Al-Kāfi

6- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ حَنَانِ بْنِ سَدِيرٍ قَالَ كُنْتُ عِنْدَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فَقَالَ لَهُ جَعْفَرُ بْنُ حَنَانٍ مَا تَقُولُ فِي الْعِينَةِ فِي رَجُلٍ يُبَايِعُ رَجُلا فَيَقُولُ لَهُ أُبَايِعُكَ بِدَهْ دَوَازْدَهْ وَبِدَهْ يَازْدَهْ فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) هَذَا فَاسِدٌ وَلَكِنْ يَقُولُ أَرْبَحُ عَلَيْكَ فِي جَمِيعِ الدَّرَاهِمِ كَذَا وَكَذَا وَيُسَاوِمُهُ عَلَى هَذَا فَلَيْسَ بِهِ بَأْسٌ وَقَالَ أُسَاوِمُهُ وَلَيْسَ عِنْدِي مَتَاعٌ قَالَ لا بَأْسَ.

6. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Hanan ibn Sadir who has said the following: “Once I was with abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), when Ja’far ibn Hanan asked him (the Imam), ‘What do you say about al- ’Aynah in the case of a man who sells certain goods to a man and says, “I sell to you bah dah dawazdah and bah dahyazdahT” Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), said, ‘This is not valid. He must, however, say, “For all dirhams I give you so and so amount of dirham profit in the form of Musawamah (fixed price regardless of capital) in this deal;” then it is not unlawful.’ He then asked, ‘Can I make a deal in the form of Musawamah (fixed price regardless of capital) and I do not have any assets?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not unlawful.’”

7- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ لِي عَلَيْهِ مَالٌ وَهُوَ مُعْسِرٌ فَأَشْتَرِي بَيْعاً مِنْ رَجُلٍ إِلَى أَجَلٍ عَلَى أَنْ أَضْمَنَ ذَلِكَ عَنْهُ لِلرَّجُلِ وَيَقْضِيَنِي الَّذِي عَلَيْهِ قَالَ لا بَأْسَ.

7. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ‘Abd Allah ibn al-Mughirah from ‘Abd Allah ibn Sinan who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who owes a certain amount of debts and he is a Mu‘sir (unable to pay). Can I arrange for him to buy something from a man for an appointed time and guarantee in his favor so he can pay his debts (with the item just purchased for him) to me and then pay back what he owes? He (the Imam) said, ‘It is lawful.’”

8- أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الأشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ هَارُونَ بْنِ خَارِجَةَ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَيَّنْتُ رَجُلا عِينَةً فَقُلْتُ لَهُ اقْضِنِي فَقَالَ لَيْسَ عِنْدِي فَعَيِّنِّي حَتَّى أَقْضِيَكَ قَالَ عَيِّنْهُ حَتَّى يَقْضِيَكَ.

8. Abu Ali al-Ash’ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from Safwan ibn Yahya from Harun ibn Kharijah who has said the following: “I once said to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘I made an al-’ Aynah deal with a man. I then asked him to pay back what he owes because of the deal. He replied, “I do not have anything to pay you back unless you arrange another al-’ Aynah so I can pay you back.’” He (the Imam) said, ‘You can arrange another al- ’Aynah for him so he can pay you back.’”

9- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَدِيدِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأبِي الْحَسَنِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) إِنَّ سَلْسَبِيلَ طَلَبَتْ مِنِّي مِائَةَ أَلْفِ دِرْهَمٍ عَلَى أَنْ تُرْبِحَنِي عَشَرَةَ آلافٍ فَأَقْرَضْتُهُا تِسْعِينَ أَلْفاً وَأَبِيعُهَا ثَوْباً وَشِيّاً تُقَوَّمُ عَلَيَّ بِأَلْفِ دِرْهَمٍ بِعَشَرَةِ آلافِ دِرْهَمٍ قَالَ لا بَأْسَ وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ أُخْرَى لا بَأْسَ بِهِ أَعْطِهَا مِائَةَ أَلْفٍ وَبِعْهَا الثَّوْبَ بِعَشَرَةِ آلافٍ وَاكْتُبْ عَلَيْهَا كِتَابَيْنِ.

9. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn Hadid from Muhammad ibn Ishaq ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “I once said to abu al-Hassan (a.s.), ‘Salsabil has asked me for a hundred thousand dirham which she will pay back with a ten thousand dirham profit. I gave her ninety thousand dirham loan with the sale of a cloth and something else worth a thousand dirham for ten thousand dirham (she now owes a total of one hundred thousand dirham).’ He (the Imam) said, ’It is not unlawful.’ In another Hadith it is said, ‘It is not unlawful if you give her a hundred thousand and sell to her a cloth for ten thousand and write two contracts.’”

10- أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الأشْعَرِيُّ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ عَنْ عَمِّهِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لِلرِّضَا (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) الرَّجُلُ يَكُونُ لَهُ الْمَالُ قَدْ حَلَّ عَلَى صَاحِبِهِ يَبِيعُهُ لُؤْلُؤَةً تَسْوَى مِائَةَ دِرْهَمٍ بِأَلْفِ دِرْهَمٍ وَيُؤَخِّرُ عَنْهُ الْمَالَ إِلَى وَقْتٍ قَالَ لا بَأْسَ قَدْ أَمَرَنِي أَبِي فَفَعَلْتُ ذَلِكَ وَزَعَمَ أَنَّهُ سَأَلَ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَنْهَا فَقَالَ لَهُ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ.

10. Abu Ali al-Ash’ariy has narrated from al-Hassan ibn ‘Abd Allah from his uncle, Muhammad ibn ‘Abd Allah from Muhammad ibn Ishaq ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “I once asked al-Rida’ (a.s.), about the case of a man to whom someone owes a certain amount of goods and payback time becomes due. His party sells to him a pearl worth a hundred dirham for a thousand dirham and extends the payback time to another appointed time. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not unlawful. My father commanded me to do so and did such a deal.’ He (the narrator) thinks that he had asked abu al-Hassan (a.s.), about it and he (the Imam) had given a similar answer.”

11- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأبِي الْحَسَنِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) يَكُونُ لِي عَلَى الرَّجُلِ دَرَاهِمُ فَيَقُولُ أَخِّرْنِي بِهَا وَأَنَا أُرْبِحُكَ فَأَبِيعُهُ جُبَّةً تُقَوَّمُ عَلَيَّ بِأَلْفِ دِرْهَمٍ بِعَشَرَةِ آلافِ دِرْهَمٍ أَوْ قَالَ بِعِشْرِينَ أَلْفاً وَأُؤَخِّرُهُ بِالْمَالِ قَالَ لا بَأْسَ.

11. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Muhammad ibn Ishaq ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “I once asked abu al-Hassan (a.s.), about the case of a man who owes me a certain amount of dirham and says to me, ‘Extend the payback time and I will give you profit’. I then sell to him a gown worth a thousand dirham for ten thousand dirhams - or that he said, twenty thousand dirhams - and extend the payback time. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not unlawful.’”

12- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ أُرِيدُ أَنْ أُعَيِّنَهُ الْمَالَ وَيَكُونُ لِي عَلَيْهِ مَالٌ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ فَيَطْلُبُ مِنِّي مَالا أَزِيدُهُ عَلَى مَالِيَ الَّذِي لِي عَلَيْهِ أَيَسْتَقِيمُ أَنْ أَزِيدَهُ مَالا وَأَبِيعَهُ لُؤْلُؤَةً تُسَاوِي مِائَةَ دِرْهَمٍ بِأَلْفِ دِرْهَمٍ فَأَقُولَ أَبِيعُكَ هَذِهِ اللُّؤْلُؤَةَ بِأَلْفِ دِرْهَمٍ عَلَى أَنْ أُؤَخِّرَكَ بِثَمَنِهَا وَبِمَالِي عَلَيْكَ كَذَا وَكَذَا شَهْراً قَالَ لا بَأْسَ.

12. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from ‘Abd al-Malik ibn ‘Utbah who has said the following: “I once asked him (the Imam) (a.s.), about the case of a man with whom I like to arrange an al-’Aynah. He already owes me a certain amount of goods. He asks me for additional goods. Is it right to provide him additional goods and sell to him a pearl worth a hundred dirham for a thousand dirham and I say, ‘I sell to you this pearl for a thousand dirham so I can extend the payback time for this and what you already owe to me up to so and so many months.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not unlawful.’”

1- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ [عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجْرَانَ] عَنْ عَاصِمِ بْنِ حُمَيْدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) مَنْ بَاعَ سِلْعَةً فَقَالَ إِنَّ ثَمَنَهَا كَذَا وَكَذَا يَداً بِيَدٍ وَثَمَنَهَا كَذَا وَكَذَا نَظِرَةً فَخُذْهَا بِأَيِّ ثَمَنٍ شِئْتَ وَجَعَلَ صَفْقَتَهَا وَاحِدَةً فَلَيْسَ لَهُ إِلا أَقَلُّهُمَا وَإِنْ كَانَتْ نَظِرَةً قَالَ وَقَالَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) مَنْ سَاوَمَ بِثَمَنَيْنِ أَحَدُهُمَا عَاجِلا وَالآخَرُ نَظِرَةً فَلْيُسَمِّ أَحَدَهُمَا قَبْلَ الصَّفْقَةِ.

1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu Najran from ‘Asem ibn Hamid from Muhammad ibn Qays who has said the following: “Abu Ja’far (a.s.), has said that ’Amir al-Mu’minin has said, ’If one sells certain goods and says that its price in a hand in hand deal is so and so and in a deferred payment deal is so and so, so take which ever you like and makes it a package deal, he can only take what costs the least even if it is the deal with the deferred payment.’ He (the Imam) said, ’If one finalizes a deal by the manner of Musawamah (fixed price regardless of capital) of immediate or deferred payment he must specify one of them before the package deal is final.’”

1- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَطِيَّةَ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ قَالَ كُنْتُ أَنَا وَعُمَرُ بِالْمَدِينَةِ فَبَاعَ عُمَرُ جِرَاباً هَرَوِيّاً كُلَّ ثَوْبٍ بِكَذَا وَكَذَا فَأَخَذُوهُ فَاقْتَسَمُوهُ فَوَجَدُوا ثَوْباً فِيهِ عَيْبٌ فَرَدُّوهُ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ عُمَرُ أُعْطِيكُمْ ثَمَنَهُ الَّذِي بِعْتُكُمْ بِهِ قَالَ لا وَلَكِنْ نَأْخُذُ مِنْكَ قِيمَةَ الثَّوْبِ فَذَكَرَ عُمَرُ ذَلِكَ لأبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فَقَالَ يَلْزَمُهُ ذَلِكَ.

1. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from al-Hassan ibn ‘ Atiyyah from ‘Umar ibn Yazid who has said the following: “‘Umar and I were in al-Madinah and ‘Umar sold sacks made in Hirat, every cloth for so and so amount. They took them and divided among themselves but they found one defective piece and returned it. ‘Umar said to them, ‘I can pay you the price for which I sold to you.’ He said, ‘No, we take from you the price of the cloth.’ ‘Umar mentioned this before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), and he (the Imam) said, ‘He must do so (as he is asked to do).”’ (The pronoun ‘He’ can apply to either one of seller or buyer but its applying to the buyer has greater support in the principles of the system of Shari ‘ah)

2- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ جَمِيلٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا (عَلَيْهِما السَّلام) فِي الرَّجُلِ يَشْتَرِي الثَّوْبَ أَوِ الْمَتَاعَ فَيَجِدُ فِيهِ عَيْباً فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَ الشَّيْ‏ءُ قَائِماً بِعَيْنِهِ رَدَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَأَخَذَ الثَّمَنَ وَإِنْ كَانَ الثَّوْبُ قَدْ قُطِعَ أَوْ خِيطَ أَوْ صُبِغَ يَرْجِعُ بِنُقْصَانِ الْعَيْبِ.

2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Jamil from certain persons of our people who has said the following: “I once asked one of the two Imam, (abu Ja’far or abu ‘Abd Allah), ‘Alayhim al-Salam, about the case of a man who buys cloths or goods and finds defects in it. He (the Imam) said, ‘If the item is exactly as it was, he can return and get back what he has paid and if the cloth is cut or stitched or dyed he must pay for the loss.’”