Maʿānī al-ʾAkhbār

حدثنا محمد بن علي ماجيلويه - رضي الله عنه -، عن عمه محمد بن أبي القاسم، عن محمد بن علي الصيرفي، عن سعدان بن مسلم، عن حسين بن نعيم، عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلام قال: يا حسين أكرم النعمة . قلت: جعلت فداك، وأي شئ كرامتها؟ قال: اصطناع المعروف فيما يبقى عليك.

1. We were told by Muhammed bin Ali Majilawayh, may Allah be pleased with him, from his paternal uncle, Muhammed bin Abi’l-Qasim, from Muhammed bin Ali al-Sayrafi, from Sa’dan bin Muslim, from Hussain bin Na’eem, from Abu Abdillah, peace be upon him, that he said: O Hussain, be generous with the grace. I said: May I be sacrificed for you, and what thing is generosity with it? He said: To attempt doing good with what remains to you.

أبي - رحمه الله - قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله، عن أحمد بن أبي عبد الله، عن محمد ابن علي الكوفي، عن عبيد الله الدهقان، عن درست بن أبي منصور الواسطي، عن إبراهيم ابن عبد الحميد، عن أبي الحسن موسى عليه السلام قال: جاء رجل إلى النبي صلى الله عليه وآله فقال: يا رسول الله قد علمت ابني هذا الكتاب، ففي أي شئ أسلمه؟ فقال: سلمه لله أبوك ولا تسلمه في خمس: لا تسلمه سياء ولا صائغا ولا قصابا ولا حناطا ولا نخاسا فقال: يا رسول الله وما السياء؟ قال: الذي يبيع الأكفان ويتمنى موت أمتي وللمولود عن أمتي أحب إلي مما طلعت عليه الشمس. وأما الصائغ فإنه يعالج غبن أمتي . وأما القصاب فإنه يذبح حتى تذهب الرحمة من قلبه. وأما الحناط فإنه يحتكر الطعام على أمتي ولئن يلقى الله العبد سارقا أحب إلي من أن يلقاه قد احتكر طعاما أربعين يوما. وأما النخاس فإنه أتاني جبرئيل عليه السلام فقال: يا محمد إن شرار أمتك الذين يبيعون الناس

1. My father, may Allah grant him mercy, said: We were told by Sa’d bin Abdullah, from Ahmad bin Abi Abdillah, from Muhammed ibn Ali al-Kufi, from Ubaidullah al-Dahqan, from Darast bin Abi Mansur al-Wasiti, from Ibrahim ibn Abdil-Hamid, from Abu’l-Hasan, Musa, peace be upon him, that he said: A man came to the Prophet, Allah’s blessings be upon him and his Family, and said: O Messenger of Allah, I have taught my son this book, so for what thing shall I give it? He said: Give it, for the sake of Allah, to your father, and do not give it to five: do not give it to an evil-wisher, nor a goldsmith, nor a slaughterer, nor a wheat seller, nor a slave trader. Then he said: O Messenger of Allah, and what is an evil-wisher? He said: The one who sells winding sheets and wishes for the death of my nation, whereas the one born from my nation is more beloved to me than what the sun has shined upon. As for the goldsmith, he treats the fraud of my nation. As for the slaughterer, he slaughters until mercy departs his heart. As for the wheat seller, he corners food from my nation, whereas for a servant to meet Allah as a thief is more beloved to me than if he meets Him having cornered food for forty days. As for the slave trader, indeed, Jibra’eel, peace be upon him, came to me and said: O Muhammed, indeed, the evil ones from your nation are those who sell people.

أبي - رحمه الله - قال: حدثنا محمد بن يحيى العطار، عن محمد بن أحمد بن يحيى، عن موسى بن عمر، عن جعفر بن محمد بن يحيى، عن غالب، عن أبي خالد، عن حمران، عن أبي جعفر عليه السلام في قول الله عز وجل: " وما آمن معه إلا قليل " قال: كانوا ثمانية.

1. My father, may Allah grant him mercy, said: We were told by Muhammed bin Yahya al-‘Attar, from Muhammed bin Ahmad bin Yahya, from Musa bin Umar, from Ja’far bin Muhammed bin Yahya, from Ghalib, from Abu Khalid, from Hamran, from Abu Ja’far, peace be upon him, with regards to the saying of Allah, Exalted and Glorious is He: «And none believed with him except little.» (11:40) He said: They were eight.

أبي - رحمه الله - قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله، عن أحمد بن محمد بن عيسى، عن علي ابن النعمان، عن هارون بن خارجة، عن أبي بصير، عن أبي جعفر عليه السلام في قوله عز وجل: " فلما كتب عليهم القتال تولوا إلا قليلا منهم " قال: كان القليل ستين ألفا.

1. My father, may Allah grant him mercy, said: We were told by Sa’d bin Abdullah, from Ahmad bin Muhammed bin Isa, from Ali ibn Nu’man, from Harun bin Kharija, from Abu Baseer, from Abu Ja’far, peace be upon him, with regards to the saying of Him, Exalted and Glorious is He: «And when He prescribed upon them to fight, they turned away, except for few of them.» (2:246) He said: The few were sixty thousand.

حدثني محمد بن علي ماجيلويه - رحمه الله - قال: حدثني محمد بن يحيى العطار، قال: حدثني سهل بن زياد، قال: حدثني عثمان بن عيسى، عن خالد بن نجيح، عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلام قال: تذاكرنا الشؤم عنده، قال: الشؤم في ثلاثة: في المرأة، والدابة، والدار. فأما شؤم المرأة فكثرة مهرها وعقوق زوجها، وأما الدابة فسوء خلقها ومنعها ظهرها، وأما الدار فضيق ساحتها وشر جيرانها وكثرة عيوبها.

1. I was told by Muhammed bin Ali Majilawayh, may Allah grant him mercy, that he said: I was told by Muhammed bin Yahya al-‘Attar, that he said: I was told by Sahl bin Ziyad, that he said: I was told by Uthman bin Isa, from Khalid bin Nujayh, from Abu Abdillah, peace be upon him, that he said: We mentioned ill-omen at his place. He said: Ill-omen is in three: in a woman, a riding animal and a home. As for the ill-omen of a woman, it is her large amount of dowry and her disobedience to her husband. As for a riding animal, it is its ill manners and its prevention of its back. As for a home, it is its tight space, evil of its neighbors and amounts of defects.

أبي - رحمه الله - قال: حدثنا علي بن إبراهيم بن هاشم، عن أبيه، عن عبد الله ابن ميمون، عن عبد الله عليه السلام قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله: الشؤم في ثلاثة أشياء: في الدابة، والمرأة، والدار. فأما المرأة فشؤمها غلاء مهرها وعسر ولادتها، وأما الدابة فشؤمها كثرة عللها وسوء خلقها، وأما الدار فشؤمها ضيقها وخبث جيرانها. وقال: من بركة المرأة خفة مؤونتها ويسر ولادتها، وشؤمها شدة مؤونتها وتعسر ولادتها.

2. My father, may Allah grant him mercy, said: We were told by Ali bin Ibrahim bin Hashim, from his father, from Abdullah ibn Maimoun, from Abu Abdillah, peace be upon him, that he said: The Messenger of Allah, Allah’s blessings be upon him and his Family, said: Ill-omen is in three things: in a riding animal, a woman and a home. As for a woman, her ill-omen is the expensiveness of her dowry and difficulty of her labour. As for a riding animal, its ill-omen is its amount of defects and ill manners. As for a home, its ill-omen is its tightness and wickedness of its neighbors. He also said: From the blessings of a woman is the lightness of her supplies and easiness of her labour, and her ill-omen is the heaviness of her supplies and difficulty of her labour.

أبي - رحمه الله - قال: حدثنا محمد بن يحيى العطار، عن محمد بن أحمد بن يحيى، عن علي بن إسماعيل، عن صفوان، عن عبد الرحمن بن الحجاج، عمن سمعه - وقد سماه - عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلام قال: سألته عن الزكاة ما يأخذ منها الرجل؟ وقلت له: إنه بلغنا أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله قال: أيما رجل ترك دينارين فهما كي بين عينيه. قال: فقال: أولئك قوم كانوا أضيافا على رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله فإذا أمسى قال: يا فلان اذهب فعش هذا . فإذا أصبح قال: يا فلان اذهب فغد هذا . فلم يكونوا يخافون أن يصبحوا بغير غداء ولا بغير عشاء فجمع الرجل منهم دينارين، فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله فيه هذه المقالة، فإن الناس إنما يعطون من السنة إلى السنة فللرجل أن يأخذ ما يكفيه ويكفي عياله من السنة إلى السنة.

1. My father, may Allah grant him mercy, said: We were told by Muhammed bin Yahya al-‘Attar, from Muhammed bin Ahmad bin Yahya, from Ali bin Isma’il, from Safwan, from Abdul-Rahman bin Hajjaj, from the one he heard from, and he named him, from Abu Abdillah, peace be upon him, that he said: I asked him about the alms tax: What does a man take from it? And I said to him: It has, indeed, reached us that the Messenger of Allah, Allah’s blessings be upon him and his Family, said: Any man who leaves two dinars, they are to burn between his eyes. He said: Then he said: Those are a people who were guests to the Messenger of Allah, Allah’s blessings be upon him and his Family, and when the evening approached, he said: O such-a-person, go and feed this (person) the evening supper. When the morning approached, he said: O such-a-person, go and feed this (person). They did not fear to wake up at the morning without food nor without evening supper, and so one man of them saved two dinars. Then the Messenger of Allah, Allah’s blessings be upon him and his Family, said this statement about him: Indeed, the people only give from one year to another year, hence, a man may take what suffices for him and suffices for his family from one year to another year.

حدثنا محمد بن الحسن - رحمه الله - قال: حدثنا أحمد بن إدريس، قال: حدثنا محمد بن أحمد، قال: حدثنا أبو عبد الله الرازي، عن نصر بن الصباح، عن المفضل بن عمر، قال: كنت عند أبي عبد الله عليه السلام فسأله رجل: في كم تجب الزكاة من المال؟ فقال له: الزكاة الظاهرة أم الباطنة تريد؟ قال: أريدهما جميعا، فقال: أما الظاهرة ففي كل ألف خمسة وعشرون درهما، وأما الباطنة فلا تستأثر على أخيك بما هو أحوج إليك منك.

1. We were told by Muhammed bin Hasan, may Allah grant him mercy, that he said: We were told by Ahmad bin Idrees, that he said: We were told by Muhammed bin Ahmad, that he said: We were told by Abu Abdillah al-Razi, from Nasr bin Sabah, from Mufaddal bin Umar, that he said: I was at the place of Abu Abdillah, peace be upon him, and a man asked him: In how much does the alms tax of money become obligatory? So he said to him: Is it the apparent alms tax or the internal one that you intend? He said: I intend both of them. he said: As for the apparent, in every thousand there is twenty five dirhams, and as for the internal, (it is that you) do not specify for yourself rather than your brother that which he is more in need of than you.

أبي - رحمه الله - قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله، عن أحمد بن محمد بن خالد، عن أبيه، عن فضالة، عن أبان، قال: ذكر بعضهم عند أبي الحسن عليه السلام فقال: بلغنا أن رجلا هلك على عهد رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وترك دينارين فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله: " ترك كثيرا " قال:إن ذلك كان رجلا يأتي أهل الصفة فيسألهم فمات وترك دينارين.

1. My father, may Allah grant him mercy, said: We were told by Sa’d bin Abdullah, from Ahmad bin Muhammed bin Khalid, from his father, from Fadala, from Aban, that he said: Some of them mentioned at the place of Abu’l-Hasan, peace be upon him, and said: It has reached us that a man perished at the era of Allah’s Messenger, Allah’s blessings be upon him and his Family, and left behind two dinars, to which Allah’s Messenger, Allah’s blessings be upon him and his Family, said: «He left a lot». He said: Indeed, that was a man who used to approach the people in kiosks and ask them, and then he died and left behind two dinars.

أبي - رحمه الله - قال: حدثنا محمد بن يحيى العطار، عن محمد بن أحمد، عن موسى ابن عمر، عن محمد بن سنان، عن أبي سعيد القماط، عمن ذكره، عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلام أنه سئل عن الزكاة فقال: وضع رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله الزكاة على تسعة وعفا عما سوى ذلك:الحنطة والشعير، والتمر، والزبيب، والذهب، والفضة، والبقرة، والغنم، والإبل فقال السائل: فالذرة؟ فغضب عليه السلام ثم قال: كان والله على عهد رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله السماسم والذرة والدخن وجميع ذلك، فقال: إنهم يقولون: إنه لم يكن ذلك على عهد رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وإنما وضع على تسعة لما لم يكن بحضرته غير ذلك فغضب وقال: كذبوا فهل يكون العفو إلا عن شئ قد كان ولا والله ما أعرف شيئا عليه الزكاة غير هذا فمن شاء فليؤمن ومن شاء فليكفر.

1. My father, may Allah grant him mercy, said: We were told by Muhammed bin Yahya al-‘Attar, from Muhammed bin Ahmad, from Musa ibn Umar, from Muhammed bin Sinan, from Abu Sa’eed al-Qammat, from those he mentioned, from Abu Abdillah, peace be upon him, that he was asked about alms tax, so he said: The Messenger of Allah, Allah’s blessings be upon him and his Family, imposed alms tax on nine and pardoned other than that: wheat, barley, dates, raisins, gold, silver, cows, sheep and camels. Then the questioner said: And corn? Then he, peace be upon him, was angered, and then he said: It was, by Allah, at the era of Allah’s Messenger, Allah’s blessings be upon him and his Family, sesame, corn, millet and all of that. Then he said: They are saying that this was not at the era of Allah’s Messenger, Allah’s blessings be upon him and his Family, and that he only imposed it on nine when it was not in his presence other than that. Then he was angered and said: They have lied. Is pardoning for other than something that had been? No, by Allah, I do not know of anything upon which is alms tax except for this. Hence, the one who wants, let him believe, and the one who does not want, let him disbelieve.