Al-Kāfi

1- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ قَالَ كَانَتْ لإسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) دَنَانِيرُ وَأَرَادَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ أَنْ يَخْرُجَ إِلَى الْيَمَنِ فَقَالَ إِسْمَاعِيلُ يَا أَبَتِ إِنَّ فُلاناً يُرِيدُ الْخُرُوجَ إِلَى الْيَمَنِ وَعِنْدِي كَذَا وَكَذَا دِينَاراً فَتَرَى أَنْ أَدْفَعَهَا إِلَيْهِ يَبْتَاعُ لِي بِهَا بِضَاعَةً مِنَ الْيَمَنِ فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) يَا بُنَيَّ أَمَا بَلَغَكَ أَنَّهُ يَشْرَبُ الْخَمْرَ فَقَالَ إِسْمَاعِيلُ هَكَذَا يَقُولُ النَّاسُ فَقَالَ يَا بُنَيَّ لا تَفْعَلْ فَعَصَى إِسْمَاعِيلُ أَبَاهُ وَدَفَعَ إِلَيْهِ دَنَانِيرَهُ فَاسْتَهْلَكَهَا وَلَمْ يَأْتِهِ بِشَيْ‏ءٍ مِنْهَا فَخَرَجَ إِسْمَاعِيلُ وَقُضِيَ أَنَّ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) حَجَّ وَحَجَّ إِسْمَاعِيلُ تِلْكَ السَّنَةَ فَجَعَلَ يَطُوفُ بِالْبَيْتِ وَيَقُولُ اللهُمَّ أْجُرْنِي وَأَخْلِفْ عَلَيَّ فَلَحِقَهُ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فَهَمَزَهُ بِيَدِهِ مِنْ خَلْفِهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ مَهْ يَا بُنَيَّ فَلا وَاللهِ مَا لَكَ عَلَى اللهِ [هَذَا] حُجَّةٌ وَلا لَكَ أَنْ يَأْجُرَكَ وَلا يُخْلِفَ عَلَيْكَ وَقَدْ بَلَغَكَ أَنَّهُ يَشْرَبُ الْخَمْرَ فَائْتَمَنْتَهُ فَقَالَ إِسْمَاعِيلُ يَا أَبَتِ إِنِّي لَمْ أَرَهُ يَشْرَبُ الْخَمْرَ إِنَّمَا سَمِعْتُ النَّاسَ يَقُولُونَ فَقَالَ يَا بُنَيَّ إِنَّ اللهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ يَقُولُ فِي كِتَابِهِ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللهِ وَيُؤْمِنُ لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ يَقُولُ يُصَدِّقُ اللهَ وَيُصَدِّقُ لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَإِذَا شَهِدَ عِنْدَكَ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ فَصَدِّقْهُمْ وَلا تَأْتَمِنْ شَارِبَ الْخَمْرِ فَإِنَّ اللهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ يَقُولُ فِي كِتَابِهِ وَلا تُؤْتُوا السُّفَهاءَ أَمْوالَكُمُ فَأَيُّ سَفِيهٍ أَسْفَهُ مِنْ شَارِبِ الْخَمْرِ إِنَّ شَارِبَ الْخَمْرِ لا يُزَوَّجُ إِذَا خَطَبَ وَلا يُشَفَّعُ إِذَا شَفَعَ وَلا يُؤْتَمَنُ عَلَى أَمَانَةٍ فَمَنِ ائْتَمَنَهُ عَلَى أَمَانَةٍ فَاسْتَهْلَكَهَا لَمْ يَكُنْ لِلَّذِي ائْتَمَنَهُ عَلَى اللهِ أَنْ يَأْجُرَهُ وَلا يُخْلِفَ عَلَيْهِ.

1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Hariz who has said the following: “‘Isma’il, son of abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), had a certain amount of dinar and a man from Quraysh wanted to travel to Yemen, so ‘Isma’il asked his father, ’Father, so and so wants to go to Yemen and I have so and so amount of dinar. Do you think I should give it to him to bring for me goods from Yemen?’ Abu ’Abd Allah (a.s.), said, ‘Are you not aware that he drinks wine?’ ‘Isma’il replied, ‘Yes, this is what people say about him.’ He (the Imam) then said, ‘Son, do not give him your dinars.’ ‘Isma’il disobeyed his father and gave the dinars to him. He used them and did not bring anything. ‘Isma’il traveled, so also abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), for al-Hajj in that year. ‘Isma’il, when performing Tawaf would say, ‘O Lord, grant me reward and replace for me what I have lost.’ Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), approached him and tapped him with his hand and said, ‘Hold it my son, by Allah, you have no ground for your argument before Allah and you have no right for receiving any reward or replacement for what you have lost, when you knew that he drank wine and you still trusted him.’ ‘Isma’il said, ‘O father, I did not see him drinking wine. I only heard people say so.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘My son, Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, says in His book, “He believes in Allah and in the believers,” (9:62) meaning he accepts (the words of) Allah (as true words) and accepts (the words of) the believers (as true words). When the believers testify before you then accept their words as true and do not trust one who drinks wine; Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, says in His book, “You must not give your assets to dimwitted ones.” (4:5) Who can be more dimwitted than one who drinks wine? The speech (advice) of one who drinks wine has no beneficial effect, his intercession is useless and he is not trusted in matters of trust. Whoever entrusts him with his assets and he destroys it, such person does not deserve any reward from Allah for his loss or replacement from Allah.’”

2- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ [عَنْ أَبِيهِ] عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ يُونُسَ وَعِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ جَمِيعاً عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ وَابْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ أَبِي الْجَارُودِ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) إِذَا حَدَّثْتُكُمْ بِشَيْ‏ءٍ فَاسْأَلُونِي عَنْ كِتَابِ اللهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ فِي حَدِيثِهِ إِنَّ اللهَ نَهَى عَنِ الْقِيلِ وَالْقَالِ وَفَسَادِ الْمَالِ وَكَثْرَةِ السُّؤَالِ فَقَالُوا يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللهِ وَأَيْنَ هَذَا مِنْ كِتَابِ اللهِ قَالَ إِنَّ اللهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ يَقُولُ فِي كِتَابِهِ لا خَيْرَ فِي كَثِيرٍ مِنْ نَجْواهُمْ الآيَةَ وَقَالَ وَلا تُؤْتُوا السُّفَهاءَ أَمْوالَكُمُ الَّتِي جَعَلَ اللهُ لَكُمْ قِياماً وَقَالَ لا تَسْئَلُوا عَنْ أَشْياءَ إِنْ تُبْدَ لَكُمْ تَسُؤْكُمْ.

2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Yunus and A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn abu ‘Abd Allah from his father all from Yunus from ‘Abd Allah ibn Sinan and ibn Muskan from abu al-Jarud who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said, ‘When you speak to me, ask me about the book of Allah.’ He (the Imam) then in his Hadith said, ‘Allah has prohibited from qil (it was said so), qal (he said so and so on . . .), destruction of assets and a great deal of questions.’ They then asked, ‘O child of the Messenger of Allah, where in the Quran is what you just said?’ He (the Imam) then said, ‘Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, says in His book, “There is nothing good in many of their whispering conversations.” (4:114) He has also said, “You must not give your assets to the dimwitted ones, upon which Allah has made you a keeper,” (4:5) and He has said, “You must not ask about all kinds of things because if revealed to you can make you feel bad.” (5:101)’”

3- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ خَالِدِ بْنِ جَرِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي الرَّبِيعِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) مَنِ ائْتَمَنَ شَارِبَ الْخَمْرِ عَلَى أَمَانَةٍ بَعْدَ عِلْمِهِ فِيهِ فَلَيْسَ لَهُ عَلَى اللهِ ضَمَانٌ وَلا أَجْرٌ لَهُ وَلا خَلَفٌ.

3. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Mahbub from Khalid ibn Jarir from abu al-Rabi‘ who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Holy Prophet, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘If one trusts one who drinks wine, about a trust after knowing that he drinks wine, he has no guarantee for it before Allah or any reward or replacement for his loss.’”

4- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ أَبِي الْمِقْدَامِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ مَا أُبَالِي ائْتَمَنْتُ خَائِناً أَوْ مُضَيِّعاً.

4. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ali ibn Asbat from certain persons of our people from ‘Amr ibn abu al-Miqdam who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘One’s trusting a treacherous person and wasting assets is a worthless act.’”

5- الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْوَشَّاءِ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ إِنَّ اللهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ يُبْغِضُ الْقِيلَ وَالْقَالَ وَإِضَاعَةَ الْمَالِ وَكَثْرَةَ السُّؤَالِ.

5. Al-Husayn from Muhammad has narrated from Mu’alla’ ibn Muhammad from al-Washsha’ who has said the following: “I once heard abu al-Hassan (a.s.), saying, ‘Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, hates qil (it was said so), qal (he said so and so on . . .), wasting assets and asking a great deal of questions.’”

1- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ شَعِرٍ عَنْ هَارُونَ بْنِ حَمْزَةَ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَنِ الْبَقَرِ وَالْغَنَمِ وَالإبِلِ يَكُونُ فِي الرَّعْيِ فَتُفْسِدُ شَيْئاً هَلْ عَلَيْهَا ضَمَانٌ فَقَالَ إِنْ أَفْسَدَتْ نَهَاراً فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهَا ضَمَانٌ مِنْ أَجْلِ أَنَّ أَصْحَابَهُ يَحْفَظُونَهُ وَإِنْ أَفْسَدَتْ لَيْلا فَإِنَّ عَلَيْهَا ضَمَانٌ.

1. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from Yazid ibn Ishaq Sha‘ir from Harun ibn Hamzah who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of cows, sheep and camels in a pasture which destroy certain things; if anyone is held responsible for anything. He (the Imam) said, ‘If they destroy during the day there is no responsibility; the owners must protect them (their belongings); but if they destroy during the night then the owner of cattle is held responsibility.’”

2- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنِ الْمُعَلَّى أَبِي عُثْمَانَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَنْ قَوْلِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَداوُدَ وَسُلَيْمانَ إِذْ يَحْكُمانِ فِي الْحَرْثِ إِذْ نَفَشَتْ فِيهِ غَنَمُ الْقَوْمِ فَقَالَ لا يَكُونُ النَّفَشُ إِلا بِاللَّيْلِ إِنَّ عَلَى صَاحِبِ الْحَرْثِ أَنْ يَحْفَظَ الْحَرْثَ بِالنَّهَارِ وَلَيْسَ عَلَى صَاحِبِ الْمَاشِيَةِ حِفْظُهَا بِالنَّهَارِ وَإِنَّمَا رَعْيُهَا بِالنَّهَارِ وَأَرْزَاقُهَا فَمَا أَفْسَدَتْ فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهَا وَعَلَى أَصْحَابِ الْمَاشِيَةِ حِفْظُ الْمَاشِيَةِ بِاللَّيْلِ عَنْ حَرْثِ النَّاسِ فَمَا أَفْسَدَتْ بِاللَّيْلِ فَقَدْ ضَمِنُوا وَهُوَ النَّفَشُ وَإِنَّ دَاوُدَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) حَكَمَ لِلَّذِي أَصَابَ زَرْعَهُ رِقَابَ الْغَنَمِ وَحَكَمَ سُلَيْمَانُ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) الرِّسْلَ وَالثَّلَّةَ وَهُوَ اللَّبَنُ وَالصُّوفُ فِي ذَلِكَ الْعَامِ.

2. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from certain persons of our people from Mu’alla’ abu ‘Uthman from abu Basir who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the words of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, ‘. . . and Dawud and Sulayman who judged about the plantation which was damaged by the sheep of the people.’ (21:78) Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Such damage can happen only during the night. It is the responsibility of the owner of plantation to protect it during the day. The owner of cattle is not required to protect them during the day. During the day it is grazing and feeding. What is damaged is not the responsibility of its owner. The owner of the cattle is responsible to guard them during the night against destroying the people’s plantation. Whatever they may destroy during the night is the responsibility of the owner of cattle and that is what is called al-Nafsh (grazing). Dawud issued judgment in favor of the one whose plantation was damaged against the owner of sheep. Sulayman issued his judgment to pay for the damage in the form of one year’s milk and wool of the sheep to the owner of the plantation.’”

3- أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ بَحْرٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قُلْتُ لَهُ قَوْلُ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَداوُدَ وَسُلَيْمانَ إِذْ يَحْكُمانِ فِي الْحَرْثِ قُلْتُ حِينَ حَكَمَا فِي الْحَرْثِ كَانَتْ قَضِيَّةً وَاحِدَةً فَقَالَ إِنَّهُ كَانَ أَوْحَى اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ إِلَى النَّبِيِّينَ قَبْلَ دَاوُدَ إِلَى أَنْ بَعَثَ اللهُ دَاوُدَ أَيُّ غَنَمٍ نَفَشَتْ فِي الْحَرْثِ فَلِصَاحِبِ الْحَرْثِ رِقَابُ الْغَنَمِ وَلا يَكُونُ النَّفَشُ إِلا بِاللَّيْلِ فَإِنَّ عَلَى صَاحِبِ الزَّرْعِ أَنْ يَحْفَظَهُ بِالنَّهَارِ وَعَلَى صَاحِبِ الْغَنَمِ حِفْظُ الْغَنَمِ بِاللَّيْلِ فَحَكَمَ دَاوُدُ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) بِمَا حَكَمَتْ بِهِ الأنْبِيَاءُ (عَلَيْهِم السَّلام) مِنْ قَبْلِهِ وَأَوْحَى اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ إِلَى سُلَيْمَانَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) أَيُّ غَنَمٍ نَفَشَتْ فِي زَرْعٍ فَلَيْسَ لِصَاحِبِ الزَّرْعِ إِلا مَا خَرَجَ مِنْ بُطُونِهَا وَكَذَلِكَ جَرَتِ السُّنَّةُ بَعْدَ سُلَيْمَانَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) وَهُوَ قَوْلُ اللهِ تَعَالَى وَكُلا آتَيْنا حُكْماً وَعِلْماً فَحَكَمَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا بِحُكْمِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ.

3. Ahmad ibn Muhammad from has narrated from ‘Isa from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from ‘Abd Allah ibn Bahr from ibn Muskan from abu Basir who has said the following: “I once said abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘What is the meaning of the words of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, “Dawud and Sulayman who issued judgment about the plantation.’” I asked, ‘Was it one issue about which they gave judgment?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, had sent revelation to the prophets before Dawud about such issue. To Dawud Allah revealed that whatever of sheep graze on a plantation, the owner of the plantation receives the necks of the sheep and such grazing must be that which takes place during the night; the owner of the plantation must protect it during the day; and the owner of the sheep must guard them during the night, therefore, Dawud judged as the prophets had judged before. To Sulayman Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, sent revelation that required the owner of the plantation to ask only for what comes out of the belly of the sheep. This tradition continued after Sulayman and that is mentioned in the words of Allah, most High, “To everyone of them We give command and knowledge,” (22:79) thus, everyone of them judged according to the command of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious.’”

1- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ وَأَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قَضَى أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ صَلَوَاتُ اللهِ عَلَيْهِ فِي رَجُلٍ كَانَ لَهُ غُلامٌ فَاسْتَأْجَرَهُ مِنْهُ صَائِغٌ أَوْ غَيْرُهُ قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ ضَيَّعَ شَيْئاً أَوْ أَبَقَ مِنْهُ فَمَوَالِيهِ ضَامِنُونَ.

1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from ibn Muskan from Zurarah and abu Basir who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that ‘Amir al-Mu’minin, issued judgment in favor of a man whose slave was hired by a goldsmith or another man. The judgment said, ‘If he has caused certain damage or has run away with something, the masters are held responsible. 5 ”

2- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ وَهْبٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ صَلَوَاتُ اللهِ عَلَيْهِ مَنِ اسْتَعَارَ عَبْداً مَمْلُوكاً لِقَوْمٍ فَعِيبَ فَهُوَ ضَامِنٌ وَمَنِ اسْتَعَارَ حُرّاً صَغِيراً فَعِيبَ فَهُوَ ضَامِنٌ.

2. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Khalid from his father from Wahab who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that ’Amir al-Mu’minin has said, ‘If one uses the services of the slave of a people and causes damage to him, he is responsible. If one uses the works of a small free person and causes damage to that person, he is responsible.”’