Al-Kāfi

9- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ وَعَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ رِئَابٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ مُوسَى (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ سُئِلَ وَأَنَا حَاضِرٌ عَنْ رَجُلٍ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً عَلَى مِائَةِ دِينَارٍ عَلَى أَنْ تَخْرُجَ مَعَهُ إِلَى بِلادِهِ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَخْرُجْ مَعَهُ فَإِنَّ مَهْرَهَا خَمْسُونَ دِينَاراً إِنْ أَبَتْ أَنْ تَخْرُجَ مَعَهُ إِلَى بِلادِهِ قَالَ فَقَالَ إِنْ أَرَادَ أَنْ يَخْرُجَ بِهَا إِلَى بِلادِ الشِّرْكِ فَلا شَرْطَ لَهُ عَلَيْهَا فِي ذَلِكَ وَلَهَا مِائَةُ دِينَارٍ الَّتِي أَصْدَقَهَا إِيَّاهَا وَإِنْ أَرَادَ أَنْ يَخْرُجَ بِهَا إِلَى بِلادِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَدَارِ الإسْلامِ فَلَهُ مَا اشْتَرَطَ عَلَيْهَا وَالْمُسْلِمُونَ عِنْدَ شُرُوطِهِمْ وَلَيْسَ لَهُ أَنْ يَخْرُجَ بِهَا إِلَى بِلادِهِ حَتَّى يُؤَدِّيَ إِلَيْهَا صَدَاقَهَا أَوْ تَرْضَى مِنْهُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ بِمَا رَضِيَتْ وَهُوَ جَائِزٌ لَهُ.

9. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from all from ibn Mahbub from ibn Ri’ab who has said the following: “This is concerning a question before abu al-Hassan, Musa (a.s.), in my presence, about the case of a man who marries a woman for one hundred dinar with the condition that she will go with him to his town. If she will not go with him to his town her mahr (dower) will be fifty dinar. He (the Imam) said, ‘If he wants to take her to the lands of pagans, then such condition is not valid and the one hundred dinar belongs to her which is her mahr (dower) but if he wants to take her to the lands of the Muslims within the Muslim domain then the condition is valid in his favor; Muslims must stand by their conditions. He cannot take her out of her town without first paying her mahr (dower) or make her agree with whatever amount, it then is permissible.’”

1- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَعَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنِ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ صَبِيحٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فِي رَجُلٍ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً حُرَّةً فَوَجَدَهَا أَمَةً قَدْ دَلَّسَتْ نَفْسَهَا لَهُ قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ الَّذِي زَوَّجَهَا إِيَّاهُ مِنْ غَيْرِ مَوَالِيهَا فَالنِّكَاحُ فَاسِدٌ قُلْتُ فَكَيْفَ يَصْنَعُ بِالْمَهْرِ الَّذِي أَخَذَتْ مِنْهُ قَالَ إِنْ وَجَدَ مِمَّا أَعْطَاهَا شَيْئاً فَلْيَأْخُذْهُ وَإِنْ لَمْ يَجِدْ شَيْئاً فَلا شَيْ‏ءَ لَهُ عَلَيْهَا وَإِنْ كَانَ زَوَّجَهَا إِيَّاهُ وَلِيٌّ لَهَا ارْتَجَعَ عَلَى وَلِيِّهَا بِمَا أَخَذَتْ مِنْهُ وَلِمَوَالِيهَا عَلَيْهِ عُشْرُ ثَمَنِهَا إِنْ كَانَتْ بِكْراً وَإِنْ كَانَتْ غَيْرَ بِكْرٍ فَنِصْفُ عُشْرِ قِيمَتِهَا بِمَا اسْتَحَلَّ مِنْ فَرْجِهَا قَالَ وَتَعْتَدُّ مِنْهُ عِدَّةَ الأمَةِ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ جَاءَتْ بِوَلَدٍ قَالَ أَوْلادُهَا مِنْهُ أَحْرَارٌ إِذَا كَانَ النِّكَاحُ بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِ الْمَوَالِي.

1. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from all from ibn Mahbub from al-‘ Ab has ibn Walid from al-Walid ibn Sabih who has said the following: “About the case of a man who marries a free woman and finds her to be a slave who has disguised herself before him, abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If the one who has given her in marriage is not one of her masters, the marriage is invalid.’ I then asked, ‘What should he do about mahr (dower) that she has taken?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘If he finds with her something of what he has given to her, he can take it back, but if he does not find then she does not owe him anything. If a guardian has given her in marriage to him he can demand from such guardian what he has paid and her masters can demand from him one-tenth of her price if she is virgin; and if she is not virgin then it is half of one-tenth of her price which has made the marriage lawful.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘She must complete the waiting period for a slave.’ I then asked, ‘What happens if she gives birth to a child?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Her children from him are free, if marriage is without the permission of the masters.’”

2- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ زُرْعَةَ عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ مَمْلُوكَةِ قَوْمٍ أَتَتْ قَبِيلَةً غَيْرَ قَبِيلَتِهَا وَأَخْبَرَتْهُمْ أَنَّهَا حُرَّةٌ فَتَزَوَّجَهَا رَجُلٌ مِنْهُمْ فَوَلَدَتْ لَهُ قَالَ وُلْدُهُ مَمْلُوكُونَ إِلا أَنْ يُقِيمَ الْبَيِّنَةَ أَنَّهُ شَهِدَ لَهَا شَاهِدٌ أَنَّهَا حُرَّةٌ فَلا تُمْلَكُ وُلْدُهُ وَيَكُونُونَ أَحْرَاراً.

2. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from his brother al-Hassan from Zur’ah from Sama‘ah who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before him (the Imam); ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of a slave- girl of a people who goes to a tribe other than her tribe and tells that she is free. A man marries her and she gives birth for him. He (the Imam) said, ‘Her children are slaves unless testimony is established to prove that a witness had testified in favor of her being free, then her children cannot be owned; they remain free.’”

3- أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ بَحْرٍ عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) أَمَةٌ أَبَقَتْ مِنْ مَوَالِيهَا فَأَتَتْ قَبِيلَةً غَيْرَ قَبِيلَتِهَا فَادَّعَتْ أَنَّهَا حُرَّةٌ فَوَثَبَ عَلَيْهَا رَجُلٌ فَتَزَوَّجَهَا فَظَفِرَ بِهَا مَوْلاهَا بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ وَقَدْ وَلَدَتْ أَوْلاداً فَقَالَ إِنْ أَقَامَ الْبَيِّنَةَ الزَّوْجُ عَلَى أَنَّهُ تَزَوَّجَهَا عَلَى أَنَّهَا حُرَّةٌ أُعْتِقَ وُلْدُهَا وَذَهَبَ الْقَوْمُ بِأَمَتِهِمْ فَإِنْ لَمْ يُقِمِ الْبَيِّنَةَ أُوجِعَ ظَهْرُهُ وَاسْتُرِقَّ وُلْدُهُ.

3. Ahmad ibn Muhammad has narrated from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from ‘Abd Allah ibn Bahr from Hariz from Zurarah who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a slave girl who runs away from her masters, comes to another tribe and claims that she is free. A man in a hurry comes forward, marries her and her master then succeeds to find her out when she has already given birth to children. He (the Imam) said, ‘If he can establish testimony that he has married her as a free woman her children are free, otherwise, he has caused himself a back pain and his children become slaves.’”

4- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ خَطَبَ إِلَى رَجُلٍ ابْنَةً لَهُ مِنْ مَهِيرَةٍ فَلَمَّا كَانَ لَيْلَةُ دُخُولِهَا عَلَى زَوْجِهَا أَدْخَلَ عَلَيْهِ ابْنَةً لَهُ أُخْرَى مِنْ أَمَةٍ قَالَ تُرَدُّ عَلَى أَبِيهَا وَتُرَدُّ إِلَيْهِ امْرَأَتُهُ وَيَكُونُ مَهْرُهَا عَلَى أَبِيهَا.

4. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn abu Nasr from Muhammad ibn Sama‘ah from ‘Abd al-Hamid from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu Ja‘far (a.s.), about the case of a man who proposes marriage to a man for his daughter for a certain amount of mahr (dower) but in the night of their going to bed he sends his other daughter who is from a slave-girl. He (the Imam) said, ‘He returns her to her father who must send his wife to him and her mahr (dower) is on her father.’”

5- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَخْطُبُ إِلَى الرَّجُلِ ابْنَتَهُ مِنْ مَهِيرَةٍ فَأَتَاهُ بِغَيْرِهَا قَالَ تُرَدُّ إِلَيْهِ الَّتِي سُمِّيَتْ لَهُ بِمَهْرٍ آخَرَ مِنْ عِنْدِ أَبِيهَا وَالْمَهْرُ الأوَّلُ لِلَّتِي دَخَلَ بِهَا.

5. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Hariz from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who proposes marriage to a man for his daughter for a certain amount of mahr (dower) but he sends someone other than her. He (the Imam) said, ‘The one identified in marriage must be sent to him with mahr (dower) paid by her father and the mahr (dower) which was set first belongs to the woman with whom he has gone to bed.”’

6- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ تَزَوَّجَ إِلَى قَوْمٍ فَإِذَا امْرَأَتُهُ عَوْرَاءُ وَلَمْ يُبَيِّنُوا لَهُ قَالَ يُرَدُّ النِّكَاحُ مِنَ الْبَرَصِ وَالْجُذَامِ وَالْجُنُونِ وَالْعَفَلِ.

6. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Hammad ibn ‘Uthaman from af-Halabiy who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who marries from a people but finds out that his wife is blind about which he was not informed. He (the Imam) said, ‘Marriage is revoked only because of al-Bars (albino), leprosy, insanity and al-‘Afal (growth of something in woman’s vagina that does not allow sexual intercourse).”’

7- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ بُكَيْرٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَتَزَوَّجُ الْمَرْأَةَ بِهَا الْجُنُونُ وَالْبَرَصُ وَشِبْهُ ذَلِكَ قَالَ هُوَ ضَامِنٌ لِلْمَهْرِ.

7. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Hassan ibn Ali ibn Faddal from ‘Abd Allah ibn Bukayr from certain persons of his people who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who marries a woman who is insane or has leprosy and so on. He (the Imam) said, ‘He is responsible for mahr (dower).”’

8- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَمِيلَةَ عَنْ زَيْدٍ الشَّحَّامِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ تُرَدُّ الْبَرْصَاءُ وَالْمَجْنُونَةُ وَالْمَجْذُومَةُ قُلْتُ الْعَوْرَاءُ قَالَ لا.

8. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn abu Nasr from abu Jamilah from Zayd al-Shahham who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Marriage of a woman with illness of al-Bars (albino), insanity and leprosy is revoked and invalid.’ I asked about a blind. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, it does not apply to her.’”

9- سَهْلٌ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ رِفَاعَةَ بْنِ مُوسَى قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) الْمَحْدُودُ وَالْمَحْدُودَةُ هَلْ تُرَدُّ مِنَ النِّكَاحِ قَالَ لا قَالَ رِفَاعَةُ وَسَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْبَرْصَاءِ فَقَالَ قَضَى أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فِي امْرَأَةٍ زَوَّجَهَا وَلِيُّهَا وَهِيَ بَرْصَاءُ أَنَّ لَهَا الْمَهْرَ بِمَا اسْتَحَلَّ مِنْ فَرْجِهَا وَأَنَّ الْمَهْرَ عَلَى الَّذِي زَوَّجَهَا وَإِنَّمَا صَارَ الْمَهْرُ عَلَيْهِ لأنَّهُ دَلَّسَهَا وَلَوْ أَنَّ رَجُلا تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً وَزَوَّجَهَا رَجُلٌ لا يَعْرِفُ دَخِيلَةَ أَمْرِهَا لَمْ يَكُنْ عَلَيْهِ شَيْ‏ءٌ وَكَانَ الْمَهْرُ يَأْخُذُهُ مِنْهَا.

9. Sahl has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Rifa’ah who has said the following: “I once asked him (the Imam) (a.s.), about the case of a woman who suffers from al-Bars (albino). He (the Imam) said, ‘’Amir al-Mu’minin (a.s.), issued a judgment, in the case of a woman who was given in marriage by her guardian when she suffered from al-Bars, that she deserves mahr (dower) which must be paid by the one who gave her in marriage. Mahr (dower) is on him because he cheated. If a man marries a woman and a man who does not know about her cheating gives her in marriage he does not owe anything but she must return the mahr (dower) back.’”