Al-Kāfi

6- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ غِيَاثِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) أَنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) اخْتَصَمَ إِلَيْهِ رَجُلانِ فِي دَابَّةٍ وَكِلاهُمَا أَقَامَ الْبَيِّنَةَ أَنَّهُ أَنْتَجَهَا فَقَضَى بِهَا لِلَّذِي هِيَ فِي يَدِهِ وَقَالَ لَوْ لَمْ تَكُنْ فِي يَدِهِ جَعَلْتُهَا بَيْنَهُمَا نِصْفَيْنِ.

6. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn Yahya from Ghiyath ibn Ibrahim who has narrated the following: “Abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that once two men presented their case before Amir al- Mu’minin, Ali (a.s.), about a stumper and both presented testimony that he has bred it in his facilities. He (the Imam) issued a judgment in favor of the one who had it in his possession saying, ‘Had it not been in his possession I would make it one-half for each one of them.’”

1- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ مُثَنًّى الْحَنَّاطِ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قُلْتُ لَهُ رَجُلٌ شَهِدَ لَهُ رَجُلانِ بِأَنَّ لَهُ عِنْدَ رَجُلٍ خَمْسِينَ دِرْهَماً وَجَاءَ آخَرَانِ فَشَهِدَا بِأَنَّ لَهُ عِنْدَهُ مِائَةَ دِرْهَمٍ كُلُّهُمْ شَهِدُوا فِي مَوْقِفٍ قَالَ أَقْرِعْ بَيْنَهُمْ ثُمَّ اسْتَحْلِفِ الَّذِينَ أَصَابَهُمُ الْقَرْعُ بِاللهِ أَنَّهُمْ يَحْلِفُونَ بِالْحَقِّ.

1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from certain persons of our people from Muthanna’ al-Hannat from Zurarah who has narrated the following: “I once asked abu Ja‘far (a.s.), about the case of two men who testify in favor of a man to confirm that so and so owes him fifty dirham, then two other men testify and state that he owes him one hundred dirham and all of them testify at the same place. He (the Imam) said, ‘I (in such case) arrange a raffle and whoever ’s name (of the defendant or the plaintiff) comes out I would ask him to take an oath to confirm that he has spoken the truth.”’

2- عَلِيٌّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ أَبِي يَزِيدَ الْعَطَّارِ عَنْ بَعْضِ رِجَالِهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فِي رَجُلٍ كَانَتْ لَهُ امْرَأَةٌ فَجَاءَ رَجُلٌ بِشُهُودٍ أَنَّ هَذِهِ الْمَرْأَةَ امْرَأَةُ فُلانٍ وَجَاءَ آخَرُونَ فَشَهِدُوا أَنَّهَا امْرَأَةُ فُلانٍ فَاعْتَدَلَ الشُّهُودُ وَعُدِّلُوا قَالَ يُقْرَعُ بَيْنَ الشُّهُودِ فَمَنْ خَرَجَ سَهْمُهُ فَهُوَ الْمُحِقُّ وَهُوَ أَوْلَى بِهَا.

2. Ali has narrated from his father from ibn Faddal from Dawud ibn abu Yazid al-‘Attar from certain persons of his people who has narrated the following: “This is about the case of a man who has a woman but a man comes with witnesses to prove her to be his woman, yet others come with testimony to prove her to be the woman of so and so and they all are just witnesses. Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘A raffle must be arranged and whoever’s name comes out is the rightful party with priority to her over the others.’”

1- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ وَعَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنِ ابْنِ رِئَابٍ عَنْ حُمْرَانَ بْنِ أَعْيَنَ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَنْ جَارِيَةٍ لَمْ تُدْرِكْ بِنْتِ سَبْعِ سِنِينَ مَعَ رَجُلٍ وَامْرَأَةٍ ادَّعَى الرَّجُلُ أَنَّهَا مَمْلُوكَةٌ لَهُ وَادَّعَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ أَنَّهَا ابْنَتُهَا فَقَالَ قَدْ قَضَى فِي هَذَا عَلِيٌّ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قُلْتُ وَمَا قَضَى فِي هَذَا عَلِيٌّ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ كَانَ يَقُولُ النَّاسُ كُلُّهُمْ أَحْرَارٌ إِلا مَنْ أَقَرَّ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ بِالرِّقِّ وَهُوَ مُدْرِكٌ وَمَنْ أَقَامَ بَيِّنَةً عَلَى مَنِ ادَّعَى مِنْ عَبْدٍ أَوْ أَمَةٍ فَإِنَّهُ يُدْفَعُ إِلَيْهِ يَكُونُ لَهُ رِقّاً قُلْتُ فَمَا تَرَى أَنْتَ قَالَ أَرَى أَنْ أَسْأَلَ الَّذِي ادَّعَى أَنَّهَا مَمْلُوكَةٌ لَهُ عَلَى مَا ادَّعَى فَإِنْ أَحْضَرَ شُهُوداً يَشْهَدُونَ أَنَّهَا مَمْلُوكَةٌ لَهُ لا يَعْلَمُونَهُ بَاعَ وَلا وَهَبَ دَفَعْتُ الْجَارِيَةَ إِلَيْهِ حَتَّى تُقِيمَ الْمَرْأَةُ مَنْ يَشْهَدُ لَهَا أَنَّ الْجَارِيَةَ ابْنَتُهَا حُرَّةٌ مِثْلُهَا فَلْتُدْفَعْ إِلَيْهَا وَتُخْرَجُ مِنْ يَدِ الرَّجُلِ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ لَمْ يُقِمِ الرَّجُلُ شُهُوداً أَنَّهَا مَمْلُوكَةٌ لَهُ قَالَ تُخْرَجُ مِنْ يَدِهِ فَإِنْ أَقَامَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ الْبَيِّنَةَ عَلَى أَنَّهَا ابْنَتُهَا دُفِعَتْ إِلَيْهَا وَ إِنْ لَمْ يُقِمِ الرَّجُلُ الْبَيِّنَةَ عَلَى مَا ادَّعَاهُ وَلَمْ تُقِمِ الْمَرْأَةُ الْبَيِّنَةَ عَلَى مَا ادَّعَتْ خُلِّيَ سَبِيلُ الْجَارِيَةِ تَذْهَبُ حَيْثُ شَاءَتْ.

1. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad and Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father all from ibn Mahbub from ibn Ri’ab from Humran ibn ‘Ayan who has narrated the following: “I once asked Abu Ja’far (a.s.), about the case of a girl who is not mature. She is about seven years old. She lives with a man and a woman. The man claims her to be his slave and the woman claims her to be her daughter. He (the Imam) said that ’Amir al-Mu’minin, Ali (a.s.) had issued a judgment about it. I then asked, ‘How did ’Amir al-Mu’minin, Ali (a.s.) judge it?’ He (the Imam) said that he would say, ‘People are all free except those who confess to their slavery in their maturity, or testimony is established in favor of one who claims a slave or slave-girl in which the slave or slave-girl must be given to the plaintiff as his slave.’ I then asked, ‘What do you say about it?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘I would ask the one who claims her to be his slave-girl to present testimony. If they testify that she is his slave-girl and have no knowledge if he has sold her or has gifted, then I would give her to him unless the woman presents testimony that she is her daughter and free like her mother; then she is taken from the man and is given to her.’ I then asked, ‘What happens if the man did not present testimony to prove her as his slave-girl?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘She is then taken away from him. If the woman presents testimony to prove her to be her daughter, she then is given to her and if neither one of the man and woman presented testimony to prove their claim, she then is left alone to go wherever she wants.’”

1- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَعِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ إِنَّ دَاوُدَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) سَأَلَ رَبَّهُ أَنْ يُرِيَهُ قَضِيَّةً مِنْ قَضَايَا الآخِرَةِ فَأَوْحَى اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ إِلَيْهِ يَا دَاوُدُ أَنَّ الَّذِي سَأَلْتَنِي لَمْ أُطْلِعْ عَلَيْهِ أَحَداً مِنْ خَلْقِي وَلا يَنْبَغِي لأحَدٍ أَنْ يَقْضِيَ بِهِ غَيْرِي قَالَ فَلَمْ يَمْنَعْهُ ذَلِكَ أَنْ عَادَ فَسَأَلَ اللهَ أَنْ يُرِيَهُ قَضِيَّةً مِنْ قَضَايَا الآخِرَةِ قَالَ فَأَتَاهُ جَبْرَئِيلُ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فَقَالَ لَهُ يَا دَاوُدُ لَقَدْ سَأَلْتَ رَبَّكَ شَيْئاً لَمْ يَسْأَلْهُ قَبْلَكَ نَبِيٌّ يَا دَاوُدُ إِنَّ الَّذِي سَأَلْتَ لَمْ يُطْلِعْ عَلَيْهِ أَحَداً مِنْ خَلْقِهِ وَلا يَنْبَغِي لأحَدٍ أَنْ يَقْضِيَ بِهِ غَيْرَهُ قَدْ أَجَابَ اللهُ دَعْوَتَكَ وَأَعْطَاكَ مَا سَأَلْتَ يَا دَاوُدُ إِنَّ أَوَّلَ خَصْمَيْنِ يَرِدَانِ عَلَيْكَ غَداً الْقَضِيَّةُ فِيهِمَا مِنْ قَضَايَا الآخِرَةِ قَالَ فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحَ دَاوُدُ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) جَلَسَ فِي مَجْلِسِ الْقَضَاءِ أَتَاهُ شَيْخٌ مُتَعَلِّقٌ بِشَابٍّ وَمَعَ الشَّابِّ عُنْقُودٌ مِنْ عِنَبٍ فَقَالَ لَهُ الشَّيْخُ يَا نَبِيَّ اللهِ إِنَّ هَذَا الشَّابَّ دَخَلَ بُسْتَانِي وَخَرَّبَ كَرْمِي وَأَكَلَ مِنْهُ بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِي وَهَذَا الْعُنْقُودُ أَخَذَهُ بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِي فَقَالَ دَاوُدُ لِلشَّابِّ مَا تَقُولُ فَأَقَرَّ الشَّابُّ أَنَّهُ قَدْ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ فَأَوْحَى اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ إِلَيْهِ يَا دَاوُدُ إِنِّي إِنْ كَشَفْتُ لَكَ عَنْ قَضَايَا الآخِرَةِ فَقَضَيْتَ بِهَا بَيْنَ الشَّيْخِ وَالْغُلامِ لَمْ يَحْتَمِلْهَا قَلْبُكَ وَلَمْ يَرْضَ بِهَا قَوْمُكَ يَا دَاوُدُ إِنَّ هَذَا الشَّيْخَ اقْتَحَمَ عَلَى أَبِي هَذَا الْغُلامِ فِي بُسْتَانِهِ فَقَتَلَهُ وَغَصَبَ بُسْتَانَهُ وَأَخَذَ مِنْهُ أَرْبَعِينَ أَلْفَ دِرْهَمٍ فَدَفَنَهَا فِي جَانِبِ بُسْتَانِهِ فَادْفَعْ إِلَى الشَّابِّ سَيْفاً وَمُرْهُ أَنْ يَضْرِبَ عُنُقَ الشَّيْخِ وَادْفَعْ إِلَيْهِ الْبُسْتَانَ وَمُرْهُ أَنْ يَحْفِرَ فِي مَوْضِعِ كَذَا وَكَذَا وَيَأْخُذَ مَالَهُ قَالَ فَفَزِعَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ دَاوُدُ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) وَجَمَعَ إِلَيْهِ عُلَمَاءَ أَصْحَابِهِ وَأَخْبَرَهُمُ الْخَبَرَ وَأَمْضَى الْقَضِيَّةَ عَلَى مَا أَوْحَى اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ إِلَيْهِ.

1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father and a number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from ibn Mahbub from abu Hamzah who has narrated the following: “Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said that once Dawud ‘Alayhi al-Salam, asked his Lord to show him one of the cases of the next life being judged. Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, sent him revelation. It said, ‘O Dawud, what you have asked Me is something about which no one of My creatures has known. It is not proper for any of My creatures to judge in that manner besides Me.’ He (the Imam) said that this did not stop him from asking Allah to show him a case and judgment of the cases and judgments of the next life. He (the Imam) said that Jibril (a.s.), then came to him and said, ‘O Dawud, you had asked your Lord for something that no other Prophet before you had asked. What you have asked is not known to anyone of His creatures and it is not proper for anyone to judge in that manner besides Him. However, Allah has accepted your prayer and has granted what you wanted. O Dawud, the case of the first two parties that will come to you tomorrow, is one of the cases of the next life.’ He (the Imam) said that next day when Dawud ‘Alayhi al-Salam, took his seat in the adjudicating office, one old man who had grabbed a young boy with a bunch of grapes in his hand came to him. The old man said, £ 0 Prophet of Allah, this young man entered my garden, destroyed my vineyard, ate from them without my permission and this bunch is what he has taken without my permission.’ Dawud then asked the young man, ‘What do you say?’ The young man confessed that he has done so. Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, sent revelation to Dawud and said, ‘If I reveal before you a case of the cases of the next life and you judge between the old man and the young man your heart cannot bear it and your people will not agree. O Dawud, this old man entered on the father of this boy in his garden and killed him, usurped his garden, took from him forty thousand dirham and buried it on the side of the garden. Therefore, you must give a sword to the young man and command him to strike the neck of the old man, give the garden back to him, command him to dig such and such place and take his assets thereof. Dawud (a.s.), was shocked. He called the scholars of his companions, informed them of the news and then approved to issue the judgment as Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, had revealed to him.’”

2- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ سَعْدَانَ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ أَبِي الْعَلاءِ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ فِي الرَّجُلِ يُبْضِعُهُ الرَّجُلُ ثَلاثِينَ دِرْهَماً فِي ثَوْبٍ وَآخَرُ عِشْرِينَ دِرْهَماً فِي ثَوْبٍ فَبَعَثَ بِالثَّوْبَيْنِ فَلَمْ يَعْرِفْ هَذَا ثَوْبَهُ وَلا هَذَا ثَوْبَهُ قَالَ يُبَاعُ الثَّوْبَانِ فَيُعْطَى صَاحِبُ الثَّلاثِينَ ثَلاثَةَ أَخْمَاسٍ الثَّمَنِ وَالآخَرُ خُمُسَيِ الثَّمَنِ قُلْتُ فَإِنَّ صَاحِبَ الْعِشْرِينَ قَالَ لِصَاحِبِ الثَّلاثِينَ اخْتَرْ أَيَّهُمَا شِئْتَ قَالَ قَدْ أَنْصَفَهُ.

2. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from Musa ibn Sa‘dan from al-Husayn ibn abu aI-‘Ala’ from Ishaq who has narrated the following: “This is about the case of a man to whom one man sends thirty dirham in a piece of cloth, another man sends him twenty dirham in a piece of cloth and they become mixed so much that he cannot distinguish. Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘He must give three-fifths of the value to the man of thirty dirham and two-fifths of the value to the other one.’ I then said the man with thirty has said to the man with twenty, take whichever you like. He (the Imam) said, ‘He has been fair.’”

3- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنِ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ مَعْرُوفٍ عَنْ أَبِي شُعَيْبٍ الْمَحَامِلِيِّ الرِّفَاعِيِّ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَنْ رَجُلٍ قَبَّلَ رَجُلا عَنْ حَفْرِ بِئْرٍ عَشْرَ قَامَاتٍ بِعَشَرَةِ دَرَاهِمَ فَحَفَرَ قَامَةً ثُمَّ عَجَزَ عَنْهَا فَقَالَ لَهُ جُزْءٌ مِنْ خَمْسَةٍ وَخَمْسِينَ جُزْءاً مِنَ الْعَشَرَةِ دَرَاهِمَ.

3. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-‘Abbas ibn Ma’ruf from abu Shu’ayb al-Muhamiliy al- Ri fa Ay who has narrated the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who forms a contract with another man. It requires him to dig a well of ten heights of a man deep for ten dirhams of which he digs one height and could not do the rest. Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘He deserves one part out of fifty- five parts of a ten dirhams.’”

4- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ أَبِي الْمُعَلَّى عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ أُتِيَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ بِامْرَأَةٍ قَدْ تَعَلَّقَتْ بِرَجُلٍ مِنَ الأنْصَارِ وَكَانَتْ تَهْوَاهُ وَلَمْ تَقْدِرْ لَهُ عَلَى حِيلَةٍ فَذَهَبَتْ فَأَخَذَتْ بَيْضَةً فَأَخْرَجَتْ مِنْهَا الصُّفْرَةَ وَصَبَّتِ الْبَيَاضَ عَلَى ثِيَابِهَا بَيْنَ فَخِذَيْهَا ثُمَّ جَاءَتْ إِلَى عُمَرَ فَقَالَتْ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِنَّ هَذَا الرَّجُلَ أَخَذَنِي فِي مَوْضِعِ كَذَا وَكَذَا فَفَضَحَنِي قَالَ فَهَمَّ عُمَرُ أَنْ يُعَاقِبَ الأنْصَارِيَّ فَجَعَلَ الأنْصَارِيُّ يَحْلِفُ وَأَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) جَالِسٌ وَيَقُولُ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ تَثَبَّتْ فِي أَمْرِي فَلَمَّا أَكْثَرَ الْفَتَى قَالَ عُمَرُ لأمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ مَا تَرَى فَنَظَرَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) إِلَى بَيَاضٍ عَلَى ثَوْبِ الْمَرْأَةِ وَبَيْنَ فَخِذَيْهَا فَاتَّهَمَهَا أَنْ تَكُونَ احْتَالَتْ لِذَلِكَ فَقَالَ ائْتُونِي بِمَاءٍ حَارٍّ قَدْ أُغْلِيَ غَلَيَاناً شَدِيداً فَفَعَلُوا فَلَمَّا أُتِيَ بِالْمَاءِ أَمَرَهُمْ فَصَبُّوا عَلَى مَوْضِعِ الْبَيَاضِ فَاشْتَوَى ذَلِكَ الْبَيَاضُ فَأَخَذَهُ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فَأَلْقَاهُ فِي فِيهِ فَلَمَّا عَرَفَ طَعْمَهُ أَلْقَاهُ مِنْ فِيهِ ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ عَلَى الْمَرْأَةِ حَتَّى أَقَرَّتْ بِذَلِكَ وَدَفَعَ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ عَنِ الأنْصَارِيِّ عُقُوبَةَ عُمَرَ.

4. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from ‘Umar ibn Yazid from abu Mu‘alla’, who has narrated the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that once a woman was brought before ‘Umar. She was attached to a man of al-Ansar (people of al-Madinah) and loved him but was not able to achieve from him what she wanted. She plotted to use the white part of the egg, after removing the yolk, poured it on her cloth between her thighs and came to ‘Umar saying, ‘O ’Amir al-Mu’minin, this man in such and such place caught, raped and disgraced me. 5 ‘Umar then intended to subject al-Ansari to applicable penalty, but he (the accused) was swearing and denying the accusation, when ’Amir al- Mu’minin, Ali (a.s.), was also present, saying, ‘O ’Amir al-Mu’minin, why are you quiet in my case?’ When the man pleaded a great deal ‘Umar then said to ’Amir al-Mu’minin, Ali (a.s.), ‘O abu al-Hassan, what do you say about him? 5 ’Amir al-Mu’minin, Ali (a.s.), looked at the white substance on her cloth between her thighs and he (the Imam) charged her with plotting a trick. He (the Imam) asked to bring water in boiling condition. When water in boiling condition was brought, he (the Imam) asked them to pour it on the white substance, which turned into a cooked shape. ’Amir al-Mu’minin, Ali (a.s.), picked up (a part) thereof, placed in his mouth and after recognizing the test, threw it out and then turned to the women until she confessed. Thus Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, saved the man of al-Ansar from penalty of ‘Umar.’”

5- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ عَنْ مَنْصُورِ بْنِ حَازِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قُلْتُ عَشَرَةٌ كَانُوا جُلُوساً وَوَسْطَهُمْ كِيسٌ فِيهِ أَلْفُ دِرْهَمٍ فَسَأَلَ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضاً أَلَكُمْ هَذَا الْكِيسُ فَقَالُوا كُلُّهُمْ لا وَقَالَ وَاحِدٌ مِنْهُمْ هُوَ لِي فَلِمَنْ هُوَ قَالَ لِلَّذِي ادَّعَاهُ.

5. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from certain persons of his people from Mansur ibn Hazim who has narrated the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of ten people sitting in a certain place, among them there was a bag with a thousand dirham in it and they asked each other about whose bag is it. No one claimed it except one man. To whom does it belong?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It belongs to the one who claimed it.’”

6- عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ الأحْمَرِ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو عِيسَى يُوسُفُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ قَرَابَةً لِسُوَيْدِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ الأمْرَانِيِّ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي سُوَيْدُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ الْفَارِسِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ أَبِي لَيْلَى عَنِ الْهَيْثَمِ بْنِ جَمِيلٍ عَنْ زُهَيْرٍ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ السَّبِيعِيِّ عَنْ عَاصِمِ بْنِ حَمْزَةَ السَّلُولِيِّ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ غُلاماً بِالْمَدِينَةِ وَهُوَ يَقُولُ يَا أَحْكَمَ الْحَاكِمِينَ احْكُمْ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ أُمِّي فَقَالَ لَهُ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ يَا غُلامُ لِمَ تَدْعُو عَلَى أُمِّكَ فَقَالَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِنَّهَا حَمَلَتْنِي فِي بَطْنِهَا تِسْعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَأَرْضَعَتْنِي حَوْلَيْنِ فَلَمَّا تَرَعْرَعْتُ وَعَرَفْتُ الْخَيْرَ مِنَ الشَّرِّ وَيَمِينِي عَنْ شِمَالِي طَرَدَتْنِي وَانْتَفَتْ مِنِّي وَزَعَمَتْ أَنَّهَا لا تَعْرِفُنِي فَقَالَ عُمَرُ أَيْنَ تَكُونُ الْوَالِدَةُ قَالَ فِي سَقِيفَةِ بَنِي فُلانٍ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ عَلَيَّ بِأُمِّ الْغُلامِ قَالَ فَأَتَوْا بِهَا مَعَ أَرْبَعَةِ إِخْوَةٍ لَهَا وَأَرْبَعِينَ قَسَامَةً يَشْهَدُونَ لَهَا أَنَّهَا لا تَعْرِفُ الصَّبِيَّ وَأَنَّ هَذَا الْغُلامَ غُلامٌ مُدَّعٍ ظَلُومٌ غَشُومٌ يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَفْضَحَهَا فِي عَشِيرَتِهَا وَأَنَّ هَذِهِ جَارِيَةٌ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ لَمْ تَتَزَوَّجْ قَطُّ وَأَنَّهَا بِخَاتَمِ رَبِّهَا فَقَالَ عُمَرُ يَا غُلامُ مَا تَقُولُ فَقَالَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ هَذِهِ وَاللهِ أُمِّي حَمَلَتْنِي فِي بَطْنِهَا تِسْعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَأَرْضَعَتْنِي حَوْلَيْنِ فَلَمَّا تَرَعْرَعْتُ وَعَرَفْتُ الْخَيْرَ مِنَ الشَّرِّ وَيَمِينِي مِنْ شِمَالِي طَرَدَتْنِي وَانْتَفَتْ مِنِّي وَزَعَمَتْ أَنَّهَا لا تَعْرِفُنِي فَقَالَ عُمَرُ يَا هَذِهِ مَا يَقُولُ الْغُلامُ فَقَالَتْ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَالَّذِي احْتَجَبَ بِالنُّورِ فَلا عَيْنَ تَرَاهُ وَحَقِّ مُحَمَّدٍ وَمَا وَلَدَ مَا أَعْرِفُهُ وَلا أَدْرِي مِنْ أَيِّ النَّاسِ هُوَ وَإِنَّهُ غُلامٌ مُدَّعٍ يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَفْضَحَنِي فِي عَشِيرَتِي وَإِنِّي جَارِيَةٌ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ لَمْ أَتَزَوَّجْ قَطُّ وَإِنِّي بِخَاتَمِ رَبِّي فَقَالَ عُمَرُ أَلَكِ شُهُودٌ فَقَالَتْ نَعَمْ هَؤُلاءِ فَتَقَدَّمَ الأرْبَعُونَ الْقَسَامَةَ فَشَهِدُوا عِنْدَ عُمَرَ أَنَّ الْغُلامَ مُدَّعٍ يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَفْضَحَهَا فِي عَشِيرَتِهَا وَأَنَّ هَذِهِ جَارِيَةٌ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ لَمْ تَتَزَوَّجْ قَطُّ وَأَنَّهَا بِخَاتَمِ رَبِّهَا فَقَالَ عُمَرُ خُذُوا هَذَا الْغُلامَ وَانْطَلِقُوا بِهِ إِلَى السِّجْنِ حَتَّى نَسْأَلَ عَنِ الشُّهُودِ فَإِنْ عُدِّلَتْ شَهَادَتُهُمْ جَلَدْتُهُ حَدَّ الْمُفْتَرِي فَأَخَذُوا الْغُلامَ يُنْطَلَقُ بِهِ إِلَى السِّجْنِ فَتَلَقَّاهُمْ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فِي بَعْضِ الطَّرِيقِ فَنَادَى الْغُلامُ يَا ابْنَ عَمِّ رَسُولِ اللهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) إِنَّنِي غُلامٌ مَظْلُومٌ وَأَعَادَ عَلَيْهِ الْكَلامَ الَّذِي كَلَّمَ بِهِ عُمَرَ ثُمَّ قَالَ وَهَذَا عُمَرُ قَدْ أَمَرَ بِي إِلَى الْحَبْسِ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) رُدُّوهُ إِلَى عُمَرَ فَلَمَّا رَدُّوهُ قَالَ لَهُمْ عُمَرُ أَمَرْتُ بِهِ إِلَى السِّجْنِ فَرَدَدْتُمُوهُ إِلَيَّ فَقَالُوا يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَمَرَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) أَنْ نَرُدَّهُ إِلَيْكَ وَسَمِعْنَاكَ وَأَنْتَ تَقُولُ لا تَعْصُوا لِعَلِيٍّ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) أَمْراً فَبَيْنَا هُمْ كَذَلِكَ إِذْ أَقْبَلَ عَلِيٌّ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فَقَالَ عَلَيَّ بِأُمِّ الْغُلامِ فَأَتَوْا بِهَا فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) يَا غُلامُ مَا تَقُولُ فَأَعَادَ الْكَلامَ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) لِعُمَرَ أَتَأْذَنُ لِي أَنْ أَقْضِيَ بَيْنَهُمْ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ سُبْحَانَ اللهِ وَكَيْفَ لا وَقَدْ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) يَقُولُ أَعْلَمُكُمْ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ لِلْمَرْأَةِ يَا هَذِهِ أَلَكِ شُهُودٌ قَالَتْ نَعَمْ فَتَقَدَّمَ الأرْبَعُونَ قَسَامَةً فَشَهِدُوا بِالشَّهَادَةِ الأولَى فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) لأقْضِيَنَّ الْيَوْمَ بِقَضِيَّةٍ بَيْنَكُمَا هِيَ مَرْضَاةُ الرَّبِّ مِنْ فَوْقِ عَرْشِهِ عَلَّمَنِيهَا حَبِيبِي رَسُولُ اللهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهَا أَلَكِ وَلِيٌّ قَالَتْ نَعَمْ هَؤُلاءِ إِخْوَتِي فَقَالَ لإخْوَتِهَا أَمْرِي فِيكُمْ وَفِي أُخْتِكُمْ جَائِزٌ فَقَالُوا نَعَمْ يَا ابْنَ عَمِّ مُحَمَّدٍ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) أَمْرُكَ فِينَا وَفِي أُخْتِنَا جَائِزٌ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) أُشْهِدُ اللهَ وَأُشْهِدُ مَنْ حَضَرَ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ أَنِّي قَدْ زَوَّجْتُ هَذَا الْغُلامَ مِنْ هَذِهِ الْجَارِيَةِ بِأَرْبَعِمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ وَالنَّقْدُ مِنْ مَالِي يَا قَنْبَرُ عَلَيَّ بِالدَّرَاهِمِ فَأَتَاهُ قَنْبَرٌ بِهَا فَصَبَّهَا فِي يَدِ الْغُلامِ قَالَ خُذْهَا فَصُبَّهَا فِي حَجْرِ امْرَأَتِكَ وَلا تَأْتِنَا إِلا وَبِكَ أَثَرُ الْعُرْسِ يَعْنِي الْغُسْلَ فَقَامَ الْغُلامُ فَصَبَّ الدَّرَاهِمَ فِي حَجْرِ الْمَرْأَةِ ثُمَّ تَلَبَّبَهَا فَقَالَ لَهَا قُومِي فَنَادَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ النَّارَ النَّارَ يَا ابْنَ عَمِّ مُحَمَّدٍ تُرِيدُ أَنْ تُزَوِّجَنِي مِنْ وَلَدِي هَذَا وَاللهِ وَلَدِي زَوَّجَنِي إِخْوَتِي هَجِيناً فَوَلَدْتُ مِنْهُ هَذَا الْغُلامَ فَلَمَّا تَرَعْرَعَ وَشَبَّ أَمَرُونِي أَنْ أَنْتَفِيَ مِنْهُ وَأَطْرُدَهُ وَهَذَا وَاللهِ وَلَدِي وَفُؤَادِي يَتَقَلَّى أَسَفاً عَلَى وَلَدِي قَالَ ثُمَّ أَخَذَتْ بِيَدِ الْغُلامِ وَانْطَلَقَتْ وَنَادَى عُمَرُ وَا عُمَرَاهْ لَوْ لا عَلِيٌّ لَهَلَكَ عُمَرُ.

6. Ali ibn Muhammad has narrated from Ibrahim ibn Ishaq al-Ahmar who has said that narrated to me ‘Isa ibn Yusuf ibn Muhammad a relative of Sa‘id al-’Amraniy who has said that narrated to him Suwayd ibn Sa‘id from ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn Ahmad al-Farsiy from Muhammad ibn Ibrahim ibn abu Layla’ from ‘Aytham ibn Jamil from Zuhayr from abu Ishaq al-Sabi‘iy from Asem ibn Hamzah al- Saluliy who has said the following: “I heard a boy in al-Madinah saying, ‘O best of judges, judge between me and my mother.’ ‘Umar ibn al-Khattab asked, ‘O boy, why do you pray against your mother?’ He replied, ‘O ’Amir al-Mu’minin, she bore me in her womb for nine months and breastfed me until I began to move, learn to distinguish between good and bad, right and left. She then expelled me and disowned me as if she did not know me at all.’ ‘Umar asked, ‘Where is your mother?’ He replied, ‘She is in Saqifah (meeting place) of banu so and so.’ ‘Umar commanded to bring her to him. They brought her before him with her four brothers and forty people who took an oath that she did not know the boy. The boy is an oppressive and aggressive boy who wants to disgrace her in her tribe, that she is a girl from Quraysh who has not married anyone and that she still has the seal of the Lord, on her. ‘Umar then asked the boy, ‘What do you say?’ He replied, ‘O ’Amir al-Mu’minin, by Allah she is my mother who bore me for nine months in her womb, breastfed me for two years. When I began to move, learned what is good and what is bad and which is my right and my left she expelled me, disowned me and thought that she did not know me.’ ‘Umar then asked her, ‘What does the boy say?’ She replied, ‘O ’Amir al-Mu’minin, I swear by the One who is hidden in light, no eye can see Him and by the right of Muhammad and his progeny, that I do not know him and I do not know to which people does he belong except that he is a boy whose claim disgraces me in my tribe. I am a girl from Quraysh and I am not yet married. I still have the seal (virginity) from my Lord on me.’ ‘Umar asked, ‘Do you have witnesses?’ She replied, ‘Yes, these people are my witnesses.’ Forty people came forward and took oath before ‘Umar that the boy’s claim was false, that he wanted to disgrace her in her tribe, that she is a girl from Quraysh who is not married yet and that she still has the seal (virginity) from the Lord on her.’ ‘Umar then ordered the boy to be jailed so that he can examine the witnesses if they are balanced then subject the boy to the penalty applicable to a falsely accuser. As they took the boy to jail ’ Amir al-Mu’minin, Ali (a.s.), met them on the way and the boy cried, ‘O son of the uncle of the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, I am an oppressed boy.’ He repeated the words of ‘Umar and said that ‘Umar has commanded to imprison him. Ali (a.s.), then told them to return him back to ‘Umar. When they returned, ‘Umar said, ‘I commanded you to jail him but you have brought him back to me.’ They replied, ‘O Amir al- Mu’minin, Ali ibn abu Talib has told us to return him back to you and we have heard you saying, “Do not disobey Ali ibn abu Talib (a.s.).’” At this time Ali (a.s.), arrived and asked to bring the mother of the boy before him. She was then brought before Ali (a.s.). Ali (a.s.), asked, ‘What do you say, O boy?’ He repeated his words. Ali ‘Alayhi al-Salam, then asked ‘Umar, ‘Do you allow me to judge among them?’ ‘Umar replied, ‘Allah is free of all defects, how will I not allow you when I heard the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, saying, “The most knowledgeable among you is Ali ibn abu Talib.’” Ali (a.s.), then asked the woman, ‘Do you have witnesses?’ She replied, ‘Yes,’ and forty swearing men came forward who presented the testimony that they had done before. Ali (a.s.), said, ‘Today I will judge with a judgment that will be acceptable to the Lord from above the throne in the way my beloved, the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has taught me.’ Ali (a.s.), then asked her, ‘Do you have a guardian?’ She replied, ‘Yes, these are my brothers.’ He (the Imam) then asked her brothers, ‘Can I command your sister?’ They replied, ‘Yes, O son of the uncle of Muhammad (SAW), your command on us and on our sister is obligatory.’ Ali (a.s.), said, ‘I hereby appoint Allah as witness and all the Muslims present that I pronounce this boy and this girl as wife and husband for a mahr (dower) of four hundred dirham which is payable from my assets. O Qanbar, bring for us the dirhams.’ Qanbar then brought the dirhams. He placed in the hand of the boy and said, ‘Take it, place it in the lap of your woman, and do not come back to us without signs of being married, after Ghusl (bath)’ The boy took the dirhams and placed them in the lap of the woman, then asked her to stand up. The woman cried, ‘It is the fire, it is the fire. O son of the uncle of Muhammad, why do you give me in marriage to my own son, this one? This by Allah is my son. My brothers gave me in marriage to a Hajin (ignoble) man from whom I gave birth to this boy. When he grew up, they commanded me to disown and expel him. This by Allah is my son, and my heart burns for my son in regret.’ She then took the hand of the boy and left and ‘Umar said aloud, ‘Woe is you O ‘Umar, if Ali would have not been present ‘Umar would have been destroyed.’”