Al-Kāfi

3ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ دَرَّاجٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) فِي الرَّجُلِ يُعْطَى الدَّرَاهِمَ يَقْسِمُهَا قَالَ يَجْرِي لَهُ مَا يَجْرِي لِلْمُعْطِي وَلا يُنْقَصُ الْمُعْطِي مِنْ أَجْرِهِ شَيْئاً.

3. Muhammad ibn Isma‘il has narrated from al-Fadl ibn Shadan Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Jamil ibn Darraj who has said the following: “About a man who gives a certain amount of dirhams to someone to distribute among the needy, abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘What applies to the donor also applies to him without any reduction in the reward of the donor.’”

1ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) عَنِ الرَّجُلِ لَيْسَ عِنْدَهُ إِلاَّ قُوتُ يَوْمِهِ أَ يَعْطِفُ مَنْ عِنْدَهُ قُوتُ يَوْمِهِ عَلَى مَنْ لَيْسَ عِنْدَهُ شَيْ‏ءٌ وَيَعْطِفُ مَنْ عِنْدَهُ قُوتُ شَهْرٍ عَلَى مَنْ دُونَهُ وَالسَّنَةُ عَلَى نَحْوِ ذَلِكَ أَمْ ذَلِكَ كُلُّهُ الْكَفَافُ الَّذِي لا يُلامُ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ هُوَ أَمْرٌ إِنَّ أَفْضَلَكُمْ فِيهِ أَحْرَصُكُمْ عَلَى الرَّغْبَةِ وَالأَثَرَةِ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ فَإِنَّ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ يَقُولُ وَيُؤْثِرُونَ عَلى‏ أَنْفُسِهِمْ وَلَوْ كانَ بِهِمْ خَصاصَةٌ وَالأَمْرُ الآخَرُ لا يُلامُ عَلَى الْكَفَافِ وَالْيَدُ الْعُلْيَا خَيْرٌ مِنَ الْيَدِ السُّفْلَى وَابْدَأْ بِمَنْ تَعُولُ.

1. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad, from ibn Khalid from ‘Uthman from ibn ‘Isa from Sama‘ah, who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), this question: ‘There is one who has sustenance for only one day, or for only one month or one year. Should he give preference to another person who does not have sustenance even for one day, or one month or one year, or in all cases, is there no blame in not giving preference because of sustenance being barely enough for himself? He (the Imam) said, ‘There are two issues. Those of you who are more inclined to giving preference to others over themselves are excellent. Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, has said, “They give preference to others over themselves even though they themselves are in dire need.” (59:9) The other issue is that in not giving preference to others over themselves, they are not blamed; however, a providing hand has the upper hand over a non-providing hand, but you must begin with your dependents.’”

2ـ قَالَ وَحَدَّثَنَا بَكْرُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ عَنْ بُنْدَارَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الطَّبَرِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ السَّائِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ قُلْتُ لَهُ أَوْصِنِي فَقَالَ آمُرُكَ بِتَقْوَى الله ثُمَّ سَكَتَ فَشَكَوْتُ إِلَيْهِ قِلَّةَ ذَاتِ يَدِي وَقُلْتُ وَالله لَقَدْ عَرِيتُ حَتَّى بَلَغَ مِنْ عُرْيَتِي أَنَّ أَبَا فُلانٍ نَزَعَ ثَوْبَيْنِ كَانَا عَلَيْهِ وَكَسَانِيهِمَا فَقَالَ صُمْ وَتَصَدَّقْ قُلْتُ أَتَصَدَّقُ مِمَّا وَصَلَنِي بِهِ إِخْوَانِي وَإِنْ كَانَ قَلِيلاً قَالَ تَصَدَّقْ بِمَا رَزَقَكَ الله وَلَوْ آثَرْتَ عَلَى نَفْسِكَ.

2. The narrator of the above Hadith has said that narrated to us Bakr ibn Salih from Bandar ibn Muhammad al-Tabariy from Ali ibn Suwayd al-Sa’iy who has said the following: “I once said to abu al-Hassan (a.s.), ‘Please instruct me with good advice.’ He said, ‘I advise you to observe piety before Allah.’ He was silent for a while. I then complained to him about my poverty, saying, ‘By Allah, I do not have any clothes, and it is so much that abu so and so took off two pieces of his clothes so I can wear them.’ He said, ‘Fast and give charity.’ I then asked, ‘Should I give charity from what my friends have given to me, even if it is so little?’ He replied, ‘Give charity from what Allah has provided you, even if you have to give preference to others over yourself.’”

3ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا (عَلَيْهِما السَّلاَم) قَالَ قُلْتُ لَهُ أَيُّ الصَّدَقَةِ أَفْضَلُ قَالَ جُهْدُ الْمُقِلِّ أَ مَا سَمِعْتَ قَوْلَ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَيُؤْثِرُونَ عَلى‏ أَنْفُسِهِمْ وَلَوْ كانَ بِهِمْ خَصاصَةٌ تَرَى هَاهُنَا فَضْلاً.

3. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn abu Nasr from Muhammad ibn Sama‘ah from abu Basir from one of the two Imam abu Ja’far or abu ‘Abd Allah, recipients of divine supreme covenant who has said the following: “I asked him (the Imam), ‘What kind of charity is more excellent?’ He said, ‘It is the kind of charity that one provides after doing his utmost. Have you heard the words of Allah, the Most Majestic, “They give preference to others over themselves even though they are in dire need?” (59:9) It is this kind of charity giving in which you can see excellence.’”

1ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ عَطِيَّةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ (عَلَيْهِما السَّلاَم) ضَمِنْتُ عَلَى رَبِّي أَنَّهُ لا يَسْأَلُ أَحَدٌ مِنْ غَيْرِ حَاجَةٍ إِلاَّ اضْطَرَّتْهُ الْمَسْأَلَةُ يَوْماً إِلَى أَنْ يَسْأَلَ مِنْ حَاجَةٍ.

1. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from al-Hassan ibn Mahbub from Malik ibn ‘Atiyyah who has said the following: “Abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that Ali ibn al-Husayn (a.s.), has said, ’I guarantee from my Lord that whoever asks for help without actually being in need, a pressing need will force him one day (sooner or later) to ask help for an actual need.’”

2ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ جَدِّهِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ رَاشِدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ صَلَوَاتُ الله عَلَيْهِ اتَّبِعُوا قَوْلَ رَسُولِ الله (صلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) فَإِنَّهُ قَالَ مَنْ فَتَحَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ بَابَ مَسْأَلَةٍ فَتَحَ الله عَلَيْهِ بَابَ فَقْرٍ.

2. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from al-Qasim ibn Yahya from his grandfather, al-Hassan ibn Rashid from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has stated this Hadith. ’Amir al-Mu’minin (a.s.), has said, ‘You should follow the words of the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, who has said, “Whoever opens to himself the door of asking for help (begging), Allah opens to him the door of poverty.’””

3ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الله عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ حُصَيْنٍ السَّكُونِيِّ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) مَا مِنْ عَبْدٍ يَسْأَلُ مِنْ غَيْرِ حَاجَةٍ فَيَمُوتُ حَتَّى يُحْوِجَهُ الله إِلَيْهَا وَيُثَبِّتَ الله لَهُ بِهَا النَّارَ.

3. Ali ibn Muhammad has narrated from Ahmad ibn abu ‘Abd Allah from Ya’qub ibn Yazid from Muhammad ibn Sinan from Malik ibn Husayn al-Sakuniy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If a servant asks for help without actually needing help, after his death Allah makes him need that same thing and the only reward he then receives from Allah is fire.’”

1ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ حَمَّادٍ عَمَّنْ سَمِعَ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) يَقُولُ إِيَّاكُمْ وَسُؤَالَ النَّاسِ فَإِنَّهُ ذُلٌّ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَفَقْرٌ تُعَجِّلُونَهُ وَحِسَابٌ طَوِيلٌ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ.

1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from al-Husayn ibn Hammad from the one who had heard abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), say the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Never beg people for financial help; it is humiliation in this world, a poverty that you make it to approach you quickly and on the Day of Judgment presentation of accounts for it will keep you much longer.’”

2ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) يَا مُحَمَّدُ لَوْ يَعْلَمُ السَّائِلُ مَا فِي الْمَسْأَلَةِ مَا سَأَلَ أَحَدٌ أَحَداً وَلَوْ يَعْلَمُ الْمُعْطِي مَا فِي الْعَطِيَّةِ مَا رَدَّ أَحَدٌ أَحَداً.

2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Hisham ibn Salim from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “Once abu Ja’far (a.s.), said to me, ‘O Muhammad, had people known how despicable begging is, they would never become beggars. Had people known how great the reward for helping a beggar is, no one appealing for financial help would ever have been turned away empty-handed.’”

3ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ النَّضْرِ رَفَعَهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ الله (صلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) الأَيْدِي ثَلاثٌ يَدُ الله الْعُلْيَا وَيَدُ الْمُعْطِي الَّتِي تَلِيهَا وَيَدُ الْمُعْطَى أَسْفَلُ الأَيْدِي فَاسْتَعِفُّوا عَنِ السُّؤَالِ مَا اسْتَطَعْتُمْ إِنَّ الأَرْزَاقَ دُونَهَا حُجُبٌ فَمَنْ شَاءَ قَنَى حَيَاءَهُ وَأَخَذَ رِزْقَهُ وَمَنْ شَاءَ هَتَكَ الْحِجَابَ وَأَخَذَ رِزْقَهُ وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لأَنْ يَأْخُذَ أَحَدُكُمْ حَبْلاً ثُمَّ يَدْخُلَ عَرْضَ هَذَا الْوَادِي فَيَحْتَطِبَ حَتَّى لا يَلْتَقِيَ طَرَفَاهُ ثُمَّ يَدْخُلَ بِهِ السُّوقَ فَيَبِيعَهُ بِمُدٍّ مِنْ تَمْرٍ وَيَأْخُذَ ثُلُثَهُ وَيَتَصَدَّقَ بِثُلُثَيْهِ خَيْرٌ لَهُ مِنْ أَنْ يَسْأَلَ النَّاسَ أَعْطَوْهُ أَوْ حَرَمُوهُ.

3. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Khalid, from his father, from Ahmad ibn al-Nadr in a marfu‘ manner has said the following: “The Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘Hands are of three kinds: The hands of Allah are the upper hands, the hands of a benevolent person are next in rank, and the hands of recipient of a favor are the lowest in rank. You should abstain from pleading for help (financial) as much as you can. Sustenance is behind a curtain (barrier); therefore, one may protect his dignity to find his sustenance or tear it down to find his sustenance. I swear by the One in whose hand is my life. One of you picks up a rope and goes in the valley to collect firewood. He works hard and collects so much that the length of the rope hardly reaches around the bunch of his collection. He then brings it to the market and sells it for a mud (a certain amount) of dates, saves one-third, and gives the rest in charity. This is better for him than pleading before people for financial help who may give it to him or turn him away empty-handed.’”