الذكر الكثير؟ قال: من سبح تسبيح فاطمة عليها السلام فقد ذكر الله الذكر الكثير.

5. It has been narrated in another report from al-Sadiq, peace be upon him, that he was asked about the saying of Allah, Exalted and Glorious is He: «Mention Allah an abundant mentioning» (33:41): What is this mentioning in abundance? He said: The one who glorifies reciting the Glorification of (what was performed by) Fatima, peace be upon her, has certainly mentioned Allah an abundant mentioning.

حدثنا بذلك محمد بن الحسن - رحمه الله - قال: حدثنا أحمد بن إدريس، عن محمد بن أحمد قال: حدثنا أبو محمد جعفر بن أحمد بن سعيد البجلي ابن أخي صفوان بن يحيى، عن علي بن أسباط، عن سيف بن عميرة، عن أبي الصباح بن نعيم العائذي، عن محمد بن مسلم، قال: في حديث يقول في آخره: تسبيح فاطمة عليها السلام من ذكر الله الكثير الذي قال الله عز وجل: " واذكروني أذكركم ".

We were told of that by Muhammed bin Hasan, may Allah grant him mercy, that he said: We were told by Ahmad bin Idrees, from Muhammed bin Ahmad, that he said: We were told by Abu Muhammed, Ja’far bin Ahmad bin Sa’eed al-Bajali, the son of the brother from Sawfan bin Yahya, from Ali bin Asbat, from Saif bin ‘Umayra, from Abu’s-Sabah bin Na’eem al-‘A’idhi, from Muhammed bin Muslim, that he said in a narration in which he says in its ending: The Glorification of (what was performed by) Fatima, peace be upon him, is among the mentioning of Allah in abundance about which Allah, Exalted and Glorious is He, said: «So mention Me, (and) I will mention you.» (2:152)

حدثنا محمد بن الحسن بن أحمد بن الوليد - رضي الله عنه - قال: حدثنا محمد بن الحسن الصفار، عن أيوب بن نوح، عن محمد بن أبي عمير، عن سيف بن عميرة، عن أبي حمزة الثمالي، عن الصادق جعفر بن محمد عليهما السلام، قال: الاشتهار بالعبادة ريبة، إن أبي حدثني عن أبيه، عن جده عليهم السلام أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله قال: أعبد الناس من أقام الفرائض، و أسخى الناس من أدى زكاة ماله، وأزهد الناس من اجتنب الحرام، وأتقى الناس من قال الحق فيما له وعليه، وأعدل الناس من رضي ما يرضى لنفسه وكره لهم ما يكره لنفسه، وأكيس الناس من كان أشد ذكرا للموت، وأغبط الناس من كان تحت التراب قد أمن العقاب يرجوا الثواب، وأغفل الناس من لم يتعظ بتغير الدنيا من حال إلى حال، وأعظم الناس في الدنيا خطرا من لم يجعل للدنيا عنده خطرا، وأعلم الناس من جمع علم الناس إلى علمه، وأشجع الناس من غلب هواه، وأكثر الناس قيمة أكثرهم علما، وأقل الناس قيمة أقلهم علما، وأقل الناس لذة الحسود، وأقل الناس راحة البخيل، وأبخل الناس من بخل بما افترض الله تعالى عليه، وأولى الناس بالحق أعملهم به، و أقل الناس حرمه الفاسق، وأقل الناس وفاء الملوك، وأقل الناس صديقا الملك، وأفقر الناس الطماع، وأغنى الناس من لم يكن للحرص أسيرا، وأفضل الناس إيمانا أحسنهم خلقا وأكرم الناس أتقاهم، وأعظم الناس قدرا من ترك مالا يعنيه، وأورع الناس من ترك المراء وإن كان محقا، وأقل الناس مروءة من كان كاذبا، وأشقى الناس الملوك، و أمقت الناس المتكبر، وأشد الناس اجتهادا من ترك الذنوب، وأحكم الناس من فر من جهال الناس، وأسعد من خالط كرام الناس، وأعقل الناس أشدهم مداراة للناس، وأولى الناس بالتهمة من جالس أهل التهمة، وأعتى الناس من قتل غير قاتله أو ضرب غير ضاربه، وأولى الناس بالعفو أقدرهم على العقوبة، وأحق الناس بالذنب السفيه المغتاب، وأذل الناس، من أهان الناس، وأحزم الناس أكظمهم للغيظ، وأصلح الناس أصلحهم للناس، وخير الناس من انتفع به الناس.

1. We were told by Muhammed bin Hasan bin Ahmad bin Waleed, may Allah be pleased with him, that he said: We were told by Muhammed bin Hasan al-Saffar, from Ayub bin Nuh, from Muhammed bin Abi ‘Umayr, from Saif bin ‘Umayra, from Abu Hamza al-Thumali, from al-Sadiq, Ja’far bin Muhammed, peace be upon them both, that he said: Famousness through acts of worship is a (cause for) doubt. Indeed, my father told me of his father, of his grandfather, peace be upon him, that the Messenger of Allah, Allah’s blessings be upon him and his Family, said: The most worshipping among the people is the one who establishes the obligatory acts; the most openhanded among the people is the one who gives the alms tax of his property; the most abstaining among the people is the one who refrains from the forbidden; the most godfearing among the people is the one who says the truth with regards to what is for (the advantage of) himself and (for what is of disadvantage) upon himself; the most just among the people is the one who is pleased for people what he is pleased with for himself, and dislikes for them what he dislikes for himself; the most smart among the people is the one who most intensively mentions death; the one to be most envied among the people is the one who is beneath the sand, for certainly, he is to be safe from punishment and expects reward; the most unaware among the people is the one who does not take lesson from the change of this world from one case to another case; the one with greatest danger among the people in this world is the one who does not make this world a matter of danger to himself; the most knowledgeable among the people is the one who gathers the knowledge of people to his own knowledge; the most courageous among the people is the one who defeats his desire; the most worthy among the people is the one with the most knowledge; and the least worthy among the people is the one with the least knowledge; the one with the least enjoyment among the people is the jealous; the one with the least comfort among the people is the stingy; the most stingy among the people is the one who is stingy with regards to what Allah, the Exalted, has obliged upon him; the one who is more rightful to the truth among the people is the one who acts most with it; the one with the least sanctity among the people is the impious; those with the least loyalty among the people are kings; the one with the least friends among the people is the king; the most poor among the people is the greedy; the most rich among the people is the one who is not a captive to craving; the one with the best faith among the people is the one with the best mannerisms among them; the most generous among the people is the most godfearing among them; the most worthy among the people is the one who leaves what does not concern him; the most pious among the people is the one who leaves quarrel, even if he is rightful; the one with the least manliness among the people is the one who is a liar; the most wretched among the people are kings; the most loathsome among the people is the arrogant; the one with most intense diligence among the people is the one who abandons sins; the most wise among the people is the one who flees from the severely ignorants among people; the most happy among the people is the one who mingles with dignified people; the most intelligent among the people is the one with the most conformity with people; the one who is more rightful to accusation among the people is the one who sits with the people of accusation; the most insolent among the people is the one who kills other than his murderer or hits other than his hitter; the one who is more rightful to pardoning among the people is the one who is most able among them to punish; the most rightful to sin among the people is the fool, the backbiter; the most debased among the people is the one who humiliates people; the most resolute among the people is the one who mostly suppresses rage among them; the most righteous among the people is the one among them who is more righteous to people; and the best among the people is the one from whom people benefit.

حدثنا علي بن عبد الله الوراق، قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله، عن إبراهيم بن معروف عن إبراهيم بن مهزيار، عن أخيه علي، عن الحسن بن سعيد، عن الحارث بن محمد بن النعمان الأحول صاحب الطاق، عن جميل بن صالح، عن أبي عبد الله الصادق عن آبائه عليهم السلام قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله: من أحب أن يكون أكرم الناس فليتق الله عز وجل ومن أحب أن يكون أتقى الناس فليتوكل كل على الله، ومن أحب أن يكون أغنى الناس فليكن يما عند الله عز وجل أوثق منه بما في يده ثم قال صلى الله عليه وآله: ألا أنبئكم بشر الناس؟ قالوا: بلى يا رسول الله، قال: من أبغض الناس وأبغضه الناس. ثم قال: ألا أنبئكم بشر من هذا؟ قالوا: بلى يا رسول الله، قال: الذي لا يقيل عثرة ولا يقبل معذرة ولا يغفر ذنبا. ثم قال: ألا أنبئكم بشر من هذا؟ قالوا: بلى يا رسول الله، قال: من لا يؤمن شره ولا يرجى خيره، وإن عيسى ابن مريم عليه السلام قام في بني إسرائيل فقال: يا بني إسرائيل لا تحدثوا بالحكمة الجهال فتظلموها، ولا تمنعوها أهلها فتظلموهم، ولا تعينوا الظالم على ظلمه فيبطل فضلكم، الأمور ثلاثة: أمر تبين لك رشده فاتبعه، وأمر تبين لك غيبه، وأمر اختلف فيه فرده إلى الله عز وجل.

2. We were told by Ali bin Abdullah al-Warraq, that he said: We were told by Sa’d bin Abdullah, from Ibrahim bin Ma’ruf, from Ibrahim bin Mahziyar, from his brother, Ali, from Hasan bin Sa’eed, from Harith bin Muhammed bin Nu’man, the cross-eyed, the companion of al-Taq, from Jameel bin Saleh, from Abu Abdillah al-Sadiq, from his fathers, peace be upon them, that he said: The Messenger of Allah, Allah’s blessings be upon him and his Family, said: The one who would like to be the most generous of the people, let him fear Allah, Exalted and Glorious is He. The one who would like to be the most godfearing of the people, let him trust Allah. The one who would like to be the wealthiest of people, let him be with regards to what is with Allah, Exalted and Glorious is He, more confident than with what is in his hand. Then he, Allah’s blessings be upon him and his Family, said: Shall I not inform you of the worst of people? They said: Sure, O Messenger of Allah. He said: The one who hates people and whom people hate. Then he said: Shall I not inform you of worse than this? They said: Sure, O Messenger of Allah. He said: The one who does not dismiss an accidental mistake, nor accepts an apology nor forgives a sin. Then he said: Shall I not inform you of worse than this? They said: Sure, O Messenger of Allah. He said: The one whose evil cannot be guarded from, nor whose good can be expected. Indeed, Isa ibn Maryam, peace be upon him, stood upon among the sons of Isra’eel and said: O sons of Isra’eel, do not speak of the wisdom to the severely ignorants, lest you wrong it, and do not prevent its people, lest you wrong them, and do not assist the oppressor with his oppression, lest your virtue is invalidated. Things are three: a matter whose guidance has been clarified to you, so follow it; a matter whose enticement has been clarified to you, so avoid it; and a matter about whom it is disputed, so leave it for Allah, Exalted and Glorious is He.

حدثنا أبي - رضي الله عنه - قال: حدثنا علي بن إبراهيم، عن أبيه، عن الحسين بن يزيد النوفلي، عن إسماعيل بن أبي زياد، عن الصادق جعفر بن محمد، عن أبيه، عن آبائه عليهم السلام قال: سئل رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله: أي المال خير؟ قال: زرع زرعه صاحبه وأصلحه وأدى حقه يوم حصاده. قيل: يا رسول الله فأي المال بعد الزرع خير؟ قال: رجل في غنمه قد تبع بها مواضع القطر يقيم الصلاة ويؤتي الزكاة. قيل يا رسول الله فأي المال بعد الغنم خير؟ قال: البقر تغد وبخير وتروح بخير قيل: يا رسول الله فأي المال بعد البقر خير؟ قال: الراسيات في الوحل والمطعمات في المحل ، نعم الشئ النخل من باعه فإنما ثمنه بمنزلة رماد على رأس شاهق اشتدت به الريح في يوم عاصف إلا أن يخلف مكانها. قيل: يا رسول الله فأي المال بعد النخل خير؟ فسكت، فقال له رجل: فأين الإبل؟ قال: فيها الشقاء والجفاء والعناء وبعد الدار تغد ومدبرة و تروح مدبرة لا يأتي خيرها إلا من جانبها الأشأم أما إنها لا تعدم الأشقياء الفجرة .

3. We were told by my father, may Allah be pleased with him, that he said: We were told by Ali bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Hussain bin Yazid al-Nawfili, from Isma’eel bin Abi Ziyad, from al-Sadiq, Ja’far bin Muhammed, from his father, from his fathers, peace be upon them, that he said: The Messenger of Allah, Allah’s blessings be upon him and his Family: What type of property is the best? He said: A cultivation planted by its owner, made right by him and whose right he fulfils on the day of its harvesting. It was said: O Messenger of Allah, then what type of property is the best after cultivation? He said: That a man among his sheep who leads them to the places of rain, establishes the prayer and gives the alms tax. It was said: O Messenger of Allah, then what type of property is the best after sheep? He said: Cows, they are milked at the morning in goodness, and at departure in goodness. It was: O Messenger of Allah, then what type of property is the best after cows? He said: The immovable (plants) in mire and which feed during the state of being barren. The best of things is the palm three when it is sold, for its price is only by the like of ash on the top of a lofty thing when intensively hit by wind on a stormy day, except if he leaves behind (something) in its place. It was said: O Messenger of Allah, then what type of property is the best after the palm trees? Then he became silent, and then a man said to him: Then where are camels? He said: In them are wretchedness, roughness and laborious effort, and after (leaving) home, at the morning, it turns its back, and at departure, it turns it back. Its goodness does not come except from its ill-omened side. Verily, it, indeed, it is not free of the wretched, the dissolute.