Al-Kāfi

1- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فِي رَجُلٍ ابْتَاعَ مِنْ رَجُلٍ طَعَاماً بِدَرَاهِمَ فَأَخَذَ نِصْفَهُ وَتَرَكَ نِصْفَهُ ثُمَّ جَاءَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ وَقَدِ ارْتَفَعَ الطَّعَامُ أَوْ نَقَصَ قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ يَوْمَ ابْتَاعَهُ سَاعَرَهُ أَنَّ لَهُ كَذَا وَكَذَا فَإِنَّمَا لَهُ سِعْرُهُ وَإِنْ كَانَ إِنَّمَا أَخَذَ بَعْضاً وَتَرَكَ بَعْضاً وَلَمْ يُسَمِّ سِعْراً فَإِنَّمَا لَهُ سِعْرُ يَوْمِهِ الَّذِي يَأْخُذُ فِيهِ مَا كَانَ.

1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Hammad from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “About the case of a man who buys food for a few dirham of which he takes one-half and leaves the other half. Thereafter he comes back when prices have risen or have fallen down, Abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If on the day of purchase he prices them and determines the amount then such price is what it is, but if he has taken a certain amount and has left the rest without pricing he must pay the price of the day that he takes whatever it is.”’

2- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ جَمِيلٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فِي رَجُلٍ اشْتَرَى طَعَاماً كُلَّ كُرٍّ بِشَيْ‏ءٍ مَعْلُومٍ فَارْتَفَعَ الطَّعَامُ أَوْ نَقَصَ وَقَدِ اكْتَالَ بَعْضَهُ فَأَبَى صَاحِبُ الطَّعَامِ أَنْ يُسَلِّمَ لَهُ مَا بَقِيَ وَقَالَ إِنَّمَا لَكَ مَا قَبَضْتَ فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَ يَوْمَ اشْتَرَاهُ سَاعَرَهُ عَلَى أَنَّهُ لَهُ فَلَهُ مَا بَقِيَ وَإِنْ كَانَ إِنَّمَا اشْتَرَاهُ وَلَمْ يَشْتَرِطْ ذَلِكَ فَإِنَّ لَهُ بِقَدْرِ مَا نَقَدَ.

2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Jamil who has said the following: “About the case of a man who buys food, every kur (a certain amount) for a certain price, then prices rise or fall when he has measured only a certain part, and the owner of food refuses to deliver to him the rest, abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If on the day of purchase he has priced the food and that the food is his, then the remaining food is also his; but if he had only bought without any condition then only what he has paid for is his.’”

3- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى قَالَ كَتَبَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ إِلَى أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) رَجُلٌ اسْتَأْجَرَ أَجِيراً يَعْمَلُ لَهُ بِنَاءً أَوْ غَيْرَهُ وَجَعَلَ يُعْطِيهِ طَعَاماً وَقُطْناً وَغَيْرَ ذَلِكَ ثُمَّ تَغَيَّرَ الطَّعَامُ وَالْقُطْنُ مِنْ سِعْرِهِ الَّذِي كَانَ أَعْطَاهُ إِلَى نُقْصَانٍ أَوْ زِيَادَةٍ أَيَحْتَسِبُ لَهُ بِسِعْرِ يَوْمَ أَعْطَاهُ أَوْ بِسِعْرِ يَوْمَ حَاسَبَهُ فَوَقَّعَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) يَحْتَسِبُ لَهُ بِسِعْرِ يَوْمٍ شَارَطَهُ فِيهِ إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ وَأَجَابَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فِي الْمَالِ يَحِلُّ عَلَى الرَّجُلِ فَيُعْطِي بِهِ طَعَاماً عِنْدَ مَحِلِّهِ وَلَمْ يُقَاطِعْهُ ثُمَّ تَغَيَّرَ السِّعْرُ فَوَقَّعَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) لَهُ سِعْرُ يَوْمَ أَعْطَاهُ الطَّعَامَ.

3. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated the following: “Muhammad ibn al-Hassan once wrote to abu Muhammad (a.s.), asking, ‘A man has hired another man to work and build a structure for another person and he gives the worker food, cotton and other things; then the prices of food and cotton rise or fall and change from the day he gave him, if he can count on him with the price of the day of delivery or the price of the day of finalizing the account. He (the Imam) signed the answer, ‘He must pay according to the prices of the day he set mutual conditions (prices, work and so on) if Allah so wills.’ He (the Imam) (a.s.), about the question of goods that one receives and pays food for it without determining prices which then change, signed the answer, ‘Prices are that of the day he has given the food.’”

1- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَطِيَّةَ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قُلْتُ إِنَّا نَشْتَرِي الطَّعَامَ مِنَ السُّفُنِ ثُمَّ نَكِيلُهُ فَيَزِيدُ فَقَالَ لِي وَرُبَّمَا نَقَصَ عَلَيْكُمْ قُلْتُ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَإِذَا نَقَصَ يَرُدُّونَ عَلَيْكُمْ قُلْتُ لا قَالَ لا بَأْسَ.

1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr ibn ‘ Atiyyah who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of our buying food from ships. We then measure and find extra amount. He (the Imam) said, ‘Perhaps you find it to be less also.’ I replied, ‘Yes, that also happens.’ He (the Imam) then asked, ‘Do they give you the deficit?’ I replied, ‘No, they do not give the deficit. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not harmful.’”

2- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْحَجَّاجِ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَنْ فُضُولِ الْكَيْلِ وَالْمَوَازِينِ فَقَالَ إِذَا لَمْ يَكُنْ تَعَدِّياً فَلا بَأْسَ.

2. Muhammad ibn ‘Isma’il has narrated from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn al-Hajjaj who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the extra in measurement and weighing. He (the Imam) said, ‘If it is not excessive, it is not harmful.’”

3- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنِ الْعَلاءِ بْنِ رَزِينٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قُلْتُ لَهُ إِنِّي أَمُرُّ عَلَى الرَّجُلِ فَيَعْرِضُ عَلَيَّ الطَّعَامَ فَيَقُولُ قَدْ أَصَبْتُ طَعَاماً مِنْ حَاجَتِكَ فَأَقُولُ لَهُ أَخْرِجْهُ أُرْبِحْكَ فِي الْكُرِّ كَذَا وَكَذَا فَإِذَا أَخْرَجَهُ نَظَرْتُ إِلَيْهِ فَإِنْ كَانَ مِنْ حَاجَتِي أَخَذْتُهُ وَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ مِنْ حَاجَتِي تَرَكْتُهُ قَالَ هَذِهِ الْمُرَاوَضَةُ لا بَأْسَ بِهَا قُلْتُ فَأَقُولُ لَهُ اعْزِلْ مِنْهُ خَمْسِينَ كُرّاً أَوْ أَقَلَّ أَوْ أَكْثَرَ بِكَيْلِهِ فَيَزِيدُ وَيَنْقُصُ وَأَكْثَرُ ذَلِكَ مَا يَزِيدُ لِمَنْ هِيَ قَالَ هِيَ لَكَ ثُمَّ قَالَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) إِنِّي بَعَثْتُ مُعَتِّباً أَوْ سَلاماً فَابْتَاعَ لَنَا طَعَاماً فَزَادَ عَلَيْنَا بِدِينَارَيْنِ فَقُتْنَا بِهِ عِيَالَنَا بِمِكْيَالٍ قَدْ عَرَفْنَاهُ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ قَدْ عَرَفْتَ صَاحِبَهُ قَالَ نَعَمْ فَرَدَدْنَا عَلَيْهِ فَقُلْتُ رَحِمَكَ اللهُ تُفْتِينِي بِأَنَّ الزِّيَادَةَ لِي وَأَنْتَ تَرُدُّهَا قَدْ عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ ذَلِكَ كَانَ لَهُ قَالَ نَعَمْ إِنَّمَا ذَلِكَ غَلَطُ النَّاسِ لأنَّ الَّذِي ابْتَعْنَا بِهِ إِنَّمَا كَانَ ذَلِكَ بِثَمَانِيَةِ دَرَاهِمَ أَوْ تِسْعَةٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ وَلَكِنِّي أَعُدُّ عَلَيْهِ الْكَيْلَ.

3. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from Ali ibn al-Hakam from al-‘Ala’ ibn Razin who has said the following: “I once said to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), that I may pass by a man and he speaks to me about food and says, ‘You have found the kind of foodstuff that you need.’ I then ask him to show me and I will give such and such amount of profit for each kur, but when he shows it to me, I look at it and if I need I take it, if not I leave it. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is bargaining and it is not harmful.’ I then said that I then ask him to keep aside for me fifty kur or less or more according to his measurement then it comes extra or less and mostly it is extra. To whom the extra belongs? He (the Imam) said, ‘It belongs to you.’ He (the Imam) then said, ‘I once sent Mu‘attib or Salam who bought food for us and it came extra for two dinars and our family used it by the measurement that we knew.’ I then asked, ‘Did you find out who the seller was?’ He (the Imam) replied, ‘Yes, and we returned the extra to him.’ I then said, ‘May Allah be kind to you. In my case your fatwa is that the extra belongs to me and yourself return it to the seller because you knew that it belongs to him.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes; it is a mistake that people make because what we bought was for eight or nine dirham.’ He (the Imam) then said, ‘In our case we, however, measured it again.’”

4- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ حَنَانٍ قَالَ كُنْتُ جَالِساً عِنْدَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فَقَالَ لَهُ مُعَمَّرٌ الزَّيَّاتُ إِنَّإ؛(( نَشْتَرِي الزَّيْتَ فِي زِقَاقِهِ فَيُحْسَبُ لَنَا نُقْصَانٌ فِيهِ لِمَكَانِ الزِّقَاقِ فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَ يَزِيدُ وَيَنْقُصُ فَلا بَأْسَ وَإِنْ كَانَ يَزِيدُ وَلا يَنْقُصُ فَلا تَقْرَبْهُ.

4. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn ‘Isma’il from Hanan who has said the following: “Once I was sitting in the presence of abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), when Mu’ammar al-Zayyat said, ‘We buy oil in Ziqaq (a certain container), they compensate it for deficit because of Ziqaq. He (the Imam) said, ‘If it comes extra as well as in deficit, it is not harmful but if it comes extra and no deficit, then you must not go close to it.’”

1- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنِ الْعَلاءِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا (عَلَيْهِما السَّلام) أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنِ الطَّعَامِ يُخْلَطُ بَعْضُهُ بِبَعْضٍ وَبَعْضُهُ أَجْوَدُ مِنْ بَعْضٍ قَالَ إِذَا رُئِيَا جَمِيعاً فَلا بَأْسَ مَا لَمْ يُغَطِّ الْجَيِّدُ الرَّدِيَّ.

1. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from Ali ibn al-Hakam from al-‘Ala’ from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “One of the two Imam, (abu Ja’far or abu ‘Abd Allah), ‘Alayhim al-Salam, was asked about foodstuff of high and low quality mixed together. He (the Imam) said, ‘If they see all of it, it is not harmful as long as that of good quality does not cover that of low quality.’”

2- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ عِنْدَهُ لَوْنَانِ مِنْ طَعَامٍ وَاحِدٍ وَسِعْرُهُمَا شَيْ‏ءٌ وَأَحَدُهُمَا خَيْرٌ مِنَ الآخَرِ فَيَخْلِطُهُمَا جَمِيعاً ثُمَّ يَبِيعُهُمَا بِسِعْرٍ وَاحِدٍ فَقَالَ لا يَصْلُحُ لَهُ أَنْ يَفْعَلَ ذَلِكَ يَغُشَّ بِهِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ حَتَّى يُبَيِّنَهُ.

2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Hammad from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who has various kinds of the same item of foodstuff of the same price of which one is of high quality and one is of low quality but he mixes them together; then sells them for one kind of price. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not proper for him and it is cheating the Muslims unless he informs them of the condition.’”

3- ابْنُ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَشْتَرِي طَعَاماً فَيَكُونُ أَحْسَنَ لَهُ وَأَنْفَقَ لَهُ أَنْ يَبُلَّهُ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ يَلْتَمِسَ زِيَادَتَهُ فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَ بَيْعاً لا يُصْلِحُهُ إِلا ذَلِكَ وَلا يُنَفِّقُهُ غَيْرُهُ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ يَلْتَمِسَ فِيهِ زِيَادَةً فَلا بَأْسَ وَإِنْ كَانَ إِنَّمَا يَغُشُّ بِهِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَلا يَصْلُحُ.

3. Ibn abu ‘Umayr has narrated from Hammad from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who buys foodstuff and thinks is best for him and more sellable if he makes them moist but not intending to increase its quantity. He (the Imam) said, ‘If it does not sell without moistening in other ways and it is without seeking to increase its weight, then it is not harmful, otherwise, it is cheating the Muslims.’”